Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2024-08-06 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background The organizational identity that rural doctors have towards the family doctor team will exert an impact on the work enthusiasm of rural doctors and the work quality of the family doctor team，which is related to the quality of the family doctor contracted service enjoyed by rural residents. Objective To explore the influencing elements of the organizational identity of rural doctors with respect to the family doctor team，and to provide practicable measures for the better operation of the family doctor team in rural districts and the improvement of the quality of the family doctor contracted service in rural areas. Methods From November to December in 2021，through the use of the stratified random sampling approach，a total of 1,004 rural doctors in 3 cities in Shandong Province were selected. By employing a self-designed questionnaire，the demographic characteristics，work situation and the organizational identity situation towards the family doctor team of rural doctors were investigated. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to explore the correlation between the organizational identity of rural doctors and work-family conflict，work stability，business training and organizational isolation，and multiple hierarchical regression analysis was adopted to explore the influencing factors of the organizational identity of rural doctors. Results The organizational identity of rural doctors towards the family doctor team is relatively high，with a score of （3.757 ± 0.713） points. The results of the correlation analysis show that there is a positive correlation between business training and organizational isolation（r=0.156， P<0.01），and a negative correlation between organizational isolation and organizational identity（r=-0.287，P<0.01）. The regression analysis results indicate that business training（β=0.154，P<0.001） and organizational isolation（β=-0.262， P<0.001） are the influencing factors of the organizational identity of rural doctors towards the family doctor team. Conclusion Rural doctors have a relatively strong sense of identity towards the family doctor team. Doing a good job in the business training of rural doctors and reducing the degree of organizational isolation among family doctor team members will help to further strengthen the organizational identity of rural doctors towards the family doctor team.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Application Technology submitted time 2024-08-06
Abstract： Aiming at forecasting whether a student can graduate successfully or dropout, a stacking-based ensemble model is proposed to solve this issue. The model considers universal inherit and object factors, including student’s family background, academic performance and environment influence. We use BernoulliNB and HistGradientBoost to build base-learner, with Logistics regression as meta-learner to integrate classification, compared it with benchmark models after finished training. The experimental result shows that the accuracy of the model reaches 93.9%, which is 7.99%, 6.61%, 2.20% and 2.47% higher than that of K-proximity algorithm, decision tree model, random forest and lightgbm model, respectively. The F1 score have reach 0.95, indicating that the model is stable and has high application value in students’ academic prediction as same.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2024-08-06
Abstract： [Purpose/Significance] This study aims to extract structured item information from free-text clinical scales using ChatGPT without annotations, which efficiently advances the structuring and intellectualization of medical scale resources. [Method/Process] A framework for item information extraction that includes eight types of attributes and considers the structural differences in clinical scale measurement concepts was defined. A dataset was constructed by collecting 59 commonly used clinical psychometric assessment scale documents; zero-shot prompt templates were designed based on measurement concept levels, and experiments were conducted using he official ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 interfaces; the extraction performance and possible influencing factors of different versions of ChatGPT in processing different clinical scale texts were analyzed from multiple perspectives. [Result/Conclusion] The extraction performance of scale item sources was the best, with Micro-F1 and Macro-F1 scores of at least 98.90% and 97.83%, respectively. This was followed by response options, instructional guidance, and scoring rules, with item numbers and instructions showing moderate performance. Clinical explanations had the lowest performance, with Micro-F1 and Macro-F1 scores of 47.73% and 45.51%, respectively. ChatGPT-4 performed better overall, but the recall rate of some attributes was weaker than that of ChatGPT-3.5. The increase in measurement concept levels, dimensionality, number of items, and text length was found to reduce model performance. In summary, ChatGPT can efficiently assist in the structuring of medical scale resources, especially when dealing with simple scales.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Application Technology submitted time 2024-08-05
Abstract： The recent wave of foundation models has witnessed tremendous success in computer vision (CV) and beyond, with the segment anything model (SAM) having sparked a passion for exploring task-agnostic visual foundation models. Empowered by its remarkable zero-shot generalization, SAM is currently challenging numerous traditional paradigms in CV, delivering extraordinary performance not only in various image segmentation and multi-modal segmentation (e.g., text-to-mask) tasks, but also in the video domain. Additionally, the latest released SAM 2 is once again sparking research enthusiasm in the realm of promptable visual segmentation for both images and videos. However, existing surveys mainly focus on SAM in various image processing tasks, a comprehensive and in-depth review in the video domain is notably absent. To address this gap, this work conducts a systematic review on SAM for videos in the era of foundation models. As the first to review the progress of SAM for videos, this work focuses on its applications to various tasks by discussing its recent advances, and innovation opportunities of developing foundation models on broad applications. We begin with a brief introduction to the background of SAM and video-related research domains. Subsequently, we present a systematic taxonomy that categorizes existing methods into three key areas: video understanding, video generation, and video editing, analyzing and summarizing their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, comparative results of SAM-based and current state-of-the-art methods on representative benchmarks, as well as insightful analysis are offered. Finally, we discuss the challenges faced by current research and envision several future research directions in the field of SAM for video and beyond.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Mathematics >> Mathematics （General） submitted time 2024-08-04
Abstract： By considering the spectrum of the Cesaro operator on the Hilbert-Polya space, we proved the Riemann hypothesis for Riemann zeta function and Dirichlet L-function.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2024-08-02
Abstract： With the development of technology, artificial general intelligence has begun to take shape, ushering in a new era for human-machine interaction and relationships. The trust between humans and artificial intelligence (AI) are on the brink of a transformative shift from unidirectional trust, where people trust AI, to a state of mutual trust between humans and AI. This study, based on a review of the interpersonal trust model in social psychology and the human-machine trust model in engineering psychology, proposes a dynamic mutual trust model for human-AI relationships from the perspective of interpersonal trust. The model regards humans and AI as equal contributors to trust-building, highlighting the “mutual trust” in the relational dimension and the “dynamics” in the temporal dimension of trust between humans and AI. It constructs a fundamental framework for dynamic mutual trust between humans and AI, incorporating influencing factors, result feedback, and behavior adjustment as essential components. This model pioneers the inclusion of AI’s trust towards humans and the dynamic interactive process of mutual trust, offering a new theoretical perspective for the study of trust between humans and AI. Future research should focus on understanding the establishment and maintenance of trust from AI towards humans, developing quantitative models for human-AI trust, and exploring mutual trust dynamics within multi-agent interactions.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2024-08-02 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Public Health Security and Health Professional Committee of the Public Safety Science and Technology Society
General Practitioner Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association
Abstract： Primary health governance is a crucial part of the national health governance system and plays a key role in achieving universal health. However，primary health governance currently faces many challenges. The Expert Consensus on Primary Health Governance is led by the Public Health Security and Health Professional Committee of the Public Safety Science and Technology Society，in collaboration with experts from multiple disciplines. The aim of this consensus is to integrate evidence-based scientific evidence，practical wisdom，and experience from multidisciplinary experts in primary health-related fields. This consensus addresses the connotations，significance，objectives，basic principles，system construction elements，capacity building elements，institutional elements，and technical means of primary health governance. It provides scientific，systematic，and operable consensus opinions and suggestions to enhance the level of primary health governance，standardize primary health governance practices，promote the equalization of primary health services，strengthen the cultivation of primary health governance talents，and drive innovation in health governance. This will provide scientific basis and recommendations to support the realization of the "Healthy China 2030".
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2024-08-02 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Cisplatin induced drug-induced liver injury is a common adverse reaction in tumor chemotherapy，which seriously disturbs the clinical treatment of patients. Hydrogen，as a selective antioxidant，has good adjunctive therapeutic effects in various injury related diseases，but its preventive effect and mechanism in cisplatin induced liver injury are not clear. Objective To study the protective effect and mechanism of hydrogen water on oxidative stress injury of hepatocytes induced by cisplatin. Methods From June 2022 to June 2023，human normal liver cell line WRL68 were divided into control group，cisplatin group，hydrogen water group，and hydrogen water plus cisplatin group. Control group was cultured with RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum for 48 h. Cisplatin group was cultured with RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum for 24 h，then added 3 μg/mL cisplatin and continued culturing for 24 h. Hydrogen water group was cultured with 0.6 mg/L hydrogen water medium for 48 h. Hydrogen water+cisplatin group was cultured with 0.6 mg/ L hydrogen water medium for 24h，then added 3 μg/mL cisplatin and continued culturing for 24 h. Then collect cells of each gorup，and hepatocyte activity was detected with CCK-8 method. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential（MMP）was detected via Rhodamine 123 fluorescence staining method，and intracellular reactive oxygen species（ROS）levels were detected via DCFH-DA fluorescence probe staining method，the proteins and mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2（NFE2L2） and heme oxygenase-1（HMOX1） were detected by western blot and RT-qPCR. Results Compared with the control group，the apoptosis rate and ROS level of cisplatin group increased（P<0.05），while the relative levels of MMP，NFE2L2，HMOX1 protein and mRNA decreased（P<0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in cell apoptosis rate and ROS level between hydrogen water group and control group（P>0.05），while the relative levels of MMP，NFE2L2，and HMOX1 proteins and mRNA increased（P<0.05）. Compared with cisplatin group，hydrogen water plus cisplatin group decreased in cell apoptosis rate and ROS level（P<0.05），while the relative levels of MMP，NFE2L2，HMOX1 proteins and mRNA increased（P<0.05）. Conclusion Hydrogen water can inhibit the oxidative stress injury in cisplatin induced hepatocytes via activating NFE2L2/HMOX1 signaling pathway，and improving mitochondrial membrane potential，then alleviate drug-induced liver injury.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2024-08-02 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background There are many types of vestibular function examination，each with different targets and positive rates.Clinical opinions vary on how to appropriately select examination methods for vertigo patients.. Objective To explore the application value of vestibular function combined with audiological examination in peripheral vertigo diseases，and provide a reference basis for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of clinical vertigo diseases. Methods Patients with dizziness or vertigo as the main complaint were selected from January 2021 to January 2022 in the Vertigo Clinic of Yibin First People's Hospital. All patients finished the examination within 7 days including pure tone audiometry（PTA），caloric test，video head impulse test（vHIT）and head-shaking test（HST）. The vestibular function examination and audiological examination results were compared. Results A total of 120 patients with vertigo who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria had complete case data，there were 40 cases of sudden deafness with vertigo（SDV），benign paroxysmal positional vertigo（BPPV），and vestibular migraine（VM）. The PTA in SDV patients was sensorineural deafness，with 25 cases with caloric test abnormalities（62.5%），16 cases with vHIT abnormalities（40%），28 cases with HST abnormalities（70.0%）. 9 BPPV patients had PTA abnormalities（22.5%），including 7 ears with sensorineural deafness，2 ears with conduction deafness，18 cases with caloric test abnormalities（45.0%），21 cases with vHIT abnormalities（52.5%），and 20 cases with HST abnormalities（50.0%）.There were 21 cases（52.5%）of PTA abnormalities in VM patients，all with sensorineural deafness，of which 26 ears had high-frequency hearing-light-moderate decline and 7 ears had low-frequency light-moderate decline. There were 16cases with caloric test abnormalities（40.0%），17 cases withvHIT abnormalities（42.5%），and 27 cases with HST abnormalities（67.5%）. The proportion of hearing abnormalities in the three groups was statistically significant difference（χ2 =50.26，P<0.001），and there were no statistically significant difference among the results of vestibular function examination（P>0.05）. Conclusion The vestibular function combined with audiological examination is helpful to the localization diagnosis of peripheral vertigo and to improve the detection rate and differential diagnosis of vertigo diseases.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Application Technology submitted time 2024-08-02
Abstract： Cognitive modeling involves instantiating theoretical or model-based knowledge of cognitive processes into computational models and validating these theories by fitting behavioral and/or neuroimaging data. It enhances our understanding of human cognition through quantitative analysis and aids in the study of individual differences. Despite the ability of theory-driven computational models to generate simulated data, their complexity makes it difficult to determine the likelihood function, hindering the estimation of model parameters and comparisons between models based on observed data. This challenge is known as the inverse problem of generative modeling, and in response to the dilemma that the likelihood function is impossible or difficult to compute, which in turn gave rise to likelihood-free inference.
likelihood-free inference, a case of simulation-based inference, which uses simulated data to approximate or circumvent the calculation of the likelihood function. This method enables the fitting and evaluation of the model. Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) and Probability Density Approximation (PDA) are two common techniques used in likelihood-free inference. ABC compares simulated data to observed data, while PDA uses a kernel density estimator to approximate the likelihood function. Both methods are powerful tools for model selection and parameter estimation, particularly when the likelihood function is intractable or unknown. However, these methods may suffer from the curse of dimensionality, as the number of model parameters increases, the computational cost and complexity of the simulation-based approaches grow exponentially, which can make the methods impractical for high-dimensional data and models.
Advances in deep learning and neural network technologies have led to the emergence of a new neural simulation-based inference (NSBI). NSBI leverages the power of deep learning to address the limitations of traditional simulation-based methods. NSBI possesses an amortization property, which allows the generation of a large amount of simulated data to be integrated into the training process. Consequently, once the neural network is trained, the inference step can be performed without the need for generating additional simulated data, significantly reducing computational overhead. Furthermore, with the advancement of neural conditional probability density estimation techniques, such as Normalizing Flows, NSBI can easily train models to estimate likelihood functions and posterior distribution functions. Neural posterior estimation methods, which offer a departure from conventional ABC techniques, directly sample from the posterior distribution using input data. Similarly, neural likelihood estimation methods, a substitute for PDA, compute likelihood values by leveraging both input data and prior parameters. These techniques enable the construction of flexible and complex cognitive models, making NSBI a promising approach for likelihood-free inference in high-dimensional settings.
NSBI has gained significant attention in the field of cognitive modeling and has been applied to various scenarios, including likelihood estimation, posterior estimation, and model comparison. For instance, neural likelihood networks such as LANs and MNLE are employed to estimate the likelihood function for intricate cognitive models, with MNLE being particularly adept at handling mixed data types with both continuous and discrete variables. In parameter inference for cognitive models, Bayesflow stands out as a neural posterior network capable of tackling a diverse array of complex models. For model comparison, Evidence Networks and Hierarchical Evidence Networks are utilized, with the Hierarchical variant being well-suited for nested data structures. Tools such as LANs, sbi, and Bayesflow are continuously optimizing the workflow of neural network-based simulation inference. These advancements have enabled NSBI to be applied to large-scale studies involving over a million data points, allowing for the construction of complex models that were previously difficult to build. This approach not only facilitates rapid validation of models and theories but also helps identify flaws and optimize performance, making NSBI a transformative technique with the potential to revolutionize the understanding and analysis of intricate systems.
While these new technologies show promise in cognitive modeling, this paper also discusses their limitations and offers constructive guidance for their use. The paper discusses the trade-offs of neural network training costs and model accuracy, the integration of NSBI methods for comprehensive analysis, and the importance of effective training for reliable models. It also emphasizes the potential for these technologies to enhance interdisciplinary collaboration, particularly between neuroscience, cognitive modeling, and other fields, to deepen our understanding of the mind and brain.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology submitted time 2024-08-01
Abstract： In daily life and business operations, individuals often overlook potential “high-probability, large-loss” risks, leading to irreparable consequences. To explore the underlying scientific issues of this phenomenon, this project introduces the novel concept of "myopic risk ignorance". Specifically, this concept refers to the difficulty decision-makers encounter in accurately perceiving or assessing the interdependencies among repeated similar decisions due to myopic evaluations and cognitive limitations. As a result, driven by the pursuit of immediate gains in individual decisions, decision-makers often sacrifice global optimal goals and gradually ignore long-term risks. Thus, myopic risk ignorance attitude can be viewed as a specific form of myopic risk attitude within the context of sequential decision making. Sequential decision making characterizes a dynamic process where individuals, groups, or organizations make a series of interconnected decisions over time to achieve an optimal overall goal. Despite the prevalence of sequential decision making in real-life scenarios, current behavioral decision-making research predominantly focuses on one-shot decisions, overlooking genuine behavioral patterns in sequential decision making. This oversight has limited the exploration of myopic risk ignorance. To address this gap, the project aims to reveal the patterns and key characteristics of myopic risk ignorance within the framework of sequential decision making. Furthermore, it will develop a tailored research paradigm to measure attitudes towards myopic risk ignorance and investigate its underlying mechanisms within decision processes and objectives. The findings are expected to complement and broaden the field of behavioral decision-making research and provide a theoretical foundation for the future development of sequential decision support systems.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2024-08-01 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
GAO Lan
ZHANG Xiangning
XIE Haotai1 ，FAN Fangfang1 ，JIA Jia1 ，LI Jianping1，2，MA Wei1 ，ZHANG Yan1，2*GAO Lan1 ，ZHANG Xiangning1 ，XIE Haotai1 ，FAN Fangfang1 ，JIA Jia1 ，LI Jianping1，2，MA Wei1 ，ZHANG Yan1，2*
GAO Lan1 ，ZHANG Xiangning1 ，XIE Haotai1 ，FAN Fangfang1 ，JIA Jia1 ，LI Jianping1，2，MA Wei1 ，ZHANG Yan1，2*
GAO Lan1 ，ZHANG Xiangning1 ，XIE Haotai1 ，FAN Fangfang1 ，JIA Jia1 ，LI Jianping1，2，MA Wei1 ，ZHANG Yan1，2*
GAO Lan1 ，ZHANG Xiangning1 ，XIE Haotai1 ，FAN Fangfang1 ，JIA Jia1 ，LI Jianping1，2，MA Wei1 ，ZHANG Yan1，2*
GAO Lan1 ，ZHANG Xiangning1 ，XIE Haotai1 ，FAN Fangfang1 ，JIA Jia1 ，LI Jianping1，2，MA Wei1 ，ZHANG Yan1，2*
GAO Lan1 ，ZHANG Xiangning1 ，XIE Haotai1 ，FAN Fangfang1 ，JIA Jia1 ，LI Jianping1，2，MA Wei1 ，ZHANG Yan1，2*
Abstract： Background At present，cardiovascular diseases still have a high incidence and mortality worldwide. Subendocardial viability ratio（SEVR）is calculated from the analysis of left ventricular and aortic pressure curves in invasive hemodynamic studies，serving as a valuable indicator of myocardial perfusion，and predictive factor for cardiovascular adverse events and mortality in different populations. Although having certain limitations，non-invasive measurements of SEVR are valuable tools for evaluating myocardial perfusion and assessing cardiovascular risk. However，large-scale epidemiological studies to explore the practical value of SEVR in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases are scant.Objective This study aims to non-invasively measure SEVR in a large-scale Beijing community-based population and to identify the influencing factors. Methods It was a cross-sectional follow-up study involving a cohort of residents（≥ 40 years of age）with atherosclerosis in the Shougang Community，Shijingshan District，Beijing，who were treated in the Department of Cardiology of Peking University First Hospital from December 2011 to April 2012. Non-invasive SEVR measurements were conducted using Pulsepen（DiaTecne srl，San Donato Milanese，Italy）during the follow-up period in 2018. Generalized linear regression models were applied to analyze influencing factors for SEVR. Results A total of 6，568 participants followed up in 2018 were initially enrolled. After excluding those without SEVR data for arrhythmia（2.8%），6，382 eligible ones were finally included in our study. SEVR measurements were obtained from 97.2% of patients. In the cohort，there were 2，130 males and 4，252 females，with a mean SEVR of （144±22）%. The Multivariable regression analysis showed that sex（β=-11.00），age（β=-0.53），smoking（β=2.36），hypertension（β=-4.12），dyslipidemia（β=-1.45），diabetes（β=-4.36），antihypertensive drugs（β=3.72），and hypoglycemic treatment（β=-3.71）were independently associated with SEVR（P<0.05）. In males，age（β=-0.67），hypertension（β=-3.20），dyslipidemia（β=-2.73），diabetes（β=-3.42），and hypoglycemic treatment（β=-5.07）were independent influencing factors for SEVR（P<0.05）. In females，age（β=-0.48），smoking（β=9.44），hypertension（β=-4.98），diabetes（β=-4.95），antihypertensive drugs（β=5.26），and hypoglycemic treatment（β=-2.82）were independent influencing factors for SEVR（P<0.05）. Conclusion Non-invasive measurement of SEVR is feasible in large-scale community-based populations. SEVR is associated with traditional risk factors，such as sex，age，smoking，hypertension，dyslipidemia，and diabetes. The relationship between SEVR and medication needs to be explored through further research.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2024-08-01 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background The cerebellar vermis is closely related to emotional regulation and cognitive function. There have been few reports on whether repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation（rTMS）of the cerebellar vermis can improve clinical symptoms in elderly patients with chronic schizophrenia（CSZ）. Objective Observing the effects of cerebellar vermis rTMS with theta burst stimulation（TBS）paradigm on negative symptoms，cognitive function，and serum inflammatory cytokine levels in elderly CSZ patients. Methods This study is a single blind randomized controlled trial. Fifty elderly CSZ patients in stable condition admitted to Shenyang Mental Health Center were selected between October 2022 and August 2023 as the subjects. Using a random number table method，CSZ patients were divided into an observation group and a control group，with 25 cases in each group. The patients in observation group were treated with rTMS with TBS paradigm，the stimulation site is the vermis of the cerebellum. The treatment was conducted 5 days a week，once a day，for 4 consecutive weeks. The patients in control group were intervention with pseudo stimulation，and the treatment time and parameters were the same as those in the observation group. Use the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale（PANSS）to evaluate overall psychiatric symptoms，and use the Negative Symptom Scale（SANS）to evaluate negative symptoms. Evaluate cognitive function using the MATRICS Recognized Cognitive Set Test （MCCB）. Detecting serum interleukin-1β（IL-1β），Interleukin-6（IL-6）and tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α）.Results Compared with the control group，the observation group had lower PANSS negative symptom scores ［（17.11±2.00）scores vs （19.21±2.76）scores］，general psychopathological symptom scores ［（17.11±2.00）scores vs 19.21±2.76）scores］，total scores after treatment ［（29.33±4.27）scores vs （58.99±5.53）scores］，and lower SANS scale scores ［（54.00±3.78）scores vs （57.83±4.15）scores］（P<0.05）. Compared with the control group，the observation group had higher post-treatment information processing speed scores ［（39.78±2.45）scores vs （37.24±1.10）scores］，attention alertness scores［（47.07±4.27）scores vs（40.01±2.17）scores］，working memory scores［（45.12±3.20）scores vs（41.89±4.11）scores］，and social cognitive scores ［（46.40±4.29）scores vs （41.42±7.45）scores］（P<0.05）. Compared with the control group，the observation group had lower levels of IL-1β ［（41.09±7.34）μg/L vs （47.03±12.45）μg/L］，IL-6［（35.03±10.23）μg/L vs （41.28±7.32）μg/L］，and TNF-α ［（53.28±14.15）μg/L vs （61.35±12.79）μg/ L］ after treatment（P<0.05）. During the rTMS treatment process，only 4 cases in the observation group experienced dizziness and headache symptoms during the first treatment，which gradually became tolerable with prolonged treatment time. All other patients have no complaints of discomfort. Conclusion The rTMS with TBS paradigm can improve negative symptoms，cognitive function，and serum inflammatory factor levels in elderly patients with CSZ.
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> Internet Journals submitted time 2024-08-01
Abstract： [Purposes] Introducing the “the commons theory” into the field of scientific publishing, exploring its potential value in promoting the open sharing of scientific resources and optimizing the process of scientific publishing, and providing theoretical support and practical reference for the construction of a high-level scientific and technological journal system.
[Methods] Proposing a framework of "scientific commons" by integrating decentralisation, smart contract, incentive mechanism and other technologies, and establish a scientific publishing mechanism that is governed by authors, reviewers, academic editors and arbitration committees and other multiple roles.
[Findings] The scientific commons mainly consists of a submission mechanism to complement preprints and journals, a review mechanism to promote the diversity of subjects, and a post-review mechanism to control the quality of journals. The scientific commons subverts the traditional model of scientific publishing, transfers the power from the publishers to the scientists, and achieves the real sharing of scientific resources, and reduces the interference of non-scientific factors in the review process.
[Conclusions] This innovative publishing model provides a reference for the sustainable development of the scientific publishing field, and promotes its progress towards a more open, fair and efficient scientific publishing system.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2024-08-01 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Insomnia disorder is a common mental health condition that significantly impacts patients' lives and well-being. Traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia（CBT-I） is an effective non-pharmacological treatment method，but its complexity，time-consuming nature，and low compliance limit its real-world application. Brief behavioral therapy for insomnia（BBT-I），based on CBT-I principles，offers comparable efficacy while being more suitable for real-world dissemination. However，the applicability of BBT-I to the Chinese population with insomnia disorder remains unclear，and research on BBT-I conducted online is lacking. Objective This study aims to investigate the efficacy of online e-aid brief behavioral therapy for insomnia（eBBT-I） delivered via WeChat Mini Program in improving insomnia symptoms among Chinese patients with insomnia disorder. Additionally，the study explores its impact on patients' sleep beliefs and attitudes. Methods This study employed a prospective non-randomized controlled design. Insomnia disorder patients from the Sleep Clinic at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University between February and November 2023 were assigned to the intervention group. Insomnia disorder volunteers recruited online and offline were assigned to the control group. The intervention group received a 2-week eBBT-I（e-aid brief behavioral therapy for insomnia）treatment，while the control group received a sham intervention of mental health education. The severity of insomnia was assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index（ISI）and the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep-16（DBAS-16） questionnaire before and after the intervention to evaluate its effectiveness. Results The study ultimately included 35 patients in the intervention group and 30 patients in the control group. Key outcome measures：There was a significant interaction effect between group and time for Insomnia Severity Index（ISI）scores（P<0.05）. Group and time separately had significant main effects on ISI scores（P<0.05）. No statistically significant difference in ISI scores was observed between the two groups at baseline（pre-intervention）（P>0.05）. After 14 days of intervention，the intervention group had lower ISI scores than the control group（P<0.05）. Within the intervention group，ISI scores decreased after 14 days compared to baseline（P<0.05）. Secondary outcome measures：There was no interaction effect between group and time for DBAS-16 scores（P>0.05）. Time had a significant main effect on DBAS-16 scores（P<0.05）. Group did not have a significant main effect on DBAS-16 scores（P>0.05）. No statistically significant difference in DBAS-16 scores was found between the two groups at baseline or after 14 days（P>0.05）. However，within the intervention group，DBAS-16 scores increased after 14 days compared to baseline（P<0.05）. This indicates that eBBT-I effectively improved insomnia symptoms and negative impact in patients with insomnia disorder，but further improvement in sleep beliefs and attitudes is still needed. Conclusion This study supports the feasibility and effectiveness of eBBT-I in the treatment of insomnia disorder among Chinese patients. It provides a more economical and efficient approach for both healthcare providers and patients，offering a new non-pharmacological option for insomnia treatment. Additionally，it contributes to the exploration of digital tools in the field of sleep.
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> Internet Journals submitted time 2024-08-01
Abstract： [Purpose] To provide guidance and reference for developing open access publishing and transformation strategies for libraries in mainland China, especially for research-intensive universities. [Methods] Starting with articles published in the past 10 years that are indexed by WOS and the transformation practices announced on publishers’ websites, it conducts a survey of the open access transformative policies of major academic journal publishers worldwide through online questionnaires and telephone interviews. Additionally, it reviews the open access transformation practices carried out in Asia based on the ESAC registry. [Findings] Over 80% of globally important academic journal publishers in developed countries such as Europe and the United States have relatively mature open access transformative policies and rich practical experience. However, the transformative policies in mainland China are relatively unclear, and open access transformative practices in the Asian region are mainly concentrated in Japan and Taiwan of China, with relatively fewer in other countries and regions. [Conclusions] At this stage, whether university libraries in China own transformative conditions for open access publishing, whether the transformative model is feasible, and whether the timing is mature, all require further exploration and practice. The Digital Resources Acquisition Alliance (DRAA) plays an irreplaceable role in introducing international databases for Chinese university libraries. In the future, it should fully leverage its significant role in China’s open access publishing and transformation. University libraries should promptly adjust their roles and service functions, learn from domestic and international experiences in open access publishing and transformation and collaborate with publishers, researchers, and research management departments to jointly explore a healthy and sustainable open access publishing model that is more suitable for China’s national conditions.
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2024-08-01
Abstract： We suggest to change the term ’Astronomy’ to ’Astrophysics and Cosmos Engeneering’ in the process of enrolling new students, and to gradually increase the engeneering content in astronomy.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology submitted time 2024-07-31
Abstract：
The wave of intelligence has injected new impetus for China to transform from a manufacturing power to a manufacturing powerhouse and for the intelligent transformation of enterprises. However, at the same time, knowledge workers in the manufacturing industry face the challenge of reshaping the labor process with artificial intelligence. This paper innovatively proposes the dynamic concept of technical hollowing out in the context of artificial intelligence to reflect the impact of the development and application of artificial intelligence technology on the labor process of knowledge workers in the manufacturing industry. This paper has three research purposes: First, to explore the definition, dimensional structure, and measurement scale of technical hollowing out based on the temporal dynamic perspective of sensemaking theory; second, based on the “cognition-behavior” interaction chain, we construct a two-stage model of “executive skill hollowing out” and “conceptual skill hollowing out” for the technical hollowing out of knowledge workers, and further explore the catalytic role of situational factors at the enterprise and employee levels; third, based on the capability-building perspective, the impact of technical hollowing out on knowledge workers’ dual innovation behavior and sustainable career development is explored. The research conclusions can not only enrich the theoretical research on technical hollowing out in the context of artificial intelligence, but also provide practical inspiration for the establishment of harmonious and stable labor relations, and the realization of long-term development and shared prosperity of enterprises and employees during the intelligent transformation of China’s manufacturing industry.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2024-07-31
Abstract： Visual attention, which is a mechanism of information selection and cognitive resource allocation, is not only the basis of information processing and cognitive functions, but also an important condition for accomplishing various social behaviors. Numerous studies have confirmed that visual attention affects individual decision-making preferences. On the basis of a comprehensive review of previous studies, this article sorts out the effects of visual attention on perceptual decision-making, preferential decision-making and other social decision-making. Moreover, it first summarizes and discusses four hypotheses: the mere exposure effect, the gaze cascade hypothesis, the sequential sampling model, and the adaptive attention representation model. Based on this, this article has explained the role of visual attention in these three kinds of decision-making. Finally, four prospects are proposed: future studies should (a) consider setting options with different degrees of preference differences, (b) examine moderating factors in decision-making situations or visual environments, (c) consider the roles of other forms of attention in decision-making, and (d) explore the mechanisms of the sequential sampling model further in order to deepen the understanding of the effects of visual attention on decision-making and its mechanisms.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany submitted time 2024-07-31 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区科学》
Abstract： Savanna, semi-deserts, and hot deserts characterize the Saharo-Arabian region, which includes Morocco, Mauretania, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Palestine, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, Yemen, southern Jordan, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northern India. Its neighboring regions, the Sudano-Zambezian region belonging to the Paleotropical Kingdom and the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian regions included in the Holarctic Kingdom, share a large portion of their flora with the Saharo-Arabian region. Despite the widespread acknowledgment of the region's global importance for plant diversity, an up to date list of the Saharo-Arabian endemics is still unavailable. The available data are frequently insufficient or out of date at both the whole global and the national scales. Therefore, the present study aims at screening and verifying the Saharo-Arabian endemic plants and determining the phytogeographical distribution of these taxa in the Egyptian flora. Hence, a preliminary list of 429 Saharo-Arabian endemic plants in Egypt was compiled from the available literature. Indeed, by excluding the species that were recorded in any countries or regions outside the Saharo-Arabian region based on different literature, database reviews, and websites, the present study has reduced this number to 126 taxa belonging to 87 genera and 37 families. Regarding the national geographic distribution, South Sinai is the richest region with 83 endemic species compared with other eight phytogeographic regions in Egypt, followed by the Isthmic Desert (the middle of Sinai Peninsula, 53 taxa). Sahara regional subzone (SS1) distributes all the 126 endemic species, Arabian regional subzone (SS2) owns 79 taxa, and Nubo-Sindian subzone (SS3) distributes only 14 endemics. Seven groups were recognized at the fourth level of classification as a result of the application of the two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) to the Saharo-Arabian endemic species in Egypt, i.e., I Asphodelus refractus group, II Agathophora alopecuroides var. papillosa group, III Anvillea garcinii group, IV Reseda muricata group, V Agathophora alopecuroides var. alopecuroides group, VI Scrophularia deserti group, and VII Astragalus schimperi group. It's crucial to clearly define the Saharo-Arabian endemics and illustrate an updated verified database of these taxa for a given territory for providing future management plans that support the conservation and sustainable use of these valuable species under current thought-provoking devastating impacts of rapid anthropogenic and climate change in this region.
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