Subjects: Nursing >> Nursing submitted time 2024-06-24
Abstract：本文总结一例中西医结合治疗支原体肺炎患儿的护理经验，探讨针对支原体肺炎的有效护理策略。予患儿中西医治疗的同时，遵循整体观念，在一般护理的基础上，运用穴位贴敷、超声药物透入、穴位按摩等中医特色护理技术，取得了良好的治疗效果。本案例强调中西医结合治疗与护理在提高患者康复率、减少并发症中的重要性，以期为临床护理实践作参考。
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2024-06-24 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： The accessibility and quality of ambulatory care（including outpatient and emergency services in primary care facilities，hospitals and other healthcare facilities） determine the efficiency of overall health care system and population health. Ambulatory care is also the core component of continuing care in an aging society. The concept of ambulatory care sensitive conditions（ACSCs） was firstly introduced by American researchers in 1990s. Since then，hospitalization for ambulatory care sensitive conditions（ACSHs） was widely used to evaluate the accessibility and quality of ambulatory care. In recent years， research on ACSH has gradually attracted the attention of scholars from all over the world，and preliminary research evidence from China indicated that the issue should not be ignored. This paper firstly introduces the origin of the concept of ACSH，then identifies the mixing concepts such as ACSH，avoidable hospitalization and inappropriate hospital admission，systematically summarizes the cutting-edge international identification criteria of ACSH，and finally discusses the policy value of ACSH as an indicator in the context of domestic and international research advances，clarifies the problems that should be noted in the identification of ACSCs in China，proposes strategies to reduce ACSH.
Subjects: Nuclear Science and Technology >> Radiation Protection Technology Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2024-06-23
Abstract： The impact of the radiation dose produced by 222Rn/220Rn and its progeny on human health has garnered
increasing interest in the nuclear research field. The establishment of robust, regulatory, and competent 220Rn
chambers is crucial for accurately measuring radioactivity levels. However, studying the uniformity of the 220Rn
progeny through experimental methods is challenging, because measuring the concentration of 220Rn and its
progeny in multiple spatial locations simultaneously and in real time using experimental methods is difficult.
Therefore, achieving precise control of the concentration of 220Rn and its progeny as well as the reliable sampling
of the progeny pose significant challenges. To solve this problem, this study uses computational fluid dynamics
to obtain the flow-field data of the 220Rn chamber under different wind speeds and progeny-replenishment rates.
Qualitative analysis of the concentration distribution of the progeny and quantitative analysis of the progeny
concentration and uniformity of the progeny concentration are conducted. The research findings indicated
that the progeny-concentration level is primarily influenced by wind speed and the progeny-complement rate.
Wind speed also plays a crucial role in determining progeny-concentration uniformity, whereas the progeny-
complement rate has minimal impact on uniformity. To ensure the accuracy of 220Rn progeny-concentration
sampling, we propose a methodology for selecting an appropriate sampling area based on varying progeny
concentrations. This study holds immense importance for enhancing the regulation and measurement standards
of 220Rn and its progeny.
Subjects: Nursing >> Nursing submitted time 2024-06-21
Abstract： A case of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was reported. Medical treatment according to the patient’s condition, give patients a variety of nursing intervention, nursing points including disease observation, symptomatic nursing treatment, put forward nursing problems, nursing objectives to give patients the corresponding nursing measures. Through the joint efforts of the nursing team, the patient achieved the desired effect, the vital signs were stable, the condition was controlled, the quality of life was improved, and the patient was discharged.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Nursing >> Nursing submitted time 2024-06-21
Abstract： This paper summarises the experience of combined traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing care after Whipple reconstruction of pancreatic head duodenectomy in a rare SPN patient. On the basis of high-quality personalised nursing care for the patient during the perioperative period, based on the theory of meridian qi and blood operation, the use of acupuncture point embedded needles combined with acupressure to stimulate specific acupoints on the meridian, and the emotional conditioning and traditional Chinese medicine patch, to promote the operation of qi and blood to achieve the balance of yin and yang of the organism, so as to improve the gastrointestinal function of the patient and the negative emotions, accelerate the recovery process of the patient, and achieve a good clinical effect of nursing care, which is worth clinical reference. It is worthy of clinical reference.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2024-06-21
Abstract： Faces and gaze direction are essential cues in interpersonal interactions. Examining how infants, especially newborns, process faces and gaze direction enhances our understanding of the origins and development of human social abilities. A review of existing literature shows that neonates (0~28 days old) generally prefer human faces and direct gaze, while infants around 3 months old begin to follow gaze direction. Brain imaging studies have revealed that infants older than 3 months exhibit neural responses to faces and gaze processing similar to those of adults. Future research could further explore neonatal preference for face and direct gaze, as well as gaze following in infants, using various brain imaging techniques, particularly novel magnetoencephalography, to uncover the neural basis of infants’ innate sensitivity to human faces and eye gaze, and the cognitive mechanisms influenced by acquired experience.
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics Subjects: Engineering and technical science >> Engineering General Technology submitted time 2024-06-21
Abstract： For tracking and tagging the cosmic-ray muon (CR-muon), the Taishan Antineutrino Observatory (TAO) experiment is equipped with a top veto tracker (TVT) system composed of 160 modules, each consisting of plastic scintillator (PS) strip as target material, embedded wavelength shifting fiber (WLS-fiber) as photon collection and transmission medium, and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) at both ends as read-out. This article introduces the unique design of the module and reports the excellent performance of all modules, providing guidance and important reference for the process design of scintillation detectors with WLS-fibers. In general, when the CR-muon hits the center of plastic scintillator and without optical grease, the most probable value of the signal amplitude at one end of the PS strip is greater than 40.8 p.e. and 51.5 p.e. for all the 2 m-length modules and 1.5 m-length modules respectively. The CR-muon tagging efficiency of PS module is measured to be more than 99.3%, which meets the requirement of TAO.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2024-06-21 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区科学》
Abstract： To comprehensively evaluate the alterations in water ecosystem service functions within arid watersheds, this study focused on the Bosten Lake Basin, which is situated in the arid region of Northwest China. The research was based on land use/land cover (LULC), natural, socioeconomic, and accessibility data, utilizing the Patch-level Land Use Simulation (PLUS) and Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) models to dynamically assess LULC change and associated variations in water yield and water conservation. The analyses included the evaluation of contribution indices of various land use types and the investigation of driving factors that influence water yield and water conservation. The results showed that the change of LULC in the Bosten Lake Basin from 2000 to 2020 showed a trend of increasing in cultivated land and construction land, and decreasing in grassland, forest, and unused land. The unused land of all the three predicted scenarios of 2030 (S1, a natural development scenario; S2, an ecological protection scenario; and S3, a cultivated land protection scenario) showed a decreasing trend. The scenarios S1 and S3 showed a trend of decreasing in grassland and increasing in cultivated land; while the scenario S2 showed a trend of decreasing in cultivated land and increasing in grassland. The water yield of the Bosten Lake Basin exhibited an initial decline followed by a slight increase from 2000 to 2020. The areas with higher water yield values were primarily located in the northern section of the basin, which is characterized by higher altitude. Water conservation demonstrated a pattern of initial decrease followed by stabilization, with the northeastern region demonstrating higher water conservation values. In the projected LULC scenarios of 2030, the estimated water yield under scenarios S1 and S3 was marginally greater than that under scenario S2; while the level of water conservation across all three scenarios remained rather consistent. The results showed that Hejing County is an important water conservation function zone, and the eastern part of the Xiaoyouledusi Basin is particularly important and should be protected. The findings of this study offer a scientific foundation for advancing sustainable development in arid watersheds and facilitating efficient water resource management.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geology submitted time 2024-06-21 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区科学》
Abstract： Quantifying surface cracks in alpine meadows is a prerequisite and a key aspect in the study of grassland crack development. Crack characterization indices are crucial for the quantitative characterization of complex cracks, serving as vital factors in assessing the degree of cracking and the development morphology. So far, research on evaluating the degree of grassland degradation through crack characterization indices is rare, especially the quantitative analysis of the development of surface cracks in alpine meadows is relatively scarce. Therefore, based on the phenomenon of surface cracking during the degradation of alpine meadows in some regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, we selected the alpine meadow in the Huangcheng Mongolian Township, Menyuan Hui Autonomous County, Qinghai Province, China as the study area, used unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sensing technology to acquire low-altitude images of alpine meadow surface cracks at different degrees of degradation (light, medium, and heavy degradation), and analyzed the representative metrics characterizing the degree of crack development by interpreting the crack length, length density, branch angle, and burrow (rat hole) distribution density and combining them with in situ crack width and depth measurements. Finally, the correlations between the crack characterization indices and the soil and root parameters of sample plots at different degrees of degradation in the study area were analyzed using the grey relation analysis. The results revealed that with the increase of degradation, the physical and chemical properties of soil and the mechanical properties of root-soil composite changed significantly, the vegetation coverage reduced, and the root system aggregated in the surface layer of alpine meadow. As the degree of degradation increased, the fracture morphology developed from "linear" to "dendritic", and eventually to a complex and irregular "polygonal" pattern. The crack length, width, depth, and length density were identified as the crack characterization indices via analysis of variance. The results of grey relation analysis also revealed that the crack length, width, depth, and length density were all highly correlated with root length density, and as the degradation of alpine meadows intensified, the underground biomass increased dramatically, forming a dense layer of grass felt, which has a significant impact on the formation and expansion of cracks.
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2024-06-21 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区科学》
Abstract： Nature reserves play a significant role in providing ecosystem services and are key sites for biodiversity conservation. The Tianchi Bogda Peak Natural Reserve (TBPNR), located in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, is an important ecological barrier area in the temperate arid zone. The evaluation of its important ecosystem services is of great significance to improve the management level and ecological protection efficiency of the reserve. In the present study, we assessed the spatiotemporal variations of four ecosystem services (including net primary productivity (NPP), water yield, soil conservation, and habitat quality) in the TBPNR from 2000 to 2020 based on the environmental and social data using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST) model. In addition, the coldspot and hotspot areas of ecosystem services were identified by hotspot analysis, and the trade-off and synergistic relationships between ecosystem services were analyzed using factor analysis in a geographic detector. During the study period, NPP and soil conservation values in the reserve increased by 48.20% and 25.56%, respectively; conversely, water yield decreased by 16.56%, and there was no significant change in habitat quality. Spatially, both NPP and habitat quality values were higher in the northern part and lower in the southern part, whereas water yield showed an opposite trend. Correlation analysis revealed that NPP showed a synergistic relationship with habitat quality and soil conservation, and exhibited a trade-off relationship with water yield. Water yield and habitat quality also had a trade-off relationship. NPP and habitat quality were affected by annual average temperature and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), respectively, while water yield and soil conservation were more affected by digital elevation model (DEM). Therefore, attention should be paid to the spatial distribution and dynamics of trade-off and synergistic relationships between ecosystem services in future ecological management. The findings of the present study provide a reference that could facilitate the sustainable utilization of ecosystem services in the typical fragile areas of Northwest China.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Hydrology submitted time 2024-06-21 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区科学》
Abstract： Understanding the dynamics of surface water area and their drivers is crucial for human survival and ecosystem stability in inland arid and semi-arid areas. This study took Gansu Province, China, a typical area with complex terrain and variable climate, as the research subject. Based on Google Earth Engine, we used Landsat data and the Open-surface Water Detection Method with Enhanced Impurity Control method to monitor the spatiotemporal dynamics of surface water area in Gansu Province from 1985 to 2022, and quantitatively analyzed the main causes of regional differences in surface water area. The findings revealed that surface water area in Gansu Province expanded by 406.88 km2 from 1985 to 2022. Seasonal surface water area exhibited significant fluctuations, while permanent surface water area showed a steady increase. Notably, terrestrial water storage exhibited a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, correlated with the dynamics of surface water area. Climate change and human activities jointly affected surface hydrological processes, with the impact of climate change being slightly higher than that of human activities. Spatially, climate change affected the 'source' of surface water to a greater extent, while human activities tended to affect the 'destination' of surface water. Challenges of surface water resources faced by inland arid and semi-arid areas like Gansu Province are multifaceted. Therefore, we summarized the surface hydrology patterns typical in inland arid and semi-arid areas and tailored surface water 'supply-demand' balance strategies. The study not only sheds light on the dynamics of surface water area in Gansu Province, but also offers valuable insights for ecological protection and surface water resource management in inland arid and semi-arid areas facing water scarcity.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Atmospheric Sciences submitted time 2024-06-21 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区科学》
Abstract： Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) plays a crucial role in determining plant physiological functions and exerts a substantial influence on vegetation, second only to carbon dioxide (CO2). As a robust indicator of atmospheric water demand, VPD has implications for global water resources, and its significance extends to the structure and functioning of ecosystems. However, the influence of VPD on vegetation growth under climate change remains unclear in China. This study employed empirical equations to estimate the VPD in China from 2000 to 2020 based on meteorological reanalysis data of the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Time-Series version 4.06 (TS4.06) and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis 5 (ERA-5). Vegetation growth status was characterized using three vegetation indices, namely gross primary productivity (GPP), leaf area index (LAI), and near-infrared reflectance of vegetation (NIRv). The spatiotemporal dynamics of VPD and vegetation indices were analyzed using the Theil-Sen median trend analysis and Mann-Kendall test. Furthermore, the influence of VPD on vegetation growth and its relative contribution were assessed using a multiple linear regression model. The results indicated an overall negative correlation between VPD and vegetation indices. Three VPD intervals for the correlations between VPD and vegetation indices were identified: a significant positive correlation at VPD below 4.820 hPa, a significant negative correlation at VPD within 4.820–9.000 hPa, and a notable weakening of negative correlation at VPD above 9.000 hPa. VPD exhibited a pronounced negative impact on vegetation growth, surpassing those of temperature, precipitation, and solar radiation in absolute magnitude. CO2 contributed most positively to vegetation growth, with VPD offsetting approximately 30.00% of the positive effect of CO2. As the rise of VPD decelerated, its relative contribution to vegetation growth diminished. Additionally, the intensification of spatial variations in temperature and precipitation accentuated the spatial heterogeneity in the impact of VPD on vegetation growth in China. This research provides a theoretical foundation for addressing climate change in China, especially regarding the challenges posed by increasing VPD
Subjects: Geosciences >> Atmospheric Sciences submitted time 2024-06-21 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区科学》
Abstract： Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas that has a substantial impact on global warming due to its substantial influence on the greenhouse effect. Increasing extreme precipitation events, such as drought, attributable to global warming that caused by greenhouse gases, exert a profound impact on the intricate biological processes associated with CH4 uptake. Notably, the timing of extreme drought occurrence emerges as a pivotal factor influencing CH4 uptake, even when the degree of drought remains constant. However, it is still unclear how the growing season regulates the response of CH4 uptake to extreme drought. In an effort to bridge this knowledge gap, we conducted a field manipulative experiment to evaluate the impact of extreme drought on CH4 uptake during early, middle, and late growing stages in a temperate steppe of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. The result showed that all extreme drought consistently exerted positive effects on CH4 uptake regardless of seasonal timing. However, the magnitude of this effect varied depending on the timing of season, as evidenced by a stronger effect in early growing stage than in middle and late growing stages. Besides, the pathways of CH4 uptake were different from seasonal timing. Extreme drought affected soil physical-chemical properties and aboveground biomass (AGB), consequently leading to changes in CH4 uptake. The structural equation model showed that drought both in the early and middle growing stages enhanced CH4 uptake due to reduced soil water content (SWC), leading to a decrease in NO3–-N and an increase in pmoA abundance. However, drought in late growing stage primarily enhanced CH4 uptake only by decreasing SWC. Our results suggested that seasonal timing significantly contributed to regulate the impacts of extreme drought pathways and magnitudes on CH4 uptake. The findings can provide substantial implications for understanding how extreme droughts affect CH4 uptake and improve the prediction of potential ecological consequence under future climate change.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Hydrology submitted time 2024-06-21 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区科学》
Abstract： Over the last three decades, more than half of the world's large lakes and wetlands have experienced significant shrinkage, primarily due to climate change and extensive water consumption for agriculture and other human needs. The desiccation of lakes leads to severe environmental, economic, and social repercussions. Urmia Lake, located in northwestern Iran and representing a vital natural ecosystem, has experienced a volume reduction of over 90.0%. Our research evaluated diverse water management strategies within the Urmia Lake basin and prospects of inter-basin water transfers. This study focused on strategies to safeguard the environmental water rights of the Urmia Lake by utilizing the modeling and simulating (MODSIM) model. The model simulated changes in the lake's water volume under various scenarios. These included diverting water from incoming rivers, cutting agricultural water use by 40.0%, releasing dam water in non-agricultural seasons, treated wastewater utilization, and inter-basin transfers. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was utilized to analyze the simulation results. Expert opinions with AHP analysis, acted as a multi-criteria decision-making tool to evaluate the simulation and determine the optimal water supply source priority for the Urmia Lake. Our findings underscore the critical importance of reducing agricultural water consumption as the foremost step in preserving the lake. Following this, inter-basin water transfers are suggested, with a detailed consideration of the inherent challenges and limitations faced by the source watersheds. It is imperative to conduct assessments on the impacts of these transfers on the downstream users and the potential environmental risks, advocating for a diplomatic and cooperative approach with adjacent country. This study also aims to forecast the volumes of water that can be transferred under different climatic conditions—drought, normal, and wet years—to inform strategic water management planning for the Urmia Lake. According to our projection, implementing the strategic scenarios outlined could significantly augment the lake's level and volume, potentially by 3.57×109–9.38×109 m3 over the coming 10 a and 3.57×109–10.70×109 m3 in the subsequent 15 a.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Atmospheric Sciences submitted time 2024-06-21 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区科学》
Abstract： Stable water isotopes are natural tracers quantifying the contribution of moisture recycling to local precipitation, i.e., the moisture recycling ratio, but various isotope-based models usually lead to different results, which affects the accuracy of local moisture recycling. In this study, a total of 18 stations from four typical areas in China were selected to compare the performance of isotope-based linear and Bayesian mixing models and to determine local moisture recycling ratio. Among the three vapor sources including advection, transpiration, and surface evaporation, the advection vapor usually played a dominant role, and the contribution of surface evaporation was less than that of transpiration. When the abnormal values were ignored, the arithmetic averages of differences between isotope-based linear and the Bayesian mixing models were 0.9% for transpiration, 0.2% for surface evaporation, and –1.1% for advection, respectively, and the medians were 0.5%, 0.2%, and –0.8%, respectively. The importance of transpiration was slightly less for most cases when the Bayesian mixing model was applied, and the contribution of advection was relatively larger. The Bayesian mixing model was found to perform better in determining an efficient solution since linear model sometimes resulted in negative contribution ratios. Sensitivity test with two isotope scenarios indicated that the Bayesian model had a relatively low sensitivity to the changes in isotope input, and it was important to accurately estimate the isotopes in precipitation vapor. Generally, the Bayesian mixing model should be recommended instead of a linear model. The findings are useful for understanding the performance of isotope-based linear and Bayesian mixing models under various climate backgrounds.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Application Technology submitted time 2024-06-21
Abstract： With the development of pre-trained language models(PLMs), the methods have been immediately applied to the field classification of scientific and technological literature. They make the much more better performance than the traditional Natural Language Processing methods in similar tasks. The Scientific and Technological Achievements are similar to the literature. Both of them have the highly concise titles, and detailed introductions. At the same time, there are unique features of Scientific and Technological Achievements, e.g. the introduction will introduce the origination and background of the project, the application status, the awards, etc., while the literatures are usually highly focused on the research content. This feature makes it much more difficult to make correct predictions based on PLMs classification methods. Based on the pre-trained BERT model(RoBERTa), we have constructed an automatic Indexing system of Chinese Library Classification for the Scientific and Technological Achievements. We introduced a decoding method to enhance the prediction process, which is inspired by the generative Large Language Models. The method converts the original classification problem to a decoding problem, which not only improves the accuracy of prediction, but also enables dynamic predictions to the required levels. To meet the requirements of accuracy, thresholds can be set on the accumulated probability of predicted chain and its terminal node to make trade-offs between reliability and depth of the classification tree.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology submitted time 2024-06-20
Abstract： Large quantities of suboptimal food, which contain defects but are perfectly safe for consumption, are wasted. Commercializing suboptimal food has become an important strategy in reducing food waste. However, experimental outcomes regarding the effectiveness of marketing intervention strategies for suboptimal food have exhibited inconsistency. This study adopted a meta-analysis approach to review empirical research on marketing intervention strategies for suboptimal food. It examined the effectiveness of cognitive-oriented and affective-oriented marketing intervention strategies in influencing consumer evaluations and purchase intentions towards suboptimal food. Additionally, the study aimed to identify variables that may impact the effectiveness of these strategies. In total, 32 relevant primary studies were included, comprising 94 effect sizes from 57 independent samples. The study showed that both cognitive-oriented and affective-oriented marketing intervention strategies could effectively improve consumers’ positive evaluations and willingness to purchase suboptimal food with a moderate level of efficacy. Moreover, affective-oriented strategies demonstrated a better intervention effect compared to cognitive-oriented ones. Factors such as suboptimal food characteristics, marketing features, and customer characteristics were found to moderate the effectiveness of these interventions. This study provided valuable insights for food-related enterprises and food policy makers regarding the effectiveness of marketing interventions for suboptimal food.
Subjects: Nursing >> Nursing submitted time 2024-06-20
Abstract： This article summarizes the nursing rounds experience of a patient with cerebral infarction who received early rehabilitation training. The responsible nurse and the supervising doctor will introduce the patient’s condition and treatment situation, and the members of the ward round team will jointly analyze and discuss the existing doubts anddifficuties，and develop corresponding nursing measures. Assisting patients in restoring their self-care abilities and improving their quality of life through a nursing model that combines traditional Chinese and Western medicine.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2024-06-20 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Systemic inflammatory response index（SIRI）is an emerging biomarker associated with ischemic stroke（IS），but its correlation with recurrent IS remains unclear. Objective To investigate the correlation between SIRI and one-year recurrence of IS. Methods Patients diagnosed with IS and hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University，the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University，the Second Hospital of Nanchang，and the Third Hospital of Nanchang between March 2019 and March 2021 were enrolled into the cohort. All patients were followed up for one year. Relevant clinical information within 48 hours of admission was collected. The recurrence of IS was recorded during the 1-year follow-up. The correlation between SIRI and one-year recurrence of IS was examined using Cox regression model，restricted cubic splines（RCS），and subgroup analysis. Results A total of 1 023 eligible patients were enrolled in the cohort，including 107（10.46%）experiencing a recurrence of IS during the one-year follow-up period. After adjusting for confounders，multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that an elevated SIRI was a risk factor for IS recurrence（HR=1.06，95%CI=1.01-1.10）. Categorized into quartiles，patients in the highest quartile（fourth quartile，Q4 subgroup，n=256）of SIRI exhibited a significantly higher risk of IS recurrence compared to those in the lowest quartile（first quartile，Q1 subgroup，n=256）（HR=1.80，95%CI=1.08-3.00）. RCS analysis demonstrated a J-shaped dose-response relationship between SIRI and the risk of IS recurrence（P-Nonlinear=0.025）. Subgroup analyses stratified by gender，age，history of stroke，and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale（NIHSS）score at admission were performed. A significant correlation was identified between SIRI and NIHSS score（P<0.001）. Specifically，for patients with an NIHSS score of 0-1 point，an elevated SIRI was significantly correlated with an increased risk of IS recurrence（HR=1.25，95%CI=1.04-1.51，P=0.020）. For those with an NIHSS score of 5-15 points，an elevated SIRI was significantly correlated with a higher recurrence risk（HR=1.20，95%CI=1.12-1.28，P<0.001）.It was indicated that a higher SIRI was significantly correlated with an increased risk of IS recurrence within these score ranges. Conclusion A higher SIRI is significantly correlated with an increased risk of IS recurrence. A J-shaped association is observed between SIRI and IS recurrence risk. Notably，in IS patients with NIHSS scores of 0-1 and 5-15，elevated SIRI is significantly correlated with an increased risk of recurrence.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2024-06-20 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
MA Ning1 ，ZHAO Yang1*，LYU Shaobo1 ，ZHANG Haodong1 ，WANG Changming2 ，MENG Jie1
ZHAO Yang
LYU Shaobo
ZHANG Haodong
WANG Changming
MENG Jie
Abstract： Background The sleep characteristics of school-age children have a crucial impact on the development of emotional and behavioral problems. Sleep characteristics also play a role in the development of executive function in school#2;age children. There is a close relationship between the emergence of emotional and behavioral problems and the development of executive function in these children. Currently，there are few studies on the mediating effect of the relationship between sleep characteristics，executive function，and emotional and behavioral problems in school-age children. Objective To explore the relationship between sleep characteristics，executive function，and emotional and behavioral problems in school-age children，and to examine the mediating role of executive function in the relationship between sleep characteristics and emotional and behavioral problems. Methods From August 21 to October 8，2021，a convenience sampling method was used to select 516 school-age children from grades 1 to 6 in Xiwu Primary School and the Fourth Experimental Primary School in Shexian County，Handan City，Hebei Province. The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire（CSHQ），the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire（SDQ），and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function（BRIEF） were used to assess the sleep characteristics，emotional and behavioral problems，and executive function of the school-age children，respectively. Correlation analysis，regression analysis，and mediation analysis were conducted using SPSS 27.0 and the PROCESSv4.1 plugin. Results A total of 516 questionnaires were distributed，and 496 valid questionnaires were recovered，with an effective recovery rate of 96.1%. Correlation analysis showed that the total score of the CSHQ was negatively correlated with the Behavioral Regulation Index（BRI），Metacognition Index（MI），inhibition，shifting，emotional control，task initiation，working memory，planning，organization，and monitoring factors of the BRIEF（P<0.001）. The total score of the SDQ was positively correlated with the BRI，MI，inhibition，shifting，emotional control，task initiation，working memory，planning，organization，and monitoring factors of the BRIEF（P<0.001）. Forced entry method results showed that sleep characteristics negatively predicted emotional and behavioral problems（B=-0.15，t=-5.33，P<0.01），while executive function positively predicted emotional and behavioral problems（B=0.13，t=20.88，P<0.01）. Mediation analysis showed that when executive function，BRI，and MI were used as mediating variables，there was a complete mediating effect between sleep characteristics and emotional and behavioral problems in children. The 95% CI for both the main effect and the indirect effect did not include 0（P<0.001），and the 95% CI for the direct effect included 0（P>0.05）. Conclusion There is a close relationship between sleep characteristics，executive function，and emotional and behavioral problems in school-age children. Executive function has a complete mediating effect on the relationship between sleep characteristics and emotional and behavioral problems. This finding emphasizes the importance of good sleep for the behavioral and emotional well-being of school-age children and provides new perspectives and intervention approaches for enhancing executive function and overall development in school-age children.
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