Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： Regression is one of a usual phenomenon in normal reading. But the eye movements go against normal reading order during regressions. According to the eye moving distance during regressing, researchers divide regressions into long-distance regressions and short-distance regressions. Some English studies suggest that long-distance regressions are guided by memory and two theories can explain the mechanisms of regression, which are the spatial coding hypothesis and the verbal reconstruction hypothesis. Both theories have their rationality and get some studies' supporting, but there are some arguments between them. The spatial coding hypothesis suggests that the eye movements are guided by spatial memory during regressions, but the other suggests that they are guided by verbal memory. And researchers find that first regression was always followed by some small corrective saccades. There is also no consensus among researchers on the guiding mechanism of corrective saccades. The purpose of this study is to explore the guiding mechanism of long-distance regression in Chinese reading and to provide new evidence for the resolution of this dispute. In order to explore the effect of memory on regressions, we recruited 20 students as participants in Experiment 1, and divided them into 2 groups: reading group and non-reading group. First, the reading group was presented with a sentence. After reading the sentence, the subjects were presented with a cue word. The subjects were required to locate the cue wword in the sentence. The non-reading group was presented with the cue word directly, and a sentence was presented before the cue word. The subjects were asked to locate the cue word in the sentence. The formal experiment was organized into a 2×2×3 mixed experimental design. The first variable was the reading condition with 2 levels: reading and non-reading; the second variable was the word frequency with 2 levels: high-frequency words and low-frequency words; the third variable was word location with 3 levels: in the first/middle/last third of the sentence. In Experiment 2, we adopted the procedure similar to Experiment 1 for exploring the effect of text visibility on corrective saccades with another 20 student as participants. It was also a 2×2×3 mixed experimental design, and only the first variable was different. The first variable in Experiment 2 was regression visibility with 2 levels: visible and invisible. It meant that the participants in visible condition, they could see the sentence which they have read before. On the contrary, the participants in invisible condition, when they regressed the goal word, the sentence was masked by ‘※'. In both experiments, we adopted 4 measures of regressions, included initial regression size, initial regression error, and cumulative regression size and regression reaction time. The results in Experiment 1 indicated that initial regression error was higher in the non-reading group than in the reading group. Initial regression size was not different between the two groups, but the first regressing location of the reading group was related with prearranged word location rather than the non-reading group. Word location was significant in all measures except initial regression size. The results in Experiment 2 indicated that initial regression error was shorter in the invisible group than in the visible group and initial regression size was higher in the invisible group than in the visible group. It was because the invisible group might use more time to read. Cumulative regression size was higher in the invisible group than in the visible group. Word location was significant with initial regression size and initial regression error. Word frequency was not significant in all two experiment conditions. The results proved that initial regression was guided by spatial memory. Verbal attributes such as word frequency had no significant effect on regression. Corrective saccade affected by text visibility.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The conservation and utilization of black soil have achieved remarkable results under effective measures and active promo#2;tion taken by different departments in China. At present, the conservation and utilization of black soil have been upgraded to national strategy and incorporated into related planning and outline, major scientific advances have been achieved. The black soil conservation and utilization have also been listed into the important governmental schedules in Heilongjiang Province, Jilin Province, Liaoning Prov#2;ince, and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in Northeast China. The promotional mechanisms of black soil conservation and utiliza#2;tion have been established, approaches of black soil conservation and utilization have been proposed according to the local conditions, Lishu model and Longjiang model were established, soil fertility of six soil types in black soil has been enhanced, mass satisfaction has reached 100% according to the questionnaire survey, social and public participation awareness has been significantly improved. Additionally, black soil conservation and utilization could rely on related regulations and specifications under continuous improvement, and will rely on related national law in the future. Nevertheless, there are still a range of problems to be solved for further work in black soil conservation and utilization, such as whether the thick black soil layer can be maintained under current practices, whether soil with thin black soil layer can restore to soil with thick black soil layer by the technology innovation, how to simultaneously realize obstacle abatement and soil fertilization of albic soil with low input, and what are the threshold values of wind erosion and run off in black soil zone. In the future, black soil conservation and utilization should focused on strengthening top-level design, playing a full guiding role of Outline of the Northeast Black Soil Conservation (2017–2030) and Implementation Programme of National Black Soil Conservation Project (2021–2025), establishing black soil conservation zone in the north of black soil zone (N 45°) with area of more than 4×104 km2 in order to reach the objective of black soil sustainable utilization, breaking through technical bottlenecks of constructing fertile cul#2;tivated layer for soil with thin black soil layer in order to realize improvement in black soil fertility and enhance the crop yield, build#2;ing field observation stations with long slope in sloping arable areas focused on drainage technology with low energy and controlling groove erosion, setting up soil wind erosion monitor network in order to provide important reference for developing technology of con#2;trolling wind erosion.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2019-08-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Plant diversity monitoring is an important basis for species conservation and vegetation landscape planning, and it is of great significance for the implementation of priority area protection for biodiversity. Taking the main urban area of Haikou city as an example, this paper analyzed the correlation between vegetation index and the plant diversity index by applying remote sensing data from Landsat 8 and measured data in site, and then further built the mathematical model of remote sensing monitoring for plant diversity and screened out the optimal model that is used to predict the spatial distribution of plant diversity in the study area. The result showed that Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson diversity index and Pielou evenness index had the highest correlation coefficient with MSAVI vegetation index, with a significant correlation (P<0.01). The spatial distribution of plant diversity in Haikou acquired from the unitary linear regression model is consistent with the actual situation. The areas with higher plant diversity were mainly distributed in the volcanic crater, Dongzhai harbor and Yangshan wetland, which have obvious spatial self-correlation. According to results obtained from this research, continual implementation of strict conservation measures, enhancement of ecological restoration and conservation projects, and improvement of vegetation coverage and biodiversity are recommended.
Subjects: Dynamic and Electric Engineering >> Electrical Engineering submitted time 2019-03-05 Cooperative journals: 《电气工程学报》
Abstract：针对 IEEE 次同步谐振第一标准测试系统，提出抑制次同步谐振的可控串补 （TCSC）方案。利用 PSCAD/EMTDC 仿真软件，建立 TCSC 及其控制仿真模型，仿真 研究得到能抑制次同步谐振的可控串补和固定串补组合方案。采用开环阻抗控制策略 对 TCSC 抑制次同步谐振的性能进行仿真验证。
Subjects: Mechanical Engineering >> Other Disciplines of Mechanical Engineering submitted time 2018-06-15 Cooperative journals: 《电气工程学报》
Abstract： According to the IEEE SSR first benchmark system, proposed to suppress sub synchronous resonance controllable series compensation (TCSC) scheme. By using PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software, the establishment of TCSC and its control simulation model, simulation study can suppress sub synchronous resonance with controllable series compensation and fixed series compensation combination scheme. By using open loop impedance control strategy of TCSC the performance of inhibiting sub synchronous resonance simulation.
Subjects: Dynamic and Electric Engineering >> Engineering Thermophysics submitted time 2017-10-17 Cooperative journals: 《工程热物理学报》
Abstract：考虑详细化学反应及输运过程,对不可压N-S方程直接数值求解,研究了低温化学影响下的火焰水力学及胞状不稳定性。结果表明,预热后已发生低温化学反应的混合气,其火焰的扰动增长率明显大于未发生低温反应的混合气火焰。通过对预热后混合气火焰的关键参数分析,发现和未预热混气火焰相比其无量纲释热量、Lewis数及Zeldovich数都显著减小。依据已有理论可知,在Lewis数大于1的条件下,上述参数的减小将使得胞状不稳定性对扰动增长的抑制作用减弱。因此,预热后火焰的增长率明显增大。同时,在低温反应中,大量自由基和其它小分子的形成,使得预热后混合气火焰Lewis数减小,从而其火焰胞状结构的深度和高度都变小。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2017-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract：研究了Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu、Sn1.0Ag0.5Cu和Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu钎料的熔化特性、润湿性、力学性能、显微组织及热循环后的界面组织演化。结果表明：随着Ag含量的增加，钎料的熔点变化不大，钎料的润湿角显著降低，氮气氛围条件下，三种钎料的润湿性均出现明显的提高。此外，三种焊点的力学性能也随着Ag含量的增加显著提高。Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu、Sn1.0Ag0.5Cu焊点的内部组织存在着少量的Ag3Sn和大颗粒Cu6Sn5化合物，且分布杂乱，而Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu焊点的显微组织明显均匀细化，这也是Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu、Sn1.0Ag0.5Cu焊点的力学性能低于Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu的原因。对焊点进行热循环处理，发现三种焊点界面金属间化合物的厚度明显增加，界面IMC层的形貌也由原来扇贝状向层状转化。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《腐蚀科学与防护技术》
Abstract： To improve the over sedimentation of fillers, the poor adhesive strength and wear resistance of ceramic/epoxy (EP) composite coating, SiO2 powder with particle size of 5~50 μm was sprayed on the surface of liquid epoxy coating to let the particles settling naturally in the coating. The graded SiO2/EP composite coating was prepared by controlling the curing temperature and time and thereby the sedimentation depth of the SiO2 particles of different sizes. It follows that the adhesive strength and wear resistance of the SiO2/EP composite coating prepared by the new process is higher than that prepared by the traditional blending method.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2017-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《腐蚀科学与防护技术》
Abstract：管网腐蚀问题是影响供水管网安全输配的最重要问题之一。管材的腐蚀与管网微生物生命活动密切相关。大量研究表明管壁表面普遍存在的生物膜是影响水相，生物膜与管材基质界面腐蚀作用的关键因素。深入分析生物膜微环境的结构、成分、微生物群落结构的动态变化规律是揭示管网腐蚀机理和防护管网腐蚀的重要手段。本文简介了近些年在生物膜微环境分析领域迅速发展的显微镜观测技术，表面分析技术和微电极技术，分析对比多种技术的优势和不足，简要介绍其在腐蚀研究中的应用，并探讨了生物膜微环境分析技术在供水管网腐蚀问题中的研究方向。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：机体的生长激素（GH）/类胰岛素样生长因子（IGFs）轴由GH系统和IGFs系统构成，可促进细胞增殖、调节生长发育、调控生理代谢，在机体生长发育调控方面有着重要作用。为明确棘腹蛙GH/IGFs轴的功能结构和进化特征，为棘腹蛙生长发育调控方面的研究提供理论依据，本试验对棘腹蛙GH、类胰岛素生长因子-Ⅰ（IGF-Ⅰ）和类胰岛素生长因子-Ⅱ(IGF-Ⅱ)进行克隆并对其序列特征进行分析。结果发现：1）与两栖类模式动物的多重序列比对发现棘腹蛙GH、IGF-Ⅰ和IGF-Ⅱ的功能结构域严格保守，具有一定的遗传多态性；IGF-Ⅱ的N端呈简缩进化趋势。2）遗传进化聚类分析发现棘腹蛙IGFs与两栖动物聚为一支，并与硬骨鱼相对近缘，说明IGF-Ⅰ和IGF-Ⅱ进化地位相对原始；棘腹蛙GH则与蛙类、鱼类等水生动物相对近缘，暗示该基因具有趋同进化趋势。3）为进一步明确上述基因的特异性功能位点，利用SWISS软件解析其蛋白质结构，最终确定IGF-Ⅰ的THR52、LEU53、PHE72、PHE73、SER74为潜在的功能分化位点，IGF-Ⅱ的TYR81、LYS82、LYS83为潜在的功能分化位点，GH的PHE208为潜在的功能分化位点。由此可知，棘腹蛙GH/IGFs轴的主要基因相对保守，但与已知模式物种相比，存在潜在的功能分化位点，可作为后期棘腹蛙GH/IGF轴功能研究和遗传进化特征分析的分子靶标。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2017-04-10 Cooperative journals: 《材料研究学报》
Abstract：采用电子束熔丝成形工艺制备 TC18 钛合金试件，研究了其柱状晶组织的生长和晶体取向的分布规律。 结果表明，用电子束熔丝成形工艺制备的 TC18 钛合金，其宏观金相组织为沿竖直方向生长的粗大柱状晶，以 外延生长的方式从熔池底部长大。受成形过程中特殊传热条件的影响，电子束熔丝成形钛合金组织中的 TC18 钛合金晶体形成特定方向的择优取向，α、β两相晶体取向分布都有明显的规律。在成形组织外延生长的 情况下，β相向α相晶体结构的转变具有继承性。其中大多数β晶粒有方向的强丝织构，柱状晶间β相的宏 观取向也有明显的特征，分布方向集中为 TD、LD 及法面 ND。β→α转变严格遵循 Burgers 取向关系，由同一个 母相β晶粒内析出的片层α/α满足 Burgers 取向关系所要求的取向差分布，柱状晶内的α主要有 6 种取向，β→α转 变过程有较强的变体选择。
Subjects: Mechanics >> Applied Mechanics submitted time 2023-03-20 Cooperative journals: 《应用力学学报》
Abstract： The changes of peak flexion and extension moments , peak power, joint work , joint impulsemoments , and cumulative joint impulse moments per unit distance of knee and ankle joints at different nun-ning speeds were compared to explore the effects of different running speeds on the single touchdown loadand cumulative load characteristics of lower limb joints. 'Twelve young male college students were recruitedas subjects , and the kinetic parameters of their knee and ankle joints were collected simultaneously using VICON infrared high-speed motion capture system and Bertec Fit 3D ergometer at four speeds of 8 km/ h,10 km/h,12 km/h and 14 km/ h. The peak flexion and extension moments , peak power , joint work , impulsemoments and joint cumulative impulse moments per unit distance of knee and ankle joints were analyzed.'The results show that the plantarflexion peak moment of the ankle during the support period , the peak pow-er during the landing cushion period and the off-ground pedal extension period and the joint work by theankle joint all increase significantly ( P<0.05) with the increase of speed. But , the peak extension mo-ment , peak power and joint work of knee during the support period do not change significantly (P>0.05)with the increase of speed. The cumulative impulse moments of the knee and ankle joints during the 1 kmrun decreased significantly (P<0.05) with the increase of speed , and the single step impulse moments ofthe knee and ankle joints do not change significantly (P>0.05 ). The increase of running speed do notaffect the single touchdown impulse moments of the ankle and knee in male college students , but it canreduce the cumulative impulse moments per unit distance of the knee and ankle joints. The plantarflexionpeak moment , peak power , and joint work in the ankle joint in male college students increase significantlywith the increase of running speed.Therefore , within a certain speed range , the increase in nunning speeddoes not increase the risk of knee , while the effect of running speed on the ankle needs further study.
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2017-03-08 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：在松嫩平原西部吉林省大安市乐胜乡，于2013年4月20日选择盐碱程度不均一的典型盐渍化旱田地块，面积为4.8 hm2作为研究样地。利用EM38大地电导率仪测定结合田间定点采样，并通过经典统计和地统计相结合的方法研究了盐渍化旱田土壤表观电导率空间变异特征，分析了土壤表观电导率与土壤盐碱指标之间的关系。结果表明，盐渍化旱田土壤水平方向表观电导率（ECh）经对数转换后具有强空间自相关，其变异特征主要是与地形地貌和水文状况等结构性因素有关。垂直方向表观电导率（ECv）经对数转换后具有中等空间自相关性，其变异特征受结构性因素和随机因素共同作用。ECh和Cv半方差模拟的最优模型分别为球状模型和指数模型。Pearson分析表明土壤表观电导率（ECh和ECv>）与土壤盐碱指标EC1：5、pH1：5、SAR、SC、Na+、CO32-、HCO3-呈正相关关系（Ph>来指示土壤的盐碱程度。回归分析表明土壤表观电导率（ECh和ECv）与土壤盐碱指标呈线性相关，且ECh回归模型的决定系数均大于ECv回归模型的决定系数，可用水平方向土壤表观电导率（ECh>）来计算土壤盐碱指标，进行土壤盐渍化的快速评估。
Subjects: Physics >> Electromagnetism, Optics, Acoustics, Heat Transfer, Classical Mechanics, and Fluid Dynamics submitted time 2022-08-30
Abstract： Periodic optical systems, such as photonic crystals and optical metamaterials, can localize high-density electromagnetic field energy at subwavelength scales and obtain extremely small mode volumes, so they have great application potential in the field of light manipulation. In recent years, a strong interaction between light and matter in periodic optical systems has been discovered, which is called bound states in continuum (BIC). Optics BICs are special electromagnetic eigenstates those frequencies lie in the radiation continuum but are completely localized, and have shown interesting physics and rich application scenarios. This paper systematically reviews the classification and theory of BICs in periodic optical systems, and summarizes their basic physical properties and the latest application development. BICs in periodic optical systems are injecting new impetus into the fields of integrated optics, information optics, bio-optics, topological optics, and nonlinear optics.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2018-05-10 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：我国拥有丰富的海岸带蓝色碳汇，准确把握海岸带蓝碳生态系统净初级生产力（NPP）状况，辨识不同人为干扰下蓝碳生态系统NPP的时空分布特征具有重要意义。以黄河三角洲为研究区，以近30a（1987年、1995年、2005年、2016-2017年）为时间尺度，通过遥感手段和现场调查，对黄河三角洲NPP时空变化特征及其主要影响因素进行研究。结果显示：（1）近30年来研究区NPP均值和总量呈现先下降又略微增长的特征，2016-2017年度NPP平均值为294.38g C m-2 a-1，总量为710.05 Gg C/a，表现出显著的季节差异。（2）研究区NPP在各行政区、保护区和地表覆盖类型中均表现出了明显的空间分异性；2016-2017年度NPP分区结果显示，不同分区面积由大到小依次为中生产力区（49.5%）、低生产力区（38.3%）和高生产力区（12.1%）。（3）研究区NPP的时空分异性是地表覆盖类型和植被生长状况共同影响的结果，海陆交互作用、开发利用活动和近年来的生态建设是NPP时空变化的主要影响因素。（4）湿地植被和农田是研究区碳汇的主要贡献者，20世纪90年代以来二者NPP均值逐渐上升，在2016-2016年度分别达570.28g C m-2 a-1和335.92g C m-2 a-1；近30年来，湿地植被NPP总量逐渐减少，农田NPP总量则逐渐增加。湿地植被是海岸带蓝碳的典型载体，农田作为位于滨海地区、由湿地植被转化而来、本身具有较高固碳能力和潜力的碳汇类型，可作为海岸带蓝碳的重要补充。
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2018-06-15 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To assess the value of preoperative serum albumin level in predicting the survival of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). Methods Two hundred and sixteen newly diagnosed patients with NMIBC who underwent TURBT between January, 2007 and April, 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were categorized into low albumin (<40 g/L) and normal albumin (≥40 g/L) groups. The patient survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional analyses were used to determine the hazard ratios (HRs) for the overall survival (OS). Results Of the patients with available data, 82 (39%) and 127 (61%) patients were classified into low albumin (<40 g/L) and normal albumin (≥40 g/L) groups, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significantly worse 5-year OS in low albumin group than in normal albumin group (P=0.017). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, after adjusting for confounding variables, the preoperative albumin level remained as an independent predictor for 5-year OS (HR: 3.102, 95%CI: 1.200-8.020, P=0.020). Conclusion A low preoperative albumin level predicts a poor 5-year OS in patients with NMIBC who underwent TURBT. Preoperative serum albumin can be a good prognostic factor for predicting survival of the patients with NMIBC treated with TURBT.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： 2022 Technology Focus report developed by the Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASISD), is based on the role of “Technology Focus” in the fields of information, energy, life and material manufacturing in the new technological revolution. We select and determine “20 High-impact Patented Technology Focus” from the 32 “Technology Focus” areas that are highlighted in the report. It briefly describes the basic meaning, technological innovation challenges, and the research path. Based on the distribution of comprehensive influence scores of patent data in “Technology Focus”, it reveals the technical innovation points and the characteristics of the national institutions of the patents with higher scores. Finally, three conclusions are given: (1) the technology focus characterizes the “difficulties” and “pain points” of industrial technological innovation in many fields around the world; (2) developed countries in science and technology occupy the commanding heights of most “Technology Focus”; and (3) the patent patent ownership institutions in the “Technology Focus” are leaders in industrial technological innovation.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In 2022, Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASISD), the National Science Library, CAS, and Clarivate Analytics released their joint report Research Fronts 2022. The report utilized the Essential Science Indicators (ESI) database to do co-citation analysis. The 2022 report started from 12 610 research fronts in ESI and identified a total of 165 research fronts, including hot and emerging specialties spanning 11 broad research areas in sciences and social sciences. With the 165 research fronts and the related core papers and citing papers as the basis for analysis, this study summarized 8 development trends in science and technology, and recent trends and key research questions in 11 broad research areas, aiming to provide reference for studying and forecasting the major development trends in science and technology, summarizing important research issues and then making systematic deployment.
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