Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2020-10-19
Abstract： Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with mood-congruent processing biases towards negative information in working memory (WM), which is considered as the core manifest of cognitive vulnerability of MDD. This review provides an overview of the biased processing of emotional information of depression in three executive components of WM. Patients with MDD have difficulties in disengaging from negative information and present insufficient processing of positive materials during WM updating. MDD patients also exhibit impairments in suppressing irrelevant negative information and cannot effectively prevent the irrelevant negative information entering WM during inhibition. The findings of emotion-specific dysfunctions of shifting function in depression are inconsistent. Electrophysiological and neuroimaging studies suggest that the biased processing in WM is associated with altered brain activations in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex. Future research is needed to investigate the different contribution of each type of biased processing to depressive symptoms, the unity of the biased processing in three WM components, the impact of biased processing in different stages of MDD, and the induction effects of different emotional materials on biased processing. Moreover, unraveling the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the process of emotional materials in WM could help resolve the inconsistency of previous findings and benefit future development of cognitive bias modification interventions for biased processing in WM of depression.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2022-10-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Objective To explore the relationships of different personality traits to postpartum depression. Methods Databases including Web Of Science, PubMed, EBSCOhost, Embase, PsycInfo (Proquest), CNKI, VIP and Wanfang were searched for studies regarding the relationships between personality traits and postpartum depression from inception to June 4, 2021. After literatures quality evaluation, relevant data were extracted. Stata 16.0 was used to meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis and publication bias were performed on the relationship between neuroticism and postpartum depression. Sensitivity analysis of the relationships between different personality traits and PPD was conducted using random effect model and fixed effect model. Results 19 literatures were included in this meta analysis. Meta-analysis showed that the pooled OR values of the relationships of neuroticism, vulnerability, extraversion, openness, avoidant personality and dependent personality to postpartum depression were 1.30 (95%CI: 1.20,1.40), 1.39 (95%CI: 1.10,1.76), 0.86 (95%CI: 0.77,0.97), 0.94 (95%CI: 0.9,0.98), 6.27 (95%CI: 2.55,15.40) and 7.71 (95%CI: 1.62,31.14) respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the different cut-off points of Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and the different survey time of postpartum depression were the sources of heterogeneity. The pooled results were reliable except for obsessive-compulsive personality disorders. Conclusion Neuroticism and vulnerable personality were risk factors for postpartum depression. Openness and extraversion were protective factors for postpartum depression. Postpartum women with neuroticsm may have more severe postpartum depression and may be more likely to develop postpartum depression after 12 weeks postpartum. Due to the inconsistent results of domestic and foreign research, the correlations of avoidance, dependent and obsessive-compulsive personality with postpartum depression need to be further explored in the future.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2024-07-17 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
FAN Haojie
LIU Lewei
XIA Lei
TIAN Yinghan
YANG Cheng
HAO Mingru
ZHAO Xin
SHEN Qingqing
MO Daming
GENG Feng
LIU Huanzhong
Abstract： Background The incidence of major depressive disorder（MDD）in adolescents is annually elevated. Non-suicidal self-injury（NSSI）is a common clinical manifestation of MDD. Evidence suggested that vitamin D and lipid levels are associated with MDD，but whether they are related to NSSI is unclear. Objective To compare the levels of 25（OH）D3 and blood lipids in MDD adolescents with or without NSSI behavior， and to explore their diagnostic value for NSSI. Methods A total of 129 MDD adolescents who received treatment in the Department of Psychiatry，Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University and the Fourth People's Hospital of Hefei from October 2020 to March 2022 were recruited. They were assigned into NSSI group （n=77）and non-NSSI group（n=52）based on the diagnostic criteria of NSSI in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， Fifth Edition （DSM-5）. The Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Inventory（PANSI），Insomnia Severity Index（ISI），and Center for Epidemiological Survey Depression Scale（CES-D）were used to evaluate the clinical symptoms. Fasting venous blood samples were collected to measure the levels of 25（OH）D3 and blood lipids， and compared between groups. In addition，multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify influencing factors for NSSI behavior in MDD adolescents. The diagnostic value of 25（OH）D3 and lipid levels in NSSI behaviors was assessed by plotting the receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curves. Results The age of the NSSI group was significantly lower than that of the non-NSSI group，whereas the total scores of PANSI，ISI，and CES-D were significantly higher than those of the non-NSSI group（P<0.05）. The level of 25（OH）D3 in the NSSI group was significantly lower than that in the non-NSSI group，whereas the levels of total cholesterol（TC），high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C），and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） were significantly higher than those in the non-NSSI group（P<0.05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that both LDL-C（OR=5.695，95%CI=2.422-13.388，P<0.001）and 25（OH）D3（OR=0.871，95%CI=0.768-0.987，P<0.05） were the influencing factors of MDD adolescents with NSSI. The area under curve（AUC）of LDL-C and 25（OH）D3 levels in assessing the risk of developing NSSI behavior in MDD adolescents was 0.73（95%CI=0.65-0.82，P<0.001）and 0.62 （95%CI=0.52-0.72，P=0.023），respectively. Their optimal cut-off value was 1.89 mmol/L and 19.15 μg/L，respectively. The AUC of 25（OH）D3 combined with LDL-C levels ［ln（p/1-p）=1.364X1-0.143X2-0.161，where X1 and X2 was LDL-C and 25（OH）D3，respectively］ in diagnosing NSSI behavior in MDD adolescents was 0.77（95%CI=0.69-0.85， P<0.001），with 77.92% of sensitivity and 67.31% of specificity. Conclusion 25（OH）D3 and lipid levels are out of normal ranges in MDD adolescents with NSSI. Measurement of LDL-C combined with 25（OH）D3 levels may provide information to predict the occurrence of NSSI behaviors in MDD adolescents. A regular measurement of LDL-C and 25（OH）D3 and a dynamic monitor is valuable to provide symptomatic supports.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2023-05-11 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Overweight/obese women are a growing population with high incidence of depression，anxiety and psychological abnormalities. Due to lack of effective responsive measures to emotions and behaviors，weight loss outcomes are often unsatisfactory in overweight/obese women with anxiety and depression. And less attention has been paid to weight loss outcomes and emotions in this group. Objective To explore the effect of daily self-weighing supported by online supervision on body composition and emotions in overweight/obese women with anxiety and depression. Methods A prospective，randomized，controlled study was conducted with 92 overweight/obese women with mild to moderate anxiety and depression voluntarily recruited from Beijing's Haidian District from October to December 2019. The subjects were randomized into an experimental group（n=46） and a control group（n=46） at a ratio of 1 ∶ 1，and treated with weight control interventions for three months：besides eating the appropriate food combinations with scientific and individualized guidance and excising rationally，the experimental group measured their body weight daily with online supervision from the special member of our research group and reported the data to the group，while the control group measured their body weight per month，which was collected by our research group through monthly telephone follow-up. Body composition measurement result，anxiety assessed using Self-Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS） and depression assessed using Self-Rating Depression Scale（SDS） were compared at baseline and three months after the intervention. Results All the participants completed the questionnaire assessment and follow-up. After the intervention，the control group had higher average body weight，BMI，body fat percentage and body fat as well as larger average visceral fat area than the experimental group（P<0.05）. Reduced body weight，BMI，body fat percentage，body fat and visceral fat area were seen in the experimental group after intervention（P<0.05）. The SAS score and SDS score in the experimental group were also lowered after intervention（P<0.05）. The average post-intervention scores of SAS and SDS in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion In overweight/obese women with anxiety and depression，daily self-weighing with online supervision contributes to weight and fat loss and the improvement of anxiety and depression symptoms，which is a simple，effective and safe intervention measure.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： As a worldwide public health challenge, depression negatively affects personal health and substantially increases the public burden of medical care. Prior research found a strong association between disrupted circadian rhythm and depression, suggesting the important role of chronotype in depression research. Individuals can be categorized into three general chronotypes: evening types (E-Types), morning types (M-Types), and neither type (N-Types). Most of studies show that evening types are independently associated with severe depressive symptoms, while morning types are a protective factor against depression. Behavioral mechanisms (such as emotion regulation) and neural mechanisms of amygdala and cingulate cortext may help us understand the effects of chronotype on depression. Future research should explore the sub-dimensions of chronotype, apply the prospective cohort design, and assess the proposed psychological and physiological mechanisms. In addition, the study has important implications to develop effective interventions to reduce depression.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2022-11-14 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background The recurrence rate of senile depression is high, but there is a lack of research on prevention of senile depression at home and abroad. In the early stage, the research group explored the risk factors of senile depression recurrence, and the controllable risk factors were poor medication compliance, less activity, and less eating. Objective To search, evaluate and summarize evidence for prevention of depression recurrence in the elderly based on the above three risk factors. Methods The relevant evidences of geriatric depression and geriatric diseases associated with depression were searched from Web of Science, Pubmed, Cochrane Library, USA Guide.com, British Guidebook, Website of Ontario Nursing Association (RNAO), Evidence-based Nursing Center of Fudan University, CNKI and other databases.Including guidelines,system evaluation, expert consensus, evidence summary, etc. The retrieval period from database construction to October 2021. The quality and evidence level were evaluated by researchers trained in evidence-based medicine systems. Results A total of 15 literatures were included, including 3 guidelines, 11 systematic reviews and 1 RCT. The overall quality of literatures was high. A total of 24 best evidences were collected from six aspects: pre-intervention assessment, diet and nutrition,exercise and rehabilitation training, social psychological intervention, medication compliance, and effect evaluation. Conclusion This study summarized the best evidence of prevention of senile depression relapse, patients with clinical medical staff should be comprehensive assessment, and combine the characteristics of the patients and diseases, about diet and nutrition, exercise and rehabilitation training, medication compliance guidance, social psychological intervention such as setting individualized intervention plan.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Granpareting is that grandparents take care of grandchildren and assume some or all of the responsibility for upbringing and education. Older parents often become caregivers when young couples are unable to care for their children for some reasons. Based on the researches available, effectiveness of grandparenting on grandparents' depression levels remains unclear. In addition, previous studies have ignored the influence of cultural backgrounds on the relationship between grandparenting and grandparents' depression levels. And differences of cultural background may explain why grandparents take care of their grandchildren and the consequence of grandparenting. Therefore, meta-analysis was used in this paper to explore the relationship between grandparenting and grandparents' depression levels in eastern cultures and western cultures respectively. We identified cross-sectional studies and case-control studies through Web of Science, EBSCO, PubMed, CNKI and Wangfang (from inception to June 29, 2021). Through literature retrieval, 22 articles met the inclusion criteria of this meta-analysis were selected and 22 independent effect sizes were synthesized. CMA3.0 software was used for the meta-analysis. We also applied the Effective Public Health Practice Project's (EPHPP) Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies to evaluate the quality of primary studies included in the meta-analysis. What's more, publication bias analysis showed that there was no publication bias. And the results of heterogeneity test suggested the use of random-effects model. Evidence from cross-sectional studies and case-control studies was synthesized as standardized mean differences which were used to compare the depression levels of grandparents who did and did not take care of grandchildren. The main-effect analysis showed that standardized mean differences (d) were -2.44 (95%CI: [-3.22, -1.67]) and 0.22 (95%CI: [0.04, 0.40]) in eastern cultures and western cultures respectively. Sensitivity analysis excluded one study with the greatest influence of heterogeneity in the two cultural backgrounds respectively and the effect size was no longer significant in eastern cultures (d= -0.05, 95%CI: [-0.18, 0.08]) and the effect size of western cultures had no significant change. In order to prevent the reliability of meta-analysis from being interfered by this abnormal study of eastern cultures, it was excluded in subsequent analysis. Because of the high level of heterogeneity, we used subgroup analysis and meta-regression to explore whether measurement tools of depression, study design, gender and marriage were potential moderators. Subgroup and meta-regression results showed that in eastern cultures, the type of depression measurement tools, the type of study design, gender and marriage had significant moderating effects. But in western cultures, the results showed that only measurement tools and study design do moderate. In conclusion, it is found that in eastern cultures, grandparenting has no significant effect on the depression levels of the elderly. However, it has a noteworthy negative effect on the depression levels of grandparents in the West. One possible explanation is the weakening of traditional cultural values in the context of eastern cultures and the role strain experienced by the elderly in the context of western cultures. The results of this meta-analysis contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between grandparenting and depression levels of the elderly. They also provide future empirical studies with a reference to explain depression levels of the elderly with grandparenting. However, eastern and western cultures can not represent all cultures, so further researches can focus on using more appropriate coding methods to explore the more precise and more detailed relationships between grandparenting and depression levels of the elderly.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： The ancient term "sense" is one of the most important topics in psychology. The brain receives information from the outside world through the visual, auditory, olfactory, taste, and tactile sensory channels. Different senses form human cognition and experience by converting information from the real world into electrical signals that the brain can process. Sensory deprivation occurs when the amount of sensory stimuli that a person receives decreases or falls below a normal threshold, and this change becomes a risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression. Therefore, different sensory impairments are involved in the central mechanism of depression, and appropriate stimulation based on different sensory channels and multi-sensory combined interventions may also play a significant role in its treatment. Among the effects of different sensory functions on mental health, depression has a greater proportion; however, the patient's disease type, age stage, gender difference (especially during pregnancy and postpartum period), and other factors can affect the susceptibility to depression. Yet, the sensory stimulation that the body receives is not “more is better”; excessive sensory stimulation will also lead to the imbalance of the body's sensory and emotional function, as blue light and noise over stimulation will induce depression. The appropriate sensory stimulation can be used as a "compensatory input" to effectively improve the symptoms and severity of depression.Taking "symptoms-brain region-mechanism-treatment" as the logical thread, the author systematically reviewed the clinical symptoms of depression, the neural mechanisms of depression, and the antidepressant treatments based on sensory stimulation for the first time in persons with five major sensory disorders. The results show that different sensory dysfunctions in the neural mechanisms related to depression may represent the different pathologies of depression, involving neuronal electrical activity (firing of certain neurons and activation of neural circuits, etc.) and neural biochemical changes (neuroplasticity and neurogenesis, inflammatory immunity and HPA axis, neurohormones and neurotransmitters, etc.); these mainly occur in the limbic system (amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, cingulate gyrus, and olfactory bulb) and its adjacent brain regions (lateral habenula nucleus, nucleus of solitary tract, superior colliculus), which involve the insular lobe, temporal lobe, frontal lobe, etc. The review found that individualized visual cortex transcranial magnetic stimulation, visual art therapy, transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation, frequency conversion music therapy, olfactory-based deep brain stimulation, intranasal administration, psychological behavioral therapy based on sugar intake, massage therapy with music and fragrance, and reiki therapy had good curative effects and few side effects for the improvement of depression symptoms, and were appropriate for clinical application.At present, the research on the relationship between sensory disorders as well as their treatment and neuropsychiatric diseases is still very immature, the research on the underlying mechanisms is still in the initial stage, and the development of relevant treatment methods is just beginning. There are still many problems that need to be clarified and solved. Future research should focus on the extraction of different sensory information, which will provide a new research perspective for the etiology and treatment of human depression. In the interdisciplinary context of physics, chemistry, psychology, biology and computer science, researchers should develop how to make reasonable assessments based on certain sensory parameters to assist the medical treatment of depression. For example, with the help of artificial intelligence technology, audio-visual sensory information will be digitized, more practical wearable devices will be invented, and virtual reality and augmented-reality technology will be accelerated to contribute to depression inquiry. In a word, the extraction of sensory information will help in the intervention and rehabilitation of mental diseases, and enable digital medicine, technological medicine, and precision medicine, to rewrite the model of traditional medical thinking, and promote humans into a new medical era.
submitted time 2023-03-25 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： The ancient term "sense" is one of the most important topics in psychology. The brain receives information from the outside world through the visual, auditory, olfactory, taste, and tactile sensory channels. Different senses form human cognition and experience by converting information from the real world into electrical signals that the brain can process. Sensory deprivation occurs when the amount of sensory stimuli that a person receives decreases or falls below a normal threshold, and this change becomes a risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression. Therefore, different sensory impairments are involved in the central mechanism of depression, and appropriate stimulation based on different sensory channels and multi-sensory combined interventions may also play a significant role in its treatment. Among the effects of different sensory functions on mental health, depression has a greater proportion; however, the patient's disease type, age stage, gender difference (especially during pregnancy and postpartum period), and other factors can affect the susceptibility to depression. Yet, the sensory stimulation that the body receives is not “more is better”; excessive sensory stimulation will also lead to the imbalance of the body's sensory and emotional function, as blue light and noise over stimulation will induce depression. The appropriate sensory stimulation can be used as a "compensatory input" to effectively improve the symptoms and severity of depression.Taking "symptoms-brain region-mechanism-treatment" as the logical thread, the author systematically reviewed the clinical symptoms of depression, the neural mechanisms of depression, and the antidepressant treatments based on sensory stimulation for the first time in persons with five major sensory disorders. The results show that different sensory dysfunctions in the neural mechanisms related to depression may represent the different pathologies of depression, involving neuronal electrical activity (firing of certain neurons and activation of neural circuits, etc.) and neural biochemical changes (neuroplasticity and neurogenesis, inflammatory immunity and HPA axis, neurohormones and neurotransmitters, etc.); these mainly occur in the limbic system (amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, cingulate gyrus, and olfactory bulb) and its adjacent brain regions (lateral habenula nucleus, nucleus of solitary tract, superior colliculus), which involve the insular lobe, temporal lobe, frontal lobe, etc. The review found that individualized visual cortex transcranial magnetic stimulation, visual art therapy, transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation, frequency conversion music therapy, olfactory-based deep brain stimulation, intranasal administration, psychological behavioral therapy based on sugar intake, massage therapy with music and fragrance, and reiki therapy had good curative effects and few side effects for the improvement of depression symptoms, and were appropriate for clinical application.At present, the research on the relationship between sensory disorders as well as their treatment and neuropsychiatric diseases is still very immature, the research on the underlying mechanisms is still in the initial stage, and the development of relevant treatment methods is just beginning. There are still many problems that need to be clarified and solved. Future research should focus on the extraction of different sensory information, which will provide a new research perspective for the etiology and treatment of human depression. In the interdisciplinary context of physics, chemistry, psychology, biology and computer science, researchers should develop how to make reasonable assessments based on certain sensory parameters to assist the medical treatment of depression. For example, with the help of artificial intelligence technology, audio-visual sensory information will be digitized, more practical wearable devices will be invented, and virtual reality and augmented-reality technology will be accelerated to contribute to depression inquiry. In a word, the extraction of sensory information will help in the intervention and rehabilitation of mental diseases, and enable digital medicine, technological medicine, and precision medicine, to rewrite the model of traditional medical thinking, and promote humans into a new medical era.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2022-03-04
Abstract：
The effectiveness of grandparenting on grandparents’ depression remains unclear. This paper aimed to verify the hypothesis that grandparenting would relieve grandparents’ depression in eastern cultures while worsen their depression in western cultures. We identified studies through Web of Science, EBSCO, PubMed, CNKI and Wangfang (from inception to June 29, 2021). We did separate random-effects meta-analysis for eastern cultures and western cultures. Evidence from cross-sectional studies and case-control studies was synthesized as standardized mean differences which were used to compare the depression levels of grandparents who did and did not take care of grandchildren. Through literature retrieval, 22 articles and 22 independent effect sizes that met the inclusion criteria of meta-analysis were selected. The results of publication bias analysis illustrated no publication bias. Main-effect analysis indicated a non-significant effect size (d=–0.05, 95%CI=[–0.18, 0.08]) in eastern cultures while a slight effect size (d=0.22, 95%CI=[0.04, 0.40]) in western cultures. Further moderation analysis revealed that the association between grandparenting and depression was moderated by measurement tools, study design, gender and marriage in eastern cultures, but in western cultures, only measurement tools and study design do moderate.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2020-06-20
Abstract： As a worldwide public health challenge, depression negatively affects personal health and substantially increases the public burden of medical care. Prior research found a strong association between disrupted circadian rhythm and depression, suggesting the important role of chronotype in depression research. Individuals can be categorized into three general chronotypes: evening types (E-Types), morning types (M-Types), and neither type (N-Types). Most of studies show that evening types are independently associated with severe depressive symptoms, while morning types are a protective factor against depression. Behavioral mechanisms (such as emotion regulation) and neural mechanisms of amygdala and cingulate cortext may help us understand the effects of chronotype on depression. Future research should explore the sub-dimensions of chronotype, apply the prospective cohort design, and assess the proposed psychological and physiological mechanisms. In addition, the study has important implications to develop effective interventions to reduce depression.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology submitted time 2020-06-20
Abstract： As a worldwide public health challenge, depression negatively affects personal health and substantially increases the public burden of medical care. Prior research found a strong association between disrupted circadian rhythm and depression, suggesting the important role of chronotype in depression research. Individuals can be categorized into three general chronotypes: evening types (E-Types), morning types (M-Types), and neither type (N-Types). Most of studies show that evening types are independently associated with severe depressive symptoms, while morning types are a protective factor against depression. Behavioral mechanisms (such as emotion regulation) and neural mechanisms of amygdala and cingulate cortext may help us understand the effects of chronotype on depression. Future research should explore the sub-dimensions of chronotype, apply the prospective cohort design, and assess the proposed psychological and physiological mechanisms. In addition, the study has important implications to develop effective interventions to reduce depression.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2018-04-08 Cooperative journals: 《协和医学杂志》
Abstract：SAPHO综合征发病率低于1/10000，尚无明确治疗方案[6]。躯体疾病合并抑郁障碍（major depressive disorder，MDD）近年逐渐受到临床医生的关注和重视[7]，目前尚无关于SAPHO综合征患者合并MDD的相关研究和报道。本研究探讨SAPHO综合征患者合并MDD的发生率和危险因素。
Subjects: Psychology >> Applied Psychology Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Application Technology submitted time 2018-03-05
Abstract：[目的] 利用微博大数据探索熬夜和焦虑、抑郁情绪的关系。 [方法] 本研究根据微博用户在夜间的活动状态, 把100万活跃用户分为熬夜组和非熬夜组，比较两组用户在所发微博中出现的体现焦虑和抑郁情绪的相关词词频。 [结果] 独立样本t检验结果显示，熬夜组的焦虑相关词词频显著高于非熬夜组，t=36.86，p<0.001；熬夜组的抑郁相关词词频显著高于非熬夜组，t=49.71，p<0.001。 [局限] 词频分析与用心理测量量表测量抑郁和焦虑的情感无法完全等同，基于大数据的词频分析虽然提供了一种高效的分析方法，但不能完全替代严格的心理测量。 [结论] 入睡时间过晚会影响睡眠质量；熬夜人群更容易受到焦虑和抑郁情绪的困扰。
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Reward processing abnormalities are prominent in the clinical presentation of patients with major depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Reward processing comprises a dynamic set of cognitive component processes that may occur temporally adjacent to each other. Event-related potentials (ERPs), as one of the most commonly used tools to assess cognitive processing with a high temporal resolution, is a useful method to investigate complex, multifaceted constructs composed of the substages of reward processing. However, ERP research in psychiatric conditions has typically focused on a single component of reward processing rather than capturing the dynamics of reward processing. Reward processing can be decomposed into two temporally distinct stages: reward-anticipation and outcome-evaluation, each of which is associated with different ERP components (i.e., reward-anticipation: cue-related N2 and P3, stimulus-preceding negativity or SPN and contingent-negative variation or CNV; outcome-evaluation: feedback-related negativity or FRN/reward positive or RewP, feedback-related P3 or FB-P3 and the late positive potential or FB-LPP), and abnormal activities of these ERPs are closely related to transdiagnostic psychiatric symptoms. Attenuated cue-related N2 (associated with conflict detection) and cue-related P3 (associated with attention allocation) during reward-anticipation stage and blunted FRN/RewP (an initial reactivity to receipt of feedback) and FB-LPP (a sustained processing of motivationally salient stimuli) during outcome-evaluation stage could be found in patients with major depression compared to healthy controls, suggesting a reduced reward sensitivity in patients with depression. For CNV (associated with motor preparation), SPN (associated with anticipation feedback), and FB-P3 (associated with the evaluation of feedback), no consistent findings emerge in previous depression studies. Patients with schizophrenia exhibit abnormal activities of cue-related N2, cue-related P3 and SPN during reward-anticipation stage, and evidences of abnormal ERPs activities are inconclusive during outcome-evaluation stage. Currently few studies have investigated the reward-related ERP components in patients with bipolar disorder. Preliminary findings suggest that patients with bipolar disorder might have enhanced FRN activities during different stages of disease development. Further research should carefully consider some factors which might have an influence on the results, such as small samples, different experimental paradigms and data analysis methods, and the disease state of patients. In conclusion, utilizing multistage experimental designs and implementing multicomponent analyses hold great promise to investigate neurophysiological abnormalities during different stages of reward processing in psychiatric disorders.
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2019-09-19
Abstract： Because of the lack of disease awareness in depressed patients and the lack of early screening methods, most patients had developed to major depressive disorder when they were first diagnosed with depression. In order to improve the current situation, machine learning has been gradually used in some aspects of depression recently years, including early prediction, early recognition, auxiliary diagnosis, and treatment. In the application, the factors that affect the accuracy of machine learning model include the type and size of sample set, feature engineering, algorithm type, etc. In the future, machine learning should be further integrated into the health care system and mobile applications, continuously optimizing the machine learning model, fully mining patient health data to improve depression-related problems in terms of the prevention, identification, diagnosis, treatment and so on.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2018-01-25 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To investigate the changes in the population and distribution intestinal microflora and their relationship with depression in post-stroke patients. Method Fecal specimens were obtained from 32 patients with post-stroke depression and 30 healthy adults for gene sequencing of 16S RNA V3 region of the intestinal microorganism using Roche/45 high-throughput sequencing platform. Results The genus and species of intestinal bacteria showed significant differences between the post-stroke patients and health adults. Conclusion Significant changes in the structure of intestinal flora occur in patientswithpost-strokedepression.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2024-02-20 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Whether considering the cumulative effect of sustained C-reactive protein（CRP）and distinguishing different aspects of depressive symptoms may be the reasons for the inconsistent conclusions of previous studies on the association between CRP and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older adults. The relationship between cumulative effects of CRP elevations and different aspects of depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults in China is not well understood. Objective This study aims to examine the relationship between cumulative episodes of CRP elevations over two successive determinations and depressive symptoms，as well as somatic and non-somatic retardation，among Chinese middle-aged and older adults. Methods This study used public data from the 2011-2018 Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study（CHARLS）and included 3 868 subjects. They were categorized based on the frequency of CRP elevations over two consecutive measurements："elevated on zero occasion"（n=2 918），"elevated on one occasion"（n=763），and "elevated on two occasions"（n=187）. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale（CESD-10）in 2011，2015，and 2018，capturing both somatic and non-somatic dimensions. Multiple linear was used to explore the associations between cumulative episodes of CRP elevations over two successive determinations with depressive symptom scores in 2018，as well as the scores of somatic and non-somatic components separately. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the effects of cumulative episodes of CRP elevations on the risk of depressive symptoms in 2018. Results The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting for all covariates，elevated on two occasions compared with elevated on zero occasion，which was an influential factor for the total score of depressive symptoms（β=1.22，P<0.05）， the score of somatic depressive symptoms（β=0.51，P<0.05） and the score of non-somatic symptoms（β=0.71，P<0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for all covariates，elevated on two occasions were associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms than elevated on zero occasion（OR=1.64，95%CI=1.18-2.29）. Conclusion Among Chinese middle-aged and older adults，there is a positive association between cumulative effects of CRP elevations and depressive symptoms，encompassing both somatic and non-somatic retardation. Addressing chronic inflammation and treating chronic inflammatory diseases promptly may help mitigate depression risk.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： In recent years, researchers have begun to study the causes of depression from the perspective of social identity (The Social Identity Approach). These studies suggested two broad categories: single-multiple and static-dynamic. Single-multiple refers to whether researchers focus on the degree of individual identification with a particular group or the number of groups that individuals identify with when examining social identity. Static-dynamic focuses on an individual's identity at a specific time or an identity change before and after life transitions (such as further education, immigration, and others). Therefore, the investigation of social identity can be divided into four situations: static single (identity degree), dynamic single (identity importance), static multiple (identity group number), and dynamic multiple (identity change). They had a positive effect on depression overall. However, the importance of identity in stigmatized groups and its loss in changes worsen depression. Regarding mediating mechanisms, researchers believe that social identity can alleviate depression by satisfying needs. Furthermore, it can reduce it by changing individuals' cognition and behavior. These mediating factors can be divided into three aspects: need, cognition, and behavior.Regarding theoretical explanation, Haslam et al. (2009) were the first to propose using the social identity perspective to explain mental health phenomena explicitly. They regarded this field as an important research trend. Four theories have been proposed to explain the relationship between social identity and depression. First, the Social Cure proposes that the psychological resources associated with group identity have a protective effect on individual mental health. Second, the Social Identity Model of Depression is the first to define it from a social identity perspective, proposing four key psychological resources (meaning, social influence, social support, and belonging) for depression. Third, the Social Identity Model of Identity Change shifts to a dynamic perspective, arguing that social identity continuity and gain pathway plays an essential role in life change. Finally, the hierarchical interaction model emphasizes that social identity has different levels, and these have various underlying psychological mechanisms.Future research should be carried out from three aspects. (1) In the deep influence mechanism of social identity on depression, we should examine whether it increases an individual's interpersonal support and sense of belonging. However, more importantly, we should examine whether the meaning (target, significance, and values) and influence (such as group norms) are beneficial to physical and mental health. When the group's meaning and influence are detrimental to an individual's physical and mental health, social support and a sense of belonging can increase this detrimental effect, leading to increased depression. (2) Use empirical research to test the moderating factors proposed by previous theoretical explanations from three aspects: individual, group, and intergroup. Examples include group type (category/interaction group), normative content (positive/negative), identity compatibility, and the role of group performance. (3) Construct an agency-communion model of social identity affecting depression. This model could simultaneously explain the four pathways of social identity's influence on depression, simplifying psychological resources into agency (meaning and social influence) and communion (social support and sense of belonging). Their mediating effects correspond one-to-one with the four situations of social identity. The model proposes the moderating role of the content of agency psychological resources, such as the meaning and social influence are detrimental to individual physical and mental health, the performance of group "failures," and the conflict of multiple identities.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Depression is a major problem in the modern society. The pathogenesis of depression is a research hotspot in the field of neuroscience. The proved mechanisms of depression include monoamine neurotransmitter hypothesis, gene-environment interaction, neurogenesis, neuroplasticity, immune activation and suppression, etc. With the deepening of research, the roles of "brain-gut interaction", "muscle-brain crosstalk", and adipocytokines in the sports antidepressant field has been discovered. As an endocrine organ, the role of bone tissue in anti-depressive exercise remains to be revealed. Based on this, this research innovatively explores the biological effects and mechanisms of uncarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOCN) in exercise anti-depression from the perspective of “bone-brain crosstalk”, and further reveals the relationship between bone endocrine activity and the molecular regulation of sports antidepressant. ucOCN is a specific non-collagen protein secreted by osteoblasts (OB). After entering the blood, it acts on the hippocampus, cingulate gyrus and other brain tissues, and triggers a cascade reaction through targeting cell membrane receptors to regulate neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity and bone endocrine-nerve response system. Exercise promotes the secretion of ucOCN and has a significant antidepressant effect, but there are few studies focusing on the molecular mechanism. Based on integrated biological theory and bone endocrine function, through analysis of current research, we found several mechanisms by which ucOCN mediating exercise antidepressant. Firstly, ucOCN regulates neurotransmitters expression: exercise induces high expression of ucOCN which inhibits γ-amino groups butyric acid (GABA) expression to improve depression-like behavior. Secondly, ucOCN regulates neuroendocrine secretion: ucOCN activates the HPA axis to promote adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), mineralocorticoid, cortisol and other secretions to improve depression-like behavior. In addition, ucOCN also activates G protein-coupled receptors 158 (Gpr158)/brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway to promote neurotransmitter secretion and further regulate depression occurring. Thirdly, ucOCN regulates neuroimmunity: ucOCN activates the ERK and STAT pathways and down-regulates the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in the hippocampus, and then through malondialdehyde (MDA)/super up-regulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD)/nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1(HO1) pathway to increase expression of VGF and BDNF, which further improve depression-like behaviors. Taken together, these results provide a solid theoretical basis for the mechanism of ucOCN in sports anti-depression. We also provides new research directions and ideas for sports anti-depression, and provide a new perspective for enriching the biological mechanism network of sports brain.
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