Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2024-01-12 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Due to the accelerating trend of aging and transformation of residents' lifestyles and behaviors in China，multiple chronic conditions have become a major public health challenge. The phenomenon of comorbidities complicates patients' conditions and poor nutritional status，causing a heavy burden on patients' health and society. In 2018，the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism（ESPEN）published the ESPEN guidelines on nutritional support for polymorbid internal medicine patients，which provides 22 recommendations and four statements on nutritional screening，assessment， requirements，monitoring and procedure of intervention for polymorbid medical inpatients. Based on continuously updated research evidence，the 2018 version of the guideline was updated by the ESPEN guideline Working Group in June 2023，ESPEN guideline on nutritional support for polymorbid medical inpatients，to provide evidence-based recommendations on nutritional support for the polymorbid patient population hospitalized in medical wards. This article interprets and focuses 15 key points of the guideline，include nutritional screening and assessment，oral nutritional supplements，enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition，estimation of energy requirements，protein targets，micronutrients supplementation，disease-specific nutritional supplementation，early nutritional support，post-discharge nutritional support，monitoring of physical functions，energy and protein requirements，organizational changes in nutritional support，impact of underlying diseases on nutritional support，drug#2;nutrient interactions and nutritional biomarkers. In order to provide guidance for nutritional management of polymorbid patients inChina.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The scientific and effective management of reading promotion is conducive to improving both service level and service quality. It can also ensure the healthy and lasting development of reading promotion. [Method/process] Using the TQM theory, this paper comprehensively analyzes the system elements involved in the reading promotion activities, including the responsibility subject, the promoting object, the promoting content, the environmental resources and the technical conditions, and teases out the working process of the reading promotion by referring to the PDCA cycle. Then, to prove its effect, TQM theory is applied to the reading promotion program of Sichuan Normal University. [Result/conclusion] It is proved that TQM theory has important practical significance for reading promotion.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Rapid Automatized Naming (RAN) is an important predictor of reading. However, why and how RAN predicts reading remains controversial. Some researchers believe that the essence of reading is to recognize individual words in text in rapid succession, Individual word recognition rate can predict the fluency of sequential text reading through phonological awareness, orthography and processing speed. Therefore, individual word processing efficiency dominated the effect of RAN on reading. Other studies have found that Single word reading efficiency cannot fully explain individual differences in the process of serial reading. readers process multiple words during fluent reading in a "cascade" of processing, which is why RAN predicts reading. Therefore, There is no consensus on the mechanism by which RAN predicts reading. This paper analyzes existing studies and finds that they have not focused on the moderating effect of Visual Attention Span (VAS) on lexical processing, which may lead to inconsistent conclusions on the underlying mechanism of RAN in predicting reading. Readers with low VAS level recognized a limited number of orthographic units and read individual words one by one in discrete form during reading, so the relationship between RAN and reading was dominated by individual word processing efficiency; Readers with high VAS regard words as a whole unit and carry out parallel processing among multiple words in sequence. This "cascade" processing dominates the relationship between RAN and reading. However, due to the stable correlation between RAN and reading, many researchers extend the efficiency of single word processing to continuous text reading, believing that reading is the rapid and automatic reading of single words in succession. The researchers did not notice that in early reading, the reader's discrete RAN was closely correlated with the serial RAN, and that in serial reading, the reader was also engaged in rapid single-word reading. In adulthood, the reader's discrete RAN is independent of the serial RAN, and discrete and serial reading are not the same. Although some researchers noticed this later, but they still did not further pay attention to the fact that the lexical processing modes of readers at different stages correspond to different levels of VAS. With the potential changes of readers' VAS, their continuous reading modes are also changing. In addition, the selected subjects in previous studies were screened for basic reading ability, They all have basic reading skills. RAN materials were all high-frequency words or words with short characters, The VAS of the subjects was sufficient to support the “sight word reading” of these high-frequency short words. Therefore, although the subjects had different levels of VAS, they were similar in reading performance. By analyzing existing studies, we found that the level of readers' VAS seemed to explain the discrepancy in the conclusions on the relationship between RAN and reading. Future studies should focus on individual differences in VAS during reading, organically integrate different theories, and further explore the relationship between RAN and reading as well as the influence of VAS at different levels on it. To improve the reasons for RAN prediction of reading and related theories, Enriching the theory of nonverbal interventions for developmental dyslexia.
submitted time 2023-03-25 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Rapid Automatized Naming (RAN) is an important predictor of reading. However, why and how RAN predicts reading remains controversial. Some researchers believe that the essence of reading is to recognize individual words in text in rapid succession, Individual word recognition rate can predict the fluency of sequential text reading through phonological awareness, orthography and processing speed. Therefore, individual word processing efficiency dominated the effect of RAN on reading. Other studies have found that Single word reading efficiency cannot fully explain individual differences in the process of serial reading. readers process multiple words during fluent reading in a "cascade" of processing, which is why RAN predicts reading. Therefore, There is no consensus on the mechanism by which RAN predicts reading. This paper analyzes existing studies and finds that they have not focused on the moderating effect of Visual Attention Span (VAS) on lexical processing, which may lead to inconsistent conclusions on the underlying mechanism of RAN in predicting reading. Readers with low VAS level recognized a limited number of orthographic units and read individual words one by one in discrete form during reading, so the relationship between RAN and reading was dominated by individual word processing efficiency; Readers with high VAS regard words as a whole unit and carry out parallel processing among multiple words in sequence. This "cascade" processing dominates the relationship between RAN and reading. However, due to the stable correlation between RAN and reading, many researchers extend the efficiency of single word processing to continuous text reading, believing that reading is the rapid and automatic reading of single words in succession. The researchers did not notice that in early reading, the reader's discrete RAN was closely correlated with the serial RAN, and that in serial reading, the reader was also engaged in rapid single-word reading. In adulthood, the reader's discrete RAN is independent of the serial RAN, and discrete and serial reading are not the same. Although some researchers noticed this later, but they still did not further pay attention to the fact that the lexical processing modes of readers at different stages correspond to different levels of VAS. With the potential changes of readers' VAS, their continuous reading modes are also changing. In addition, the selected subjects in previous studies were screened for basic reading ability, They all have basic reading skills. RAN materials were all high-frequency words or words with short characters, The VAS of the subjects was sufficient to support the “sight word reading” of these high-frequency short words. Therefore, although the subjects had different levels of VAS, they were similar in reading performance. By analyzing existing studies, we found that the level of readers' VAS seemed to explain the discrepancy in the conclusions on the relationship between RAN and reading. Future studies should focus on individual differences in VAS during reading, organically integrate different theories, and further explore the relationship between RAN and reading as well as the influence of VAS at different levels on it. To improve the reasons for RAN prediction of reading and related theories, Enriching the theory of nonverbal interventions for developmental dyslexia.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-18 Cooperative journals: 《材料研究学报》
Abstract： Sepiolite/flower-like BiOCl nanocomposites as photocatalyst have been successfully prepared by hydrolysis precipitation method. And the influence of temperature, pH and Bi(NO3)3 concentration on the unique morphology of the nanocomposites was investigated. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of these nanocomposites was examined for the degradation of rhodamine B. The results show that the flower-like BiOCl is uniformly dispersed on the sepiolite and this nanocomposites exhibit a photocatalytic efficiency of 14.29%-16.67% higher than that of pure BiOCl nanosheets for the degradation of rhodamine B, and the catalyst has an excellent cycling stability.
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2021-07-06 Cooperative journals: 《天文研究与技术》
Abstract：本文从SMARTS数据库和之前文献中,收集了耀变体3C 454.3 光学波段B、V、R和红外波段J、K的数据,时间从2008年6月份到2017年7月份之间近十年.分别获得了光学B波段891组、V波段855组、R波段877组、J波段860组和K波段751组共4234组数据.使用这些观测数据,用LombScargle Periodogram(LSP)方法和加权小波Z变换法(WWZ)研究了各个波段的周期,结果表明:(1)3C 454.3在光学和红外波段都有454天的周期光变;(2)五个波段存在454天的长周期光变,由此得到3C 454.3中心黑洞质量为: 和辐射区半径为: ;(3)通过长周期光变分析,预期耀变体3C 454.3在2021年6月左右,将再次爆发。
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2021-01-11 Cooperative journals: 《天文研究与技术》
Abstract：耀变体的喷流辐射机制是一个非常重要的问题。本文从文献中收集了442个耀变体的数据，这些耀变体包括215个平谱射电类星体（FSRQ）和227个蝎虎天体（BL Lac），通过数据研究了耀变体的喷流功率与多波段光度的相关性。研究结果表明：（1）对于FSRQ，喷流功率与射电、光学波段、X射线和γ射线的光度都有强相关性。且其光度分布顺序为logL_γ>〖logL〗_O>〖logL〗_X>logL_R。（2）对于BL Lac，喷流功率与射电、光学波段和γ射线的光度都有强相关性。但是喷流功率与X射线的光度只有弱相关；BL Lac的光度分布顺序为log L_O>logL_γ>logL_X>logL_R，而且BL lac的各波段光度都小于FSRQ。我们认为这些差异是由于FSRQ与BL Lac的内禀属性不同所导致的，即吸积模式的不同和喷流辐射机制的不同等。
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2018-05-18 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：水淹深度是影响湿地植物生长和繁殖的关键因子，不同湿地植物对淹水深度存在着不同响应。然而，在水情不断变化的背景下，鄱阳湖洲滩湿地植物种群和群落如何变化还不清楚。为了探究淹水深度对湿地植物生长的影响，并预测鄱阳湖洲滩湿地植被分布的趋势，采用控制实验模拟了不同水淹深度（0、0.5、1 m和2 m）下鄱阳湖湿地3种优势植物（灰化薹草（Carex cinerascens）、南荻（Miscanthus lutarioriparius）和虉草（Phalaris arundinacea））的生长和繁殖情况。实验结果表明：1）水淹对灰化薹草总生物量的影响最显著。遭受水淹时，灰化薹草把大部分的生物量集中在地下部分；随着水淹深度逐渐增加，南荻的生物量逐渐减少；不同深度水淹对虉草生物量没有产生显著影响（P>0.05）。就生物量而言，虉草对水淹的适应性强于其他两种植物。2）不同水淹深度下，灰化薹草的株高都显著降低；而南荻只在2 m水淹梯度下株高才显著降低。在枯水年时，下降的水位有利于南荻向较低高程迁移。3）不同深度水淹对灰化薹草的分株没有产生显著影响（P>0.05）；而虉草在经过2 m水淹后分株数显著高于其他水淹深度。在丰水年时，相比于灰化薹草和南荻，升高的水位对虉草的繁殖影响较小。在一个水位周期性变化的湿地生态系统中，不同深度的水淹对植物的生长及退水后的繁殖产生了严重影响，研究结果为预测水文变化对湿地植被的生存和分布提供了重要的依据。
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