分类： 护理学 >> 护理学 提交时间： 2024-06-26
摘要： 目的探讨中西医结合对老年糖尿病（DM）患者血糖的影响。方法选取2024年3月25日我科收治1例老年DM患者作为研究对象，根据中西医结合护理的护理效果。结果护理后，该患者的空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖及睡前血糖水平控制较为平稳
分类： 护理学 >> 护理学 提交时间： 2024-06-25
摘要： 目的 观察开天门联合中药穴位贴敷技术治疗脑卒中所致失眠的效果。方法 选取脑卒中后失眠患者1例，经开天门联合中药穴位贴敷技术治疗4周，每2周评估患者匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、Chalder疲劳量表、夜间睡眠时长。结果 经开天门联合中药穴位贴敷技术治疗后，患者匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、Chalder疲劳量表评分均降低，夜间睡眠时长显著提高。结论 开天门联合中药穴位贴敷技术对脑卒中所致失眠效果良好。
分类： 数字出版 >> 互联网期刊 分类： 图书馆学、情报学 >> 图书馆学 提交时间： 2024-06-25
摘要： 【目的】 从不同维度探讨期刊载文量和影响因子在近5年的动态变化，并研究载文量的增加对期刊影响因子和期刊引证指数（Journal Citation Indicator，JCI）的影响。【方法】 选择Web of Science （WoS）数据库中2018— 2022年连续被SCI收录的8094种期刊作为研究对象，分别对各年度载文量、影响因子进行统计和对比，并选择不同年度的载文量与影响因子和JCI进行分析。【结果】 各年度总载文量以增加为主，但是载文量增加为主的期刊数少于载文量减少为主的期刊数。年度刊均影响因子总体呈增长趋势，影响因子上升的期刊数明显多于下降的期刊数。不同国家/地区、不同学科的期刊载文量和影响因子大多在2020年的上升幅度最大，于2022年出现近5年的首次下降。中国期刊的载文量和影响因子均呈现出稳健增长的态势。载文量增加的期刊中，影响因子上升的期刊数量多于下降的期刊数量，但JCI的变化趋势相反。期刊载文量增加对影响因子和JCI的影响没有统计学意义无统计学意义（P>0.05）。【结论】 年度总载文量的变化与载文量变化的期刊数表现出明显不一致，年度影响因子上升与各期刊影响因子逐年变化呈现高度一致性。近年来中国的SCI期刊载文数量与质量稳步提升。载文量和影响因子之间不存在相关性，试图通过压缩载文量来提升期刊影响因子缺乏科学性。
分类： 数学 >> 代数与数论 提交时间： 2024-06-25
摘要： By considering the he spectrum of the Cesaro operator on the Hilber-Polya space, we proved the Riemann hypothesis for Riemann zeta function and Dirichlet L-function.
分类： 护理学 >> 护理学 提交时间： 2024-06-25
摘要： 本文总结1例中风病伴腰痹气滞血瘀证患者的中西医结合护理体会。基于综合护理评估和辨证施护，从中医护理、西医护理、中西医结合护理三个方面给出恰当的护理诊断，在根据护理诊断进行有针对性的护理措施。患者各个评分有所提升，可供临床推广借鉴。
分类： 心理学 >> 应用心理学 提交时间： 2024-06-24
摘要： 目的 本研究旨在基于生成式人工智能和RAG技术实现青少年心理危机量表的项目自动生成。方法 为实现这一目标，本文采用RAG的开源框架-FastGPT，以心理咨询领域的语料库为基础构建知识库。通过文献搜集和两种项目自动生成技术的混合设计成问卷条目。结果 问题集的有效性和适用性能够得到较好的验证。局限 基于生成式人工智能和RAG技术的实现量表的项目自动生成的实际应用效果仍需进一步的实证检验。结论 该方法为青少年心理危机的早期识别与及时干预提供了有力的科学工具。
分类： 护理学 >> 护理学 提交时间： 2024-06-24
摘要： 本文总结一例中西医结合治疗支原体肺炎患儿的护理经验，探讨针对支原体肺炎的有效护理策略。予患儿中西医治疗的同时，遵循整体观念，在一般护理的基础上，运用穴位贴敷、超声药物透入、穴位按摩等中医特色护理技术，取得了良好的治疗效果。本案例强调中西医结合治疗与护理在提高患者康复率、减少并发症中的重要性，以期为临床护理实践作参考。
分类： 医学、药学 >> 临床医学 提交时间： 2024-06-24 合作期刊: 《中国全科医学》
摘要： 门急诊服务（包括基层医疗卫生机构、医院和其他医疗卫生机构的门诊和急诊服务）的可及性和质量决定了卫生服务系统的整体运行效率和居民健康，同时门急诊服务也是老龄化社会中持续性服务的核心组成部分。美国学者于 20 世纪 90 年代提出门急诊服务敏感疾病（ACSCs）的概念，此后，门急诊服务敏感疾病住院（ACSH）被广泛应用于评价门急诊服务的可及性和质量。近年来，有关 ACSH 的研究逐渐受到各国学者的关注与重视，我国的初步研究证据也显示该问题不应被忽视。本文首先介绍 ACSH 的概念缘起，然后对 ACSH、可避免住院、不合理入院等目前学界尚在混用的概念进行辨析，并系统梳理国际上 ACSH 的前沿识别标准，最后结合国内外研究进展讨论 ACSH 这一指标的政策价值，明确识别我国 ACSCs 应注意的问题，并提出减少 ACSH 的策略建议。
分类： 心理学 >> 心理学其他学科 提交时间： 2024-06-23
摘要： 心理与脑科学以人类被试作为研究对象，其结果的可推广性(generalizability, 也称为普适性)很大程度上取决于其样本的代表性(representativeness)。但心理学与脑科学研究中样本的代表性长久以来受到诟病。当前研究中主要存在两大问题：(1) 样本信息的缺失，大部分研究仅报告了被试的性别、年龄与国别，而被试的种族/民族、受教育程度和社会经济地位等重要信息较少被报告，且从时间上看，这种状况未出现根本性改变；(2) 从已报告的信息来看，当前样本的代表性不足：女性被试多于男生，集中于西方的、年轻的和受过高等教育的人群，而中老年人、受教育水平较低人群及低收入人群较少被研究者关注，亚洲人/亚裔、黑人/非洲裔、西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群同样较少受到关注，从国别角度来说，亚非拉国家尤其是非洲、拉丁美洲与中东地区的人群较少出现在心理学和脑科学研究中。以上两大问题的产生可能主要存在如下原因：方便取样法作为主要的取样方法；欧美研究者主导了心理学与脑科学的研究；整体上忽视文化以及不同人口因素的影响；研究者自身存有偏见。要改变这种现状，需要研究者、学术组织、期刊编辑和基金资助方等多方的共同努力。提升样本代表性将有助于让心理学与脑科学的科学知识应用于更广泛的群体，推动人类命运共同体的构建。
分类： 核科学技术 >> 辐射防护技术 分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2024-06-23
摘要： The impact of the radiation dose produced by 222Rn/220Rn and its progeny on human health has garneredincreasing interest in the nuclear research field. The establishment of robust, regulatory, and competent 220Rnchambers is crucial for accurately measuring radioactivity levels. However, studying the uniformity of the 220Rnprogeny through experimental methods is challenging, because measuring the concentration of 220Rn and itsprogeny in multiple spatial locations simultaneously and in real time using experimental methods is difficult.Therefore, achieving precise control of the concentration of 220Rn and its progeny as well as the reliable samplingof the progeny pose significant challenges. To solve this problem, this study uses computational fluid dynamicsto obtain the flow-field data of the 220Rn chamber under different wind speeds and progeny-replenishment rates.Qualitative analysis of the concentration distribution of the progeny and quantitative analysis of the progenyconcentration and uniformity of the progeny concentration are conducted. The research findings indicatedthat the progeny-concentration level is primarily influenced by wind speed and the progeny-complement rate.Wind speed also plays a crucial role in determining progeny-concentration uniformity, whereas the progeny-complement rate has minimal impact on uniformity. To ensure the accuracy of 220Rn progeny-concentrationsampling, we propose a methodology for selecting an appropriate sampling area based on varying progenyconcentrations. This study holds immense importance for enhancing the regulation and measurement standardsof 220Rn and its progeny.
分类： 护理学 >> 护理学 提交时间： 2024-06-21
摘要： 本文总结了1例慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重的治疗过程。医护根据患者病情制定治疗方案，给予患者多元化护理干预，护理要点包括病情观察，对症护理治疗，提出护理问题、护理目标给予患者相应的护理措施等。经经护理团队共同努力，使患者达到预期效果，生命体征平稳，病情得到控制，提高生活质量，予以出院。
分类： 护理学 >> 护理学 提交时间： 2024-06-21
摘要： 本文总结一例罕见SPN患者行胰头十二指肠切除Whipple重建术后的中西医结合护理经验。在对患者围手术期实施优质个性化护理的基础上，基于经络气血运行理论，运用穴位埋针联合穴位按摩刺激经络上特定的腧穴，加以情志调护及中药贴敷，促进气血运行，以达到机体阴阳平衡，从而更有效地改善患者的胃肠功能及负面情绪等，加快了患者的康复进程，取得良好的临床护理效果，值得临床借鉴。
分类： 心理学 >> 认知心理学 提交时间： 2024-06-21
摘要： 面孔和注视方向是人际交往中重要的社会线索。探讨婴儿特别是新生儿对面孔和注视方向的加工，有助于深入理解人类社交能力的起源及发展过程。回顾前人研究我们发现：0~28日龄的新生儿普遍表现出对人类面孔和直视的偏好，3月龄的婴儿开始表现出对他人目光的注视追随能力。脑观测研究发现3月龄以上的婴儿对面孔和注视加工具有与成人类似的脑神经表现。未来研究可以采用多种脑观测（特别是新型脑磁图）技术进一步考察新生儿的面孔偏好、直视偏好以及婴儿的注视追随现象，揭示婴儿对人类面孔和眼睛注视加工先天优势的神经基础及其受后天经验影响的认知机制。
分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 分类： 工程与技术科学 >> 工程通用技术 提交时间： 2024-06-21
摘要： For tracking and tagging the cosmic-ray muon (CR-muon), the Taishan Antineutrino Observatory (TAO) experiment is equipped with a top veto tracker (TVT) system composed of 160 modules, each consisting of plastic scintillator (PS) strip as target material, embedded wavelength shifting fiber (WLS-fiber) as photon collection and transmission medium, and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) at both ends as read-out. This article introduces the unique design of the module and reports the excellent performance of all modules, providing guidance and important reference for the process design of scintillation detectors with WLS-fibers. In general, when the CR-muon hits the center of plastic scintillator and without optical grease, the most probable value of the signal amplitude at one end of the PS strip is greater than 40.8 p.e. and 51.5 p.e. for all the 2 m-length modules and 1.5 m-length modules respectively. The CR-muon tagging efficiency of PS module is measured to be more than 99.3%, which meets the requirement of TAO.
分类： 生物学 >> 生态学 提交时间： 2024-06-21 合作期刊: 《干旱区科学》
摘要： To comprehensively evaluate the alterations in water ecosystem service functions within arid watersheds, this study focused on the Bosten Lake Basin, which is situated in the arid region of Northwest China. The research was based on land use/land cover (LULC), natural, socioeconomic, and accessibility data, utilizing the Patch-level Land Use Simulation (PLUS) and Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) models to dynamically assess LULC change and associated variations in water yield and water conservation. The analyses included the evaluation of contribution indices of various land use types and the investigation of driving factors that influence water yield and water conservation. The results showed that the change of LULC in the Bosten Lake Basin from 2000 to 2020 showed a trend of increasing in cultivated land and construction land, and decreasing in grassland, forest, and unused land. The unused land of all the three predicted scenarios of 2030 (S1, a natural development scenario; S2, an ecological protection scenario; and S3, a cultivated land protection scenario) showed a decreasing trend. The scenarios S1 and S3 showed a trend of decreasing in grassland and increasing in cultivated land; while the scenario S2 showed a trend of decreasing in cultivated land and increasing in grassland. The water yield of the Bosten Lake Basin exhibited an initial decline followed by a slight increase from 2000 to 2020. The areas with higher water yield values were primarily located in the northern section of the basin, which is characterized by higher altitude. Water conservation demonstrated a pattern of initial decrease followed by stabilization, with the northeastern region demonstrating higher water conservation values. In the projected LULC scenarios of 2030, the estimated water yield under scenarios S1 and S3 was marginally greater than that under scenario S2; while the level of water conservation across all three scenarios remained rather consistent. The results showed that Hejing County is an important water conservation function zone, and the eastern part of the Xiaoyouledusi Basin is particularly important and should be protected. The findings of this study offer a scientific foundation for advancing sustainable development in arid watersheds and facilitating efficient water resource management.
分类： 地球科学 >> 地质学 提交时间： 2024-06-21 合作期刊: 《干旱区科学》
摘要： Quantifying surface cracks in alpine meadows is a prerequisite and a key aspect in the study of grassland crack development. Crack characterization indices are crucial for the quantitative characterization of complex cracks, serving as vital factors in assessing the degree of cracking and the development morphology. So far, research on evaluating the degree of grassland degradation through crack characterization indices is rare, especially the quantitative analysis of the development of surface cracks in alpine meadows is relatively scarce. Therefore, based on the phenomenon of surface cracking during the degradation of alpine meadows in some regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, we selected the alpine meadow in the Huangcheng Mongolian Township, Menyuan Hui Autonomous County, Qinghai Province, China as the study area, used unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sensing technology to acquire low-altitude images of alpine meadow surface cracks at different degrees of degradation (light, medium, and heavy degradation), and analyzed the representative metrics characterizing the degree of crack development by interpreting the crack length, length density, branch angle, and burrow (rat hole) distribution density and combining them with in situ crack width and depth measurements. Finally, the correlations between the crack characterization indices and the soil and root parameters of sample plots at different degrees of degradation in the study area were analyzed using the grey relation analysis. The results revealed that with the increase of degradation, the physical and chemical properties of soil and the mechanical properties of root-soil composite changed significantly, the vegetation coverage reduced, and the root system aggregated in the surface layer of alpine meadow. As the degree of degradation increased, the fracture morphology developed from "linear" to "dendritic", and eventually to a complex and irregular "polygonal" pattern. The crack length, width, depth, and length density were identified as the crack characterization indices via analysis of variance. The results of grey relation analysis also revealed that the crack length, width, depth, and length density were all highly correlated with root length density, and as the degradation of alpine meadows intensified, the underground biomass increased dramatically, forming a dense layer of grass felt, which has a significant impact on the formation and expansion of cracks.
分类： 生物学 >> 生态学 提交时间： 2024-06-21 合作期刊: 《干旱区科学》
摘要： Nature reserves play a significant role in providing ecosystem services and are key sites for biodiversity conservation. The Tianchi Bogda Peak Natural Reserve (TBPNR), located in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, is an important ecological barrier area in the temperate arid zone. The evaluation of its important ecosystem services is of great significance to improve the management level and ecological protection efficiency of the reserve. In the present study, we assessed the spatiotemporal variations of four ecosystem services (including net primary productivity (NPP), water yield, soil conservation, and habitat quality) in the TBPNR from 2000 to 2020 based on the environmental and social data using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST) model. In addition, the coldspot and hotspot areas of ecosystem services were identified by hotspot analysis, and the trade-off and synergistic relationships between ecosystem services were analyzed using factor analysis in a geographic detector. During the study period, NPP and soil conservation values in the reserve increased by 48.20% and 25.56%, respectively; conversely, water yield decreased by 16.56%, and there was no significant change in habitat quality. Spatially, both NPP and habitat quality values were higher in the northern part and lower in the southern part, whereas water yield showed an opposite trend. Correlation analysis revealed that NPP showed a synergistic relationship with habitat quality and soil conservation, and exhibited a trade-off relationship with water yield. Water yield and habitat quality also had a trade-off relationship. NPP and habitat quality were affected by annual average temperature and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), respectively, while water yield and soil conservation were more affected by digital elevation model (DEM). Therefore, attention should be paid to the spatial distribution and dynamics of trade-off and synergistic relationships between ecosystem services in future ecological management. The findings of the present study provide a reference that could facilitate the sustainable utilization of ecosystem services in the typical fragile areas of Northwest China.
分类： 地球科学 >> 水文学 提交时间： 2024-06-21 合作期刊: 《干旱区科学》
摘要： Understanding the dynamics of surface water area and their drivers is crucial for human survival and ecosystem stability in inland arid and semi-arid areas. This study took Gansu Province, China, a typical area with complex terrain and variable climate, as the research subject. Based on Google Earth Engine, we used Landsat data and the Open-surface Water Detection Method with Enhanced Impurity Control method to monitor the spatiotemporal dynamics of surface water area in Gansu Province from 1985 to 2022, and quantitatively analyzed the main causes of regional differences in surface water area. The findings revealed that surface water area in Gansu Province expanded by 406.88 km2 from 1985 to 2022. Seasonal surface water area exhibited significant fluctuations, while permanent surface water area showed a steady increase. Notably, terrestrial water storage exhibited a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, correlated with the dynamics of surface water area. Climate change and human activities jointly affected surface hydrological processes, with the impact of climate change being slightly higher than that of human activities. Spatially, climate change affected the 'source' of surface water to a greater extent, while human activities tended to affect the 'destination' of surface water. Challenges of surface water resources faced by inland arid and semi-arid areas like Gansu Province are multifaceted. Therefore, we summarized the surface hydrology patterns typical in inland arid and semi-arid areas and tailored surface water 'supply-demand' balance strategies. The study not only sheds light on the dynamics of surface water area in Gansu Province, but also offers valuable insights for ecological protection and surface water resource management in inland arid and semi-arid areas facing water scarcity.
分类： 地球科学 >> 大气科学 提交时间： 2024-06-21 合作期刊: 《干旱区科学》
摘要： Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) plays a crucial role in determining plant physiological functions and exerts a substantial influence on vegetation, second only to carbon dioxide (CO2). As a robust indicator of atmospheric water demand, VPD has implications for global water resources, and its significance extends to the structure and functioning of ecosystems. However, the influence of VPD on vegetation growth under climate change remains unclear in China. This study employed empirical equations to estimate the VPD in China from 2000 to 2020 based on meteorological reanalysis data of the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) Time-Series version 4.06 (TS4.06) and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis 5 (ERA-5). Vegetation growth status was characterized using three vegetation indices, namely gross primary productivity (GPP), leaf area index (LAI), and near-infrared reflectance of vegetation (NIRv). The spatiotemporal dynamics of VPD and vegetation indices were analyzed using the Theil-Sen median trend analysis and Mann-Kendall test. Furthermore, the influence of VPD on vegetation growth and its relative contribution were assessed using a multiple linear regression model. The results indicated an overall negative correlation between VPD and vegetation indices. Three VPD intervals for the correlations between VPD and vegetation indices were identified: a significant positive correlation at VPD below 4.820 hPa, a significant negative correlation at VPD within 4.820–9.000 hPa, and a notable weakening of negative correlation at VPD above 9.000 hPa. VPD exhibited a pronounced negative impact on vegetation growth, surpassing those of temperature, precipitation, and solar radiation in absolute magnitude. CO2 contributed most positively to vegetation growth, with VPD offsetting approximately 30.00% of the positive effect of CO2. As the rise of VPD decelerated, its relative contribution to vegetation growth diminished. Additionally, the intensification of spatial variations in temperature and precipitation accentuated the spatial heterogeneity in the impact of VPD on vegetation growth in China. This research provides a theoretical foundation for addressing climate change in China, especially regarding the challenges posed by increasing VPD
分类： 地球科学 >> 大气科学 提交时间： 2024-06-21 合作期刊: 《干旱区科学》
摘要： Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas that has a substantial impact on global warming due to its substantial influence on the greenhouse effect. Increasing extreme precipitation events, such as drought, attributable to global warming that caused by greenhouse gases, exert a profound impact on the intricate biological processes associated with CH4 uptake. Notably, the timing of extreme drought occurrence emerges as a pivotal factor influencing CH4 uptake, even when the degree of drought remains constant. However, it is still unclear how the growing season regulates the response of CH4 uptake to extreme drought. In an effort to bridge this knowledge gap, we conducted a field manipulative experiment to evaluate the impact of extreme drought on CH4 uptake during early, middle, and late growing stages in a temperate steppe of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. The result showed that all extreme drought consistently exerted positive effects on CH4 uptake regardless of seasonal timing. However, the magnitude of this effect varied depending on the timing of season, as evidenced by a stronger effect in early growing stage than in middle and late growing stages. Besides, the pathways of CH4 uptake were different from seasonal timing. Extreme drought affected soil physical-chemical properties and aboveground biomass (AGB), consequently leading to changes in CH4 uptake. The structural equation model showed that drought both in the early and middle growing stages enhanced CH4 uptake due to reduced soil water content (SWC), leading to a decrease in NO3–-N and an increase in pmoA abundance. However, drought in late growing stage primarily enhanced CH4 uptake only by decreasing SWC. Our results suggested that seasonal timing significantly contributed to regulate the impacts of extreme drought pathways and magnitudes on CH4 uptake. The findings can provide substantial implications for understanding how extreme droughts affect CH4 uptake and improve the prediction of potential ecological consequence under future climate change.
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