Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2024-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
SU Jin
SHOU Juan
GU Wenqin
YI Chuntao
XU Liping
CHENG Lili
DING Hongjuan
ZHOU Peng
WU Yinghua
QIN Jie
XUE Bin
WEI Baichuan
WANG Qian
PENG Yan
CHENG Yimin
YANG Lan
WEI Yangyang
WANG Lei
QI Jinlin
SHAO Ying
Abstract： Background With the gradual deepening of the comprehensive reform of community health services，the prevention and control of single diseases for the entire population in the community is also constantly being optimized，However，there is still a lack of appropriate evaluation methods in the community to reflect its prevention and control effectiveness evaluation. Objective By analyzing and exploring the cost effect of the existing whole-population prevention and control measures of osteoporosis in Fenglin community，from2016 to 2022，this paper answers the initial results and possible problems of the whole population prevention and control of single disease in the community. Methods This study conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis on 4293 community residents who received osteoporosis prevention and treatment in Fenglin Community from 2016 to 2022. Divide the research object into three states based on bone density values: healthy，low bone mass，and osteoporosis，and construct a Markov model to analyze the influencing factors of different state transitions. And based on the predicted values of the Markov model combined with quality adjusted life years （QALY），the increment of quality adjusted life years（QALY） is calculated. All costs invested in prevention and control work from 2016 to 2022 are counted，and the effectiveness of prevention and control is evaluated by the cost/quality adjusted life year increment ratio. Quality adjusted life years （QALY）are obtained by calculating the health utility value and expected life determined through literature search. Results The total cost of osteoporosis prevention and treatment in Fenglin community was 33，814，102.15 yuan. The total quality-adjusted life years of 4293 community osteoporosis prevention and treatment population were 77098.2889 at the first diagnosis，the average per capita was 17.959，and the standard deviation was 9.34. At the second diagnosis，the total quality-adjusted life years were 79616.9361，the mean per capita was 18.546，the standard deviation was 9.342，and the difference between the two diagnoses was 2，518.6472. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio （ICER） is 2，132.9070 yuan /QALY，and the incremental cost#2;effectiveness ratio （ICER） is less than 1 times （66，965.10 yuan） per capita GDP，indicating that the intervention scheme is fully cost-effective. Conclusion This study combined Markov model and quality-adjusted life years （QALY） to make a preliminary evaluation of the prevention and treatment effect of osteoporosis in Fenglin community. The results showed that the intervention program of osteoporosis prevention and treatment in Fenglin community was worth investing， and provided a certain basis for the accurate prevention and treatment decision of osteoporosis in the future.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2023-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The purpose of this study is to investigate the species diversity of Malmidea in China and further identify its species composition and distribution. Three new records of Malmidea are reported from China, M. indica (D. D. Awasthi & M. R. Agarwal) Hafellner & T. Sprib, M. reunionis Kalb and M. hechicerae Kalb. The specimens were collected from Yunnan Province. Detailed descriptions and illustrations were provided for each species. A key to all known Chinese Malmidea species was also provided. This study enrich the diversity of Malmidea in China, and has some significance for the conservation and study of lichen diversity of China.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2023-12-19 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
ZHANG Shuai
LI Na
SHEN Jiangli
LIU Yuedong
WU Xianshu
WANG Lei
SHENG Tianjiao
XU Hongjun
AN Shengjun
Abstract： Background Experiential effective prescription optimized Kuijie decoction can effectively improve the quality of life of patients with ulcerative colitis（UC），promote the intestinal mucosal healing and clinical remission，but its mechanism remains unclear now. Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of optimized Kuijie decoction in UC rats with TCM syndrome differentiation of Qi stagnation and blood stasis. Methods From September to October 2023，70 SPF#2;grade male SD rats were randomly divided into the blank-control，model，salicylazosulfapyridine，low-dose，standard-dose， Qi-enhancing and Blood-activating groups，with 10 rats in each group. UC model with TCM syndrome differentiation of Qi stagnation and blood stasis was established by trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid（TNBS）/ethanol secondary inflammation combined with restraint method. Rats in the blank-control group were enucleated with 0.9% sodium chloride solution at the time of modeling and were grasped and fixed synchronously with the rats in the other groups，and were given an equal volume of water by gavage once per day after the establishing for 14 days；rats in the model group were given an equal volume of water by gavage once per day after the establishing for 14 days；rats in the salicylazosulfapyridine，low-dose，standard-dose，Qi-enhancing and Blood-activating groups were given intragastric administration with salicylazosulfapyridine suspension（0.54 g/kg），low-dose optimized Kuijie decoction（0.837 g/kg），standard-dose optimized Kuijie decoction（1.674 g/kg），Astragalus suspension （1.8 g/kg）and Safflower suspension（0.9 g/kg）once per day after the establishing for 14 days，respectively. High-precision transmission electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructural changes in the colonic tissues of the seven groups of rats after intervention，the expression levels of CXCR4，VEGFA，and TAK1 were compared among the seven groups of rats after intervention. Results The ultrastructure of colonic tissue of rats in the low-dose and standard-dose groups tended to be normal after intervention. The gray ratios of proteins and relative mRNA expression quality of CXCR4，VEGFA and TAK1 in colonic tissues of rats in the model group were higher than the blank-control after intervention（P<0.05）；the gray ratios of proteins and relative mRNA expression quality of CXCR4，VEGFA and TAK1 in the salicylazosulfapyridine，low-dose， standard-dose，Qi-enhancing and Blood-activating groups were significantly lower than those in the model group（P<0.05）； the gray ratios of proteins of CXCR4，VEGFA and TAK1 in the standard-dose group were significantly lower than those in the salicylazosulfapyridine group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Optimized Kuijie decoction and its Qi-enhancing and Blood-activating components can effectively reduce the expression of CXCR4，VEGFA and TAK1 in colonic tissue in UC rats with TCM syndrome differentiation of Qi stagnation and blood stasis，its therapeutic effect may act through the coordinate regulating of the expression of CXCR4，VEGFA and TAK1 in colonic tissue by Qi-enhancing component and Blood-activating component.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2023-12-16 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract： To explore the main factors influencing soil salinization in irrigation region of Yellow River of Hongsipu, correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to study the salinization characteristics of the 0-100 cm soil profile. The results showed the following: (1) The overall soil in the study area is strongly alkaline, with the pH of the lower layer of 20-100 cm soil being significantly higher than that of the upper layer of 0-20 cm (P<0.05), which increases with increasing soil depth. The total salt content of soil also increases with increasing soil depth, showing a bottom aggregation-type profile feature of high at the bottom and low at the surface. The difference in total salt content of each layer of soil was not significant (P<0.05), which the pH of each layer of soil exhibited weak variability, with a relatively uniform spatial distribution. The total salt content of soil in the upper layer showed moderate variability at depths of 0-20 cm, while in the lower layer of depths of 20-100 cm it showed strong variabilily, with differences in spatial distribution appearing with changes in depth. (2) The main cation in the study area is Na++K+, with significant differences in the content of each cation (P<0.05). The main anion is SO2- 4 , which significant difference compared with other anions (P<0.05). The contents of the ions are in following order: SO2- 4 > Na+ +K+ > Ca2 + > Mg2 + > HCO-3 > Cl− > CO2- 3 , and the concentration of each ion also increases with increasing of soil depth, consistent with the changes in total salt and pH. (3) Through correlation analysis and principal component analysis, it was found that the main factors affecting total salt in the irrigation area are SO2- 4 , Cl−, Na++K+, and Mg2+, while the main factors affecting pH are CO2- 3 and HCO-3 . The main salts are sulfate and chloride, but there are significant differences in salt types at different depth profiles. The upper layer of salt is mainly chloride, while the lower layer is a composite of sulfate and chloride. The results of this study prove the main factors affecting the soil salinity characteristics of irrigation region of Yellow River of Hongsipu, and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of alkali soil in the study area.
Subjects: Nuclear Science and Technology >> Nuclear Instrument and Meter submitted time 2023-11-15
Abstract： NaI(Tl) crystal is a common radiation detector material, because its interaction with the ray produces a weak light signal, so the photomultiplier tube is needed to convert the light signal into an electrical signal for the back-end circuit to process. Silicon photomultiplier tube, as a new photoelectric conversion device, has the advantages of low noise, small size, low power consumption and diamagnetism compared with traditional photomultiplier tube. Therefore, the NaI(Tl) scintillator detector designed by SiPM has the advantages of small size, high efficiency, sensitivity and strong anti-interference. By optimizing the physical structure and signal processing circuit of the detector, the efficient detection of gamma rays is realized. In this paper, a 1-inch NaI(Tl) detector using SiPM is designed and developed, which has the advantages of small size and low background noise. The influence of the detector on the energy spectrum of 137Cs source is tested, and the results show that the detector has a resolution of 8.72% for the γ-ray energy of 0.662MeV.
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：广播电视卫星地球站承担着将上行节目进行远距离传输覆盖的重要任务,对安全播出的等级要求非常高。针对卫星地球站的监控系统而言,除了机房设备外,还需要对信号的发射过程进行监控。唯有确保两者的监测与控制实现精准、高效目标,才能够保证广播电视监控系统的实效。文章主要以广播电视的卫星地球站监控系统为切入点,对监控系统的现状与发展展开分析,并在此基础上探讨监控系统设计中的核心技术。
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：随着互联网技术的高速发展,新媒体时代就此到来,不仅改变了人们的信息获取方式,也对媒体市场格局产生了冲击,给传统媒体的发展带来巨大挑战。在这一背景环境下,传统媒体要想稳固住自己的市场地位,就要加强与新媒体的协同发展与融合创新,通过利用新媒体的新技术提升新闻传播的时效,并且最大限度发挥自身权威性与公信力,深度挖掘新闻核心价值,确保引导正确的社会舆论。基于此,积极促进传统媒体与新媒体的协同发展与融合创新显得尤为迫切且必要。文章便针对这一内容展开深入分析。
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：2016年,《功夫熊猫3》在全球上映,获得不俗的票房成绩。加上之前两部的骄人战绩,使得以中国传统文化为载体的《功夫熊猫》系列电影在中国以及全球形成一种文化现象。本文通过对好莱坞梦工厂《功夫熊猫》电影火爆背后的原因分析,探讨在全球化语境下,中国传统文化传播面临的挑战、机遇,以及如何提高中国传统文化的传播力。
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2023-09-27 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Maintenance hemodialysis（MHD）and peritoneal dialysis（PD）are main treatment methods for uremic patients. It remains an important content of clinical research on better developing treatment protocols to address overhydration（OH）in dialysis patients，and the effect of applying body composition monitor（BCM）on the prognosis of dialysis patients treated with different dialysis models is still controversial. Objective To explore the relationship between OH parameters of BCM and prognosis in patients treated with MHD and PD. Methods From October 2017 to September 2022，334 patients on maintenance dialysis in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital，Beijing Boai Hospital，Aviation General Hospital，Beijing Changping District Hospital and Beijing Changping District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine were included as the study objects and divided into MHD group（n=188）and PD group（n=146）according to their renal replacement therapy mode. The general data of and BCM related parameters were collected through the electronic medical record system. Patients included in the study were followed up，dialysis treatment parameters，body weight（BW），systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were recorded，and the average of multiple follow-up results were calculated. Endpoint events were recorded during follow-up period，with the primary endpoint event as all-cause death（ACM），secondary endpoint events as cardiovascular events（CVE），combined adverse events（CAE），surgery or fracture（SOF）. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between endpoint events and BCM parameters，and stepwise multiple Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of secondary endpoint events in patients. The ACM survival curve was plotted by Kaplan-Meier method，and the difference of survival curve between the two groups was compared by Log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of ACM. Results A total of 311 patients completed follow-up，with a median follow-up time of 29.9（18.0，36.0）months，including 176 patients in MHD group and 135 patients in PD group. Dialysis age，BW，target body weight，adipose tissue content and adipose tissue index in MHD group were higher than those in PD group，and OH was lower than that in PD group（P<0.05）. The mean values of body mass，target body weight，systolic blood pressure，adipose tissue content and adipose tissue index in MHD group were higher than those in PD group，while the mean value of OH，standard deviation of OH（OHsd），maximum change value of OH（OHd）and maximum change value of OH in MHD group were lower than those in the PD group. The incidence of CVE，CAE and SOF was 16.5% （29/176），39.2%（69/176）and 4.0%（7/176）in the MHD group，and 45.9%（62/135），83.0%（112/135）and 8.2%（11/135） in PD group，respectively. The incidence of CVE and CAE in MHD group was significantly lower than PD group（χ2 =32.009，P<0.001；χ2 =60.132，P<0.001）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the ratio of mean value of extracellular water to mean value of intracellular water in MHD group（OR=57.974，95%CI=1.393-2 413.247）was the influencing factor of CVE，OHd（OR=1.255，95%CI=1.076-1.462）was the influencing factor of CAE. The age of patients in PD group（OR=1.029，95%CI=1.008-1.052）was the influencing factor of CVE，and OHd was the influencing factor of CAE（OR=1.962，95%CI=1.355-2.842）. Kaplan-Meier survival curve of ACM between the two groups showed that the incidence of ACM in PD group was higher than that in MHD group（χ2 =7.145，P=0.008）. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age（HR=1.070，95%CI=1.019-1.123）was the influencing factor of ACM in MHD group，DBPm（HR=0.942，95%CI=0.854-0.992）and OHsd（HR=3.612，95%CI=2.072-6.296）were the influencing factors of ACM in PD group. Conclusion The incidence of primary endpoint event and secondary endpoint events in PD group was higher than that in MHD patients，and OH was more obvious in PD patients than MHD patients. The fluctuation of OH value obtained by BCM could predict ACM in PD patients.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] As the WeChat public platform promotes the intelligent level of library information dissemination and enhances the efficiency of library services, it has been widely used by Chinese libraries as an important self-media platform. In this context, this paper attempts to compare the WeChat public platform of university libraries and public libraries by the data of WeChat public platform.[Method/process]Firstly, the external and internal description data pushed in WeChat public platform was collected via the big data platform of social media and web crawler technology. After cleaning, this data was stored in the Mongo DB database. Secondly, the WeChat communication Index (WCI) was calculated through corresponding algorithm. At the time, the latent dirichlet allocation (LDA) was applied to carry out the topic classification research of texts. Finally, the conceptand quantitative method of information accepting and adopting index(IA&AI) was proposed, and the text feature was extracted by setting of IA&AI threshold.[Result/conclusion] There is strongly positive correlation between the number of readings and the number of praises; theoverall influence of the public platform of university libraries is slightly lower than that of public libraries, but the polarization of WCI exists in both kinds of libraries; after comparative analysis, the similarities and differences of topic classification and text features in high(or low) IA&AI's text are found.Finally, based on the research conclusions, some suggestions were put forward to operate the WeChat public platform of the two kinds of libraries.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The space reengineering of university library is one of the focuses of current theory and practice in the industry. Studying the types, attributes and service orientation of library space reengineering has important reference value for the development direction of space reengineering and space service.[Method/process] Based on the paving of active learning ability, this paper made an analysis and research on the meaning, characteristics, functions and functions of active space, and put forward the service ideas of library active space from the aspects of space service concept, resources, practice and activity mode.[Result/conclusion] It is considered that "active space" is the direction of university library space reengineering, which is in line with the current and future goal of university talent training.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] With the development of the social media big data platform, evolutionary of the big data and database technology, the various data are becoming available and accessible in web 2.0. In this context, the paper tries to explore the feasibility of informetrics study of reading contents based on the big data of social media.[Method/process] The paper applies the big data platform and text mining technology to collect the basic information of WeChat public account and the contents of the published articles. Then, the collected data are counted. The distribution of WeChat public account on classification, geographical and certification, as well as the number of published articles, reading number, average reading number, thumbs up number and average thumb up number up of WeChat public account are obtained. In addition, the Single Tweets Communication Index (STCI), the high frequency keywords in the title co-occurrence matrix and coupling matrix based on repetitions of WeChat public account articles are proposed by using the theories and techniques of the informetrics. At the same time, the paper puts forward the Publish Delay Index of Highest STCI Article (HSPDI) algorithm to investigate the effect of repeating publish times of articles on the communication effect of the articles. Finally, the paper summarizes the content characteristics of articles through artificial reading of high STCI articles.[Result/conclusion] There is a positive correlation between the average reading number and the average thumb up number in Wechat public accounts. Many wechat public accounts have the same phenomenon of publishing the same article. Whether the first time to publish the article has no obvious effect on its STCI. Furthermore, after analyzing the content of high STCI tweets, the paper puts forward three main features of the high STCI articles, including satisfaction of the readers' curiosity, the meeting of the reader's self-expression needs, and the compliance of the writing principle of "screen reading".
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] By summarizing and commenting on the transformation of multimedia space and new space service in library, this paper exchanges with the library carrying out the transformation of multimedia space and provides reference. [Method/process] This paper discusses the practice, effect and service innovation of the video and audio appreciation space in the library of Shenyang Normal University, and puts forward the enlightenment of the innovation service of the reconstructed space. [Result/conclusion] Space transformation is the inevitable requirement of the transformation and development of university library, and it is a feasible transformation and development road to promote the flow of collection resources, improve the interaction of group reading, dig deep into the connotation of audio-visual resources, and cultivate the comprehensive quality of readers.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance]The construction of "theme library" is part of the strategy of a powerful cultural country in China. Through the investigation and analysis of the development status of national theme library, the paper explores the development path of the library with Chinese characteristics, promotes the continuous expansion of the library system and improves the service quality.[Method/process] Based on the analysis of the definition, characteristics and domestic construction and development of the theme library, this paper discussed the problems in the construction of the theme library, and summarized the ideas for the future construction and development of the theme library.[Result/conclusion]The theme library has become a part of the service system of China's general and branch libraries and an important measure to deepen the service, which needs to be promoted to vigorous development.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《腐蚀科学与防护技术》
Abstract： Effect of the bath formula on electroless plating of ternary Ni-Zn-P alloys was investigated systematically in terms of plating rate, micro-hardness, chemical composition and corrosion performance of the coatings. Then the processing parameters for preparation of the coating with chemical composition of Zn 9.50~16.57 and P 7.55~13.59 (mass fraction, %) were acquired. Typical coatings were characterized by SEM and XRD, while their corrosion resistance against aqueous solutions of strong acid, strong alkali and neutral salt was also examined. The results indicated that the prepared Ni-Zn-P coatings show compact and smooth surface with a typical cellular or spherical as well as band-like morphology. The coating was mainly amorphous and micro-crystalline composed of fcc Ni-solid solution of Zn and P. The coating exhibited comparatively excellent corrosion resistance in media of 3.5% (mass fraction) NaCl and 100 g/L NaOH.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Major countries have launched brain initiatives for competition, aiming to gain strategic priority in the area of brain ultimate frontier for human being in the course of recognizing nature. The US BRAIN Initiative is a scientific project comparable to the Human Genome Project in scale and potential impact. Accelerating the development and application of new technologies and tools is the driving force for the US BRAIN Initiative, which takes the lead in race owing to its realistic and innovative development mode. This study briefly reviews the implementation progress, the strategic reports and research achievements of the US BRAIN Initiative, and summarizes the main characteristics of its implementation. Finally, this study puts forward six advisory opinions: (1) strengthening the top-level design, (2) energetically developing originally created biotechnology, (3) setting up studies for data governance in advance, (4) exploring the mode for government and enterprise cooperation, (5) establishing interdisciplinary network for group research, (6) practicing responsible study, in hope of inspiring more good ideas for the development of brain science in China.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract： GH4169 superalloy is one kind of important metallic materials used for manufacturing turbine discs in aero-engine. In order to meet the demand of higher strength, high ratio alloying elements have to be added, resulting in the complex microstructure evolution during the long- term service at elevated temperature. Furthermore, the turbine disc usually bears overloading which will lead to the low cycle fatigue (LCF) damage in real working and result in fatal security problem. Besides, it is meaningful to decide the relationship between the microstructure evolution and performance degradation. In the present work, microstructure evolution and LCF behavior of GH4169 alloy during long- term aging were investigated. The microstructure evolutions of GH4169 alloy during long-term aging at 750 ℃ for 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 h and the influences of long-term aging on the LCF behavior were investigated. The results show that the size of g ″ phases increases and the volume fraction decreases with the increase of aging time, compared with the increase of both size and volume fraction of d phases. Both the fatigue strength and fatigue life of the alloy decrease with the increase of aging time. For the specimen aged for the same time, the cyclic stress firstly contributes to cyclic hardening, then cyclic stability, and finally cyclic softening with the increase of cyclic numbers. It is found that the decrease of cyclic stress contribution is slightly effected by the size of g ″ phases increase and volume fraction decrease after long-term aging. Therefore, the LCF life of the alloy decreases since the crack easily propagates along with the long needle-like d phases and the g ″ phases precipitate free zones.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract： GH4169 alloy is widely used to make aero engine, gas turbine as it is one of the most important superalloy. g'' phase is the main strengthen phase, however, the metastable g'' phase will transform to stable d phase during aging or servicing for certain time. d phase is significance in the alloy, its precipitating and distributing behavior have an effect on the properties of the alloy. In recent year, researchers pay more attention on electric field treatment (EFT), this is because of high energy density, accurate controlling, clean and safety. EFT is one of the most important energy field except temperature field and stress field. In this work, EFT was performed on GH4169 superalloy to investigate the influence of EFT on precipitation behavior of d phase in the alloy, and the mechanism of the effect of EFT on the phase transformation was also discussed. The results show that d phases precipitate on the grain boundaries after EFT with 8 kV/cm at 850 ℃ for 15 min, and large amounts of g'' phases precipitate inside the grains. With the increasing of EFT time, both the volume fraction and the size of d phase increase, at the same time the size of g'' phase increases. The volume fraction of d phase is less and the size of d phase is smaller, and the volume fraction of g'' phase is higher by EFT, compared with that by aging treatment (AT) for the same time. In addition, the Nb content on the grain boundary decreases and both Fe and Cr content increase, meanwhile the lattice parameters of c decreases and a, b increase. The vacancy concentrations can be accelerated by EFT, so that the diffusion of Fe and Cr atoms can be promoted. Meanwhile, the Nb atoms in d phases on the grain boundaries can be displaced by Fe atoms and Cr atoms, therefore the Nb atoms are dissolved into the grain. The nucleation rate of g'' phases increases with the increasing of vacancy concentrations. The vacancies relax coherent distortion between g phases and g'' phases, and suppress g'' phases to transform to d phases. Thus the stabilization of g'' phases is enhanced.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2021-07-24
Abstract： " Social deficits are core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous studies, from a social cognition perspective, proposed that a deficit in theory of mind is the cause of social impairment. However, individuals with ASD already exhibited social motivation deficit traits prior to acquiring theory of mind. Furthermore, some individuals who were able to pass theory-of-mind tests continued to show decreased motivation when engaging in social interactions. Social motivation theory suggests that social motivation is an important internal force promoting human evolution and motivating and sustaining an individual’s social activities. This theory also highlights that social impairments in ASD may be etiologically related to deficits in neural mechanisms of social motivation and provides a new interpretation of social deficits in terms of behavioral performance, neuroscience, and biology. It is important to further refine research on the neural mechanisms of social motivation, to clarify the scope of application of social motivation theory in individuals with ASD, and to investigate the value of social motivation theory in assessment diagnosis and clinical rehabilitation.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-07-20 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The mutually beneficial symbiosis system formed between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and host plants is one of the representative types of symbiosis systems widely distributed in various ecosystems. In addition to promoting the growth and development of host plant, AMF can also have various effects on the reproduction process of host plants. Studying the changes of reproduction strategies of host plants infected by AMF has important theoretical significance for in-depth understanding of changes in plant reproduction fitness. In this article, we review the related researches on the effects of AMF on the reproduction of host plant, including the effects of AMF infection on reproductive allocation, floral characteristics, insect-pollination and anthesis of host plants. Although current studies have found that AMF can promote the increase of host plant reproduction input, increase the size and number of flowers, increase the number of pollen and nectar secretion, affect the behavior of flower visitors, and cause early flowering and prolonged flowering, the specific mechanism of AMF affecting reproduction of flowering plant is still unclear, and there is currently no unified conclusion due to differences between host plants. However, due to the ubiquity of AMF symbiosis with plant, its important role in the process of plant reproduction cannot be ignored. In the future, more researches should be conducted to investigate the influence mechanism of AMF on the reproductive traits of host plants, the resource allocation of male and female functions in the process of plant sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction and offspring fitness in addition to conducting more in-depth studies in the above-mentioned aspects.
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