Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2024-05-08
Abstract： Purpose/Significance This paper starts from the field of humanities and social sciences, and compares the model performance of humanities and social sciences from the aspects of basic knowledge and academic texts of humanities and social sciences. It aims to provide a systematic large language model evaluation benchmark for the field of humanities and social sciences for the reference of researchers in humanities and social sciences related fields. Methods/Processes Seven evaluation tasks related to the field of humanities and social sciences were designed and corresponding indicators were selected. On this basis, the current open-source and high-performance general-purpose domain Chinese large language models were selected to complete the domain-specific tasks in the form of questions and answers by invoking the local models, and their performance in the field of humanities and social sciences was quantitatively evaluated by selecting relevant indicators. Results/Conclusions The evaluation results show that among the open-source models selected in this paper, Qwen has the best performance, followed by Baichuan2, InternLM, and Atom is the worst performer in both the base model and the dialog model; moreover, in most cases, the dialog model shows more superior performance compared to the base model.
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> Internet Journals submitted time 2024-04-27
Abstract： Purpose To clarify the practical foundation, realistic challenges, and future development path of preprint empowerment in the metaverse era, and explore the development and challenges of preprint itself as well as its transformation and innovation of traditional academic journals and academic publishing ecosystem in the context of the metaverse era. Method Using literature research, comparative analysis, and case analysis methods, this study combs the practical foundation of preprint empowerment in the metaverse era from four aspects: intelligent technology services for academic production, platform field aggregation for academic publishing, collaborative participation in academic evaluation, and multiple ways to facilitate academic diffusion. Result In the development towards the metaverse era, there are many practical challenges such as high digital technology threshold, virtual reality disconnection, weak peer review process, and limited cognition of relevant personnel in preprint. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on integrating industrial clusters, attracting academic synergy, leveraging intelligent tools, and strengthening immersive experience. Conclusion On the basis of fully understanding the practical challenges of preprint academic exchange in the metaverse era, we should fully stimulate technological vitality and academic vitality, promote the digitalization and integration development of academic publishing, and further promote the construction of a powerful country in publishing.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Retrieval submitted time 2024-04-18
Abstract： The purpose of this study is to explore the auxiliary strategies of lower grade students in Internet information search tasks to improve their information literacy. Method/Process Based on the information needs expression theory, combined with field investigation and field interview methods, this study analyzed the process of primary school students using Baidu to search for information in the activity of Lighting up the Library . The process model of information search task is established by dividing the search task into stages, which covers the key steps such as task analysis, query construction, search result screening, content interpretation, information extraction and task completion. Result/ Conclusion The study found that lower grade students showed certain information literacy ability in information extraction and utilization, but still needed the help of auxiliary staff. In addition, the study also discusses the experience and evaluation of primary school students’ use of search engines, and finds that they have a very rich experience in using search engines such as Baidu, and give a high evaluation of the search experience of Baidu, and also raises questions from the perspective of primary school students. This study is of great significance for designing reasonable teaching activities and improving elementary school students’ information literacy, and provides a new perspective and data support for future research in related fields.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2024-03-25 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background The phenomenon of coronary slow flow（CSF）is characterized by recurrent angina pectoris，which may lead to acute myocardial infarction，fatal arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death，and reduce the quality of life of patients. With the improvement of the safety，feasibility and reliability of coronary angiography（CAG），the detection rate of CSF increased gradually. However，there are few studies on the mechanism of early-onset CSF and clinical characteristics of young patients with CSF. Objective To explore the clinical characteristics in young patients with CSF and compare them with the elderly patients in order to provide its pathogenesis. Methods Continuity analysis from January 2017 to January 2019，86 young patients（18 years ≤ age <45 years）diagnosed with CSF by CAG in the Department of Cardiology at the 305 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army of China were selected as young group，and 88 CSF patients ≥ 65 years old during the same period were randomly selected as elderly group. Collect and organize clinical data of two groups of patients，including medical history，diagnosis，laboratory tests，and CAG results，for comparative analysis. Results The results showed that the young group had lower average age、hypertension ratio and diabetes ratio than those in elderly group，while the male ratio and BMI were higher than those in elderly group（P<0.05）. The number of coronary vascular branches involved in CSF in young group was mainly single branch（58.1%），while in elderly group，the number of vascular branches involved in CSF was mainly three （45.5%）；There is a statistically significant difference in the distribution of blood vessel branches involved in CSF between two groups of patients（χ2 =29.521，P<0.001）. The total number of blood vessels affected by CSF in young group was 137，while in elderly group，the total number of blood vessels affected by CSF was 199；There is no statistically significant difference in the distribution of blood vessels involved in CSF between two groups of patients（χ2 =1.366，P=0.644）. The levels of triglycerides （TG），blood uric acid（SUA），high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP），and endothelin-1（ET-1）in young group were higher than those in elderly group，while the levels of nitric oxide（NO）were lower than those in elderly group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Compared with the elderly patients with CSF，the young patients with CSF are more male and overweight，and the number of vessels involved in CSF is less. The levels of TG，SUA，hs-CRP，and ET-1 are higher，while the proportion of hypertension and diabetes is lower. Metabolic abnormalities，inflammatory reactions，and impaired endothelial function are more closely related to the onset of CSF in young adults.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Personality Psychology submitted time 2023-12-11
Abstract： Growth mindset, the belief that one’s abilities can be improved through effort and learning, has attracted much attention from researchers in personality, social and developmental psychology. Thanks to large-scale surveys and randomized controlled field experiments around the world, growth mindset research has entered a new era of interdisciplinary, international and generalizable intervention research. However, as more evidence emerges, researchers have also noticed that the effects of growth mindsets vary across different situations. To address the issues of replicability and generalizability, mindsets × context theory proposes that growth mindsets are more beneficial when individuals face challenges or threats (vulnerability) and when the environment supports their learning and growth (psychological affordance). These insights offer new directions for designing and implementing growth mindset interventions. Future research should further investigate the mechanisms of psychological affordance and vulnerability, and develop tailored intervention programs for different groups, so that growth mindset interventions can effectively promote individual development and solve educational problems.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-11-03
Abstract： As high-level cognitive processes, executive functions (EF) refer to a set of top-down neurocognitive processes served for conscious, goal-directed control of thought, action and emotion, which is crucial for children’s academic success and mental and physical health. It includes inhibitory control, working memory and cognitive flexibility. Although abundant related theories and studies existed, some limitations still remained. Firstly, EF are measured with a single task in previous studies, which are rarely incapable of decomposing different components of EF. They are lack to systematically investigate the unity and diversity of EF from an integrative view; Then, rare studies use longitudinal design to examine the stability of the unity and diversity of children’s executive functions during middle childhood. The present attempted to address these issues mentioned above.
From the perspective of a unity/diversity framework of EF, combined with latent-variable analysis and network analysis, the present study followed 756 students from grade 3 to 4 (Mage = 9.25 years, 51.85% girls) to systematically and comprehensively explore the unity and diversity of EF during middle childhood. They were recruited to measure six tasks related with three main components of EF.
The results showed that: The structure of children’s EF in middle childhood included inhibitory control and combined factor of working memory and cognitive reflection; These six tasks were organized into one stable components through at least age 10; The unity and diversity of EF met full metric invariance.
These findings highlight the importance of understanding the unity and diversity of EF among middle childhood from a developmental perspective, and provide new sight on the measuring means of EF.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：近年来，网络直播异军突起，以其互动和便捷的特性影响着各行各业，特别是对传媒业影响更是深远。网络直播所带来的媒介功能性革命驱动着无数人由后台走向前台，由边缘走向中心，给数亿网民的信息传播带来了极大的便利。基于这样的背景，本文从新媒体的发展趋势入手，以未来传播的视角分析网络直播在新闻信息传播中该如何创新发展，以期为传统媒体的进一步融合创新提供参考。
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：近年来数字媒体技术得到了快速的发展,推动了多个行业进步,在动画设计领域中,数字媒体技术的应用,使得动画表达方式发生了较大的改变,丰富了动画表达的内容,有效提升了动画设计水平。因此,数字媒体技术对动画设计有重要的影响。基于此,本文从数字媒体技术的基本介绍出发,分析了数字媒体技术影响动画设计的具体内容,并提出了几点数字媒体技术在动画设计中有效应用的措施,以供参考。
Subjects: Digital Publishing >> New Media submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国传媒科技》
Abstract：本文首先从出版媒介的改变、编辑素质和能力要求提升,阐述了媒体融合时代科技期刊编辑转型必要性。提出了媒体融合时代科技期刊编辑转型的策略和方向,从编辑和作者关系构建的特征以及方式,简单探讨了科技期刊编辑和作者关系发展,希望以此推进媒体融合时代下科技期刊编辑转型。
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-27 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This study aims to explore the differences between collaborative mode and individual mode of information search on search experience and search interaction, trying to understand the characteristics of collaborative information search from various angles.[Method/process] The experiment is designed based on books interactive retrieval platform (CLEF-Social Book Search). Sixteen independent and eighteen collaborative participants are recruited to the laboratory to complete different types of book search tasks. Users' interactions with the system during search are recorded through the backend server; while their search experience is recorded by questionnaires completed before and after the search. In data analysis, users' interactions and search experience are compared between two search modes.[Result/conclusion] (1) Search experience:Compared with individual searchers, collaborative searchers have better evaluation on experiment system function and higher evaluation on aesthetics, durability, novelty of the system, and participate in the search more intently. However, collaborative searcher felt a bit more frustrated and mentally taxing than individual searchers. (2) Search strategies:Compared with individual searchers, collaborative searchers make more decisions in the goal-oriented task, especially the decision of removing books from bookbag, which indicates collaborative searchers need to sort the books in the later stage. In the open-ended task, collaborative searchers spend more time before each decision than individual searchers, which is probably because of collaborative searcher's higher level of focus and participatory. This study helps understand about collaborative search through comparison with individual search, which may provide inspiration for collaborative search system design.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Information search extensively influence people's daily lives, and people tend to use search engine to find the information they need. However, the existing search system is better for supporting factual tasks search, and it is not satisfactory to support tasks such as searching in order to learn. In recent years, researchers have begun to pay attention to regarding search as learning, and try to evaluate the knowledge learning in search.[Method/process] For the purpose of mastering users' learning status in search thoroughly, in this paper, 32 students from Peking University were recruited to complete user experiment. User knowledge assessment method considering knowledge quantity and quality comprehensively was established in this paper. Based on this knowledge assessment method, user knowledge level in learning tasks before and after search was evaluated respectively, and the changes of knowledge level were investigated.[Result/conclusion]The research shows that users' performance on knowledge quantity dimension becomes more comprehensive and in-depth with the search completion, and has a significant improvement in the number of knowledge points, the number of knowledge facets, the breadth of knowledge facets and the depth of knowledge facets. At the same time, there are a number of relatively professional knowledge facets after searching. Some vague knowledge concept expressions before searching were expressed more clearly and explicitly after searching. In the dimension of knowledge quality, knowledge relevance, analysis and user opinion, the vast majority of users improve after searching. This paper provides a feasible way for researchers to evaluate user knowledge learning in information search from the perspective of multi-angle evaluation of knowledge status before and after searching.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Based on the innovation ecosystem scenario, this paper explores the knowledge integration of enterprises, and provides a new perspective for improving the knowledge integration effect and innovative ability of enterprises.[Method/process] Through the theoretical review of the innovation ecosystem and knowledge integration, this paper studied the process and dynamic of knowledge integration around two essential characteristics of "innovative" and "ecological", and proposed safeguard measures.[Result/conclusion] In the context of innovation ecosystem, knowledge integration of enterprises has undergone two stages:external knowledge intake and internal knowledge assimilation, and the effective integration of knowledge can be realized under the synergy of enterprises' innovative source power, industry-university-research cooperation motivation and innovative environment drive force. Furthermore, safeguard measures can be proposed for the effectiveness of knowledge integration from the three levels of innovation environment, universities and research institutes, enterprises.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] In major public health emergencies, the public has a strong demand for relevant information, and information seeking has become an important way for the public to understand and respond to risks. When facing the risk, how does the public's attitude toward information seeking shape their behaviors? What are the factors that influence the public's attitude and behavior towards information seeking? Is there any difference between different people? Answering these questions will be helpful to provide targeted information services, improve the effectiveness of individual response to the emergencies, carry out practical emergency's prevention and control solutions. [Method/process] An online questionnaire survey was conducted among 719 respondents to explore the factors affecting the public's attitude and behavior in emergency information seeking. [Result/conclusion] The research shows that there are significant differences in the attitude and seeking behaviors in different regions, ages, and educational backgrounds. Perceived risk, affective response, information sufficiency, information subjective norm and perceived behavior control positively affect the public's information seeking attitude and behavior. Meanwhile, information seeking attitude mediates between the other factors and information seeking behavior. Based on the research results, suggestions are put forward from the perspectives of information releasing channel, information communication process and information search platform.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper conducts an empirical study on the association between personal academic information organization behavior and academic procrastination of college students, in order to discover the role of organizing personal academic information in preventing or correcting procrastination. [Method/process] Firstly, this paper used a questionnaire to collect data, including the Personal Academic Information Organization Level Scale for College Students, GPS scale (Chinese Revised Version), and NASP scale (Chinese Revised Version). Then, this paper used homogeneity reliability test and confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the quality of the questionnaire. Finally, this paper used descriptive statistics, correlation test, and difference test to analyze the relationship between personal academic information organization behavior and academic procrastination of college students. [Result/conclusion] The results show that there is a significant correlation between personal academic information organization behavior and academic procrastination, and the improvement of personal academic information organization behavior may help college students to prevent or correct procrastination.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] In the Internet era, video platforms have become a new knowledge learning scenario. In this scenario, the search interaction process can be seen as a self-regulated learning process. This paper focuses on the effects of different task types and learning cognitive strategies on video-based search behavior in self-regulated learning contexts to complement research in the field of interactive information retrieval on video-based search behavior in learning contexts.[Method/process] In this paper, we chose two types of tasks:factual and skill-based. And cognitive strategies were classified into four types based on the self-regulated learning framework:rehearsal,elaboration,organization and critical thinking. The study adopted an experimental approach, using the Bilibili video site as a test system, and borrowed an existing measurement framework to explore the differences in behavioral characteristics and search effects of users with different learning cognitive strategies when performing different types of tasks based on experimental data.[Result/conclusion] This paper finds that different task types and learning cognitive strategies affect search behavior and learning effectiveness, showing significant differences in several indicators. The analysis and conclusion combined with task and cognitive strategy characteristics suggest improvements for the system use of video-based search platforms in learning contexts, which have positive implications for the improvement of such search platforms and the enhancement of user search experience and learning efficiency.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Taking personal information organization behavior as a whole to measure its ability and result, the paper develops the Personal Academic Information Organization Level Scale for College Students, and then applies this scale to analyze the characteristics of personal academic information organization behavior of undergraduates at Peking University to provide practical suggestions for improvement.[Method/process] In the scale development stage, the initial scale was prepared on the basis of literature review and semi-structured interview, the initial scale was purified by item analysis and factor analysis, and the quality of the final scale was evaluated by reliability test and validity test. In the scale application stage, the paper used descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and variance analysis.[Result/conclusion] The Personal Academic Information Organization Level Scale for College Students includes five dimensions:organization level of computer documents, organization level of paper materials, academic information management literacy, cleaning level of academic space, and organization level of class notes. This scale provides a feasible tool for the measurement of personal information organization level among college students, puts forward a new perspective for the study of personal academic information organization behavior, and develops a new idea for the comprehensive understanding of information behavior of college students.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper intends to sort out SAL-related studies, to form a more complete review, which provides the corresponding guidance and reference for future research in the SAL. [Method/process] In this paper, we reviewed previous studies to summarize the four main concerns in the current SAL studies:the relationship between searching and learning, the influencing factors of the search process, the evaluation of learning, and system optimization. Accordingly, a research framework for SAL, comprehensively considering context, people, system, and the relationship between searching and learning was proposed. [Result/conclusion] Future research should focus on four key issues:① characterizing learning context to design learning-related search tasks, and evaluate learning outcome corresponding to task characteristics; ② exploring how individual's learning characteristics, e.g., cognitive and metacognitive characteristics affect search interactions during the search process; ③ understanding searching as a learning process, to investigate the connections between search behaviors and learning behaviors; ④ merging contextual factors, individual factors, and searching and learning characteristics, to redesign, configure and optimize the current search system, for the integration of search system and learning system, and effectively support learning.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/Significance] Time is a universal background factor in information behaviors. However, studies on the impact of time in information behaviors from the perspective of time as a scarce resource are relatively scattered. In order to deepen the understanding of time factors and call for the attention to time in the field of information behavior, this paper summarizes the relevant research on the influence of time constraints and time pressure in the field of information behavior and summarizes the effects of time constraints and time pressure on information behaviors. [Method/Process] Based on reading and selecting related researches in the past ten years, this paper systematically summarized the effects of time constraints and time pressure on information behaviors, and focused on sorting out the roles of time constraints and time pressure in different types of information behavior processes. [Result/Conclusion] It is found that time constraints and time pressure can influence information behaviors (include searching, browsing and writing) in the process of task completion as well as information encountering without specific tasks and information decision. Future researchers should be aware of the conceptual boundaries of time constraints, time pressure and related concepts, clarify the measurement standards of time pressure, and address the positive effects of time pressure.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/Significance] Information search is not only a process of information acquisition, but also a process of users’ self-learning. In the context of learning-related search, this paper explores the influence of the note-taking behavior on learning outcome in the process of searching, the characteristics of users’ note-taking behavior and the influence of the search context on note-taking behavior. [Method/Process] This paper collected data by the experiment method, analyzed the characteristics of note-taking by coding analysis, descriptive statistics and cluster analysis, and analyzed the association of note-taking with search context and learning outcome by difference test. [Result/Conclusion] This paper found three types of note-taking patterns: "rough collection-linear structure", "fine collection-linear structure" and "free structure". Users with more prior knowledge tend to adopt the pattern of "rough collection, linear structure", which may lead to poorer learning efficiency. The results are helpful to enrich the limited exploration of information use behavior in relevant researches on "search as learning" and inspire various information search systems to design and optimize functions from the perspective of supporting users' self-learning.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/Significance] This study explores the differences in search interaction behaviors, collaborative experience and learning effect among groups with different levels of prior knowledge differences, so as to enrich the cognition of collaborative information search behaviors and provide suggestions for collaborative search learning in real situations. [Method/Process] The user experiment method was adopted to design two search tasks of comprehension and evaluation. Interactive behaviors were recorded by screen recording, the collaborative experience data was collected by combining questionnaires, and state and changes of knowledge before and after collaborative search were recorded by mind mapping. Statistical test methods such as variance analysis were used to analyze the effect of the data. [Result/Conclusion] The research finds: In terms of search interaction behaviors, the groups with higher prior knowledge level used more search terms than the groups with lower prior knowledge level; In terms of collaborative search experience, groups with similar prior knowledge level have higher evaluation on their own task completion; In terms of knowledge status changes, the knowledge breadth of the homogenous low level groups increase significantly more than that of the other two groups, but in terms of quality, there is little difference between the groups after search. In the end, this study puts forward some suggestions on how to improve users’ collaborative search experience and learning effect about the search system.
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