Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Based on the particularity of children and the adjustment of birth policy in recent years，the development of pediatrician team is becoming more and more important. However，most of the current studies on the shortage of pediatricians are qualitative，lacking of quantitative researches. Objective To establish a multi-perspective demand forecasting model，comprehensively analyze the shortage of pediatricians in Jiangsu，and provide reference for promoting the development of children's health during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period in Jiangsu Province and accelerating the construction of pediatrician team in the new era. Methods According to the relevant indicators of pediatric medical services in Jiangsu Province in 2018 obtained from "2018 Jiangsu Provincial Health Service Survey and Analysis Report"，and the basic data of pediatrics in each city of Jiangsu Province was obtained from "2019 Jiangsu Provincial Statistical Yearbook" and the database of the Jiangsu Provincial Health Statistics Information Center. Using SPSS 24.0 analysis software，a multi-perspective demand forecasting model was developed from the perspectives of supply and demand，and a comprehensive analysis of the number of pediatrician shortage in Jiangsu Province was performed. Results The proportion of female physicians in the pediatrician team in Jiangsu is relatively high. The young and middle pediatricians occupy a leading position. The academic backgrounds of the pediatricians are mainly undergraduate. The professional title structure is much reasonable. Most of pediatricians have been working for over 20 years. Combined with the basic situation of the pediatrician team in Jiangsu and the perspective of supply and demand，the shortage number of pediatricians in Jiangsu Province was 18 300 and the average shortage number of physicians in 13 cities is 1 500. Conclusion There is an overdemand of resources for pediatric care and a high workload for physicians with an imbalance in the gender and title structure of the workforce; the special practice environment leads to increased practice risk. It is necessary to strengthen the personnel training and introduction policies，consolidate the professional foundation of personnel，and explore a new management model of "Internet + medical consortium".
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： During the commuting time, the activities employees used to reduce their physical and mental stress and restore their physical and psychological resources to their normal state are called “commuting recovery activities”. Commuting recovery activities may have a dynamic, cross-domain impact on individuals' work passion. Through the diary research method and potential profile analysis, from short-term to long-term research on the dynamic impact, internal mechanism and boundary conditions of commuting recovery activities on work passion, three key issues were planned to be solved. First, how do commuting recovery activities affect employees' harmonious work passion and obsessive work passion and what are their internal mechanisms? Second, how do employees with different self-regulation patterns play a moderating effect based on the mechanism of commuting recovery activities on work passion? Third, how does the different profile of possible combination of commuting recovery activities affect work passion? The in-depth discussion of these issues not only makes up for the neglected but important research flaws in commuting research and recovery research, but also has strong practical significance for people to increase their work passion by carrying out and improving commuting recovery activities.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract： With the fast development of industry, pollution becomes a very serious problem. The industrial and life wastewater are discharged and cause the environment pollution. Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) becomes the most effective method to treat the wastewater. But the material used in the equipment plays a key role in restricting the application of the SCWO process. Currently, during the SCWO wastewater treatment process, 304 austenitic stainless steel, Alloy 625, P91 and P92 steels are the main preheater and reactor materials. In order to reduce the serious corrosion and improve economic efficiency of the materials for this process, a new corrosion resistant Ni-based alloy X-2# alloy has been developed with an aim of replacing the previous ones. In particular, it is highly important to the related behavior of this new alloy welding with the original SCWO. Therefore, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welding joint of the new alloy and alloy 625 with manual argon arc welding were investigated. The microstructure and fracture morphologies of the welding joint were analyzed by OM, SEM and EDX. The micro- hardness, tensile strength and other mechanical properties were tested and analyzed. The results indicated that more isometric crystals in remelting zone to improve the welding seam strength and the microstructure in fusion zone of X-2# side did not show welding defects. However, some NbC and Laves phases formed near the fusion zone of 625 alloy sides, which affected the mechanical properties of material. Due to the influence of two thermal cycles near the remelting zone, the grains of heat affected zone (HAZ) were easy to grow. But the thermal stability of X-2# side HAZ could reach excellent level. Fine grains of 625 parent material led to grain growth seriously in HAZ, which reduced its Vickers hardness. Because of the tensile strength of welding joints of room temperature and 500 ℃ was lower than the parent materials, the welding seam could be the weakest link. The tesile fracture of X-2#/625 dissimilar metal welding joint was dimple morphology.
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2020-11-19 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：基于甘肃省清水县汤峪河径流小区2015—2017年的观测数据，研究不同植被恢复模式条件 下坡面次降雨入渗、产流产沙特征。结果表明：不同植被恢复模式条件下的土壤入渗量与降雨强度呈二次函数关系，存在入渗量达到最大值的临界降雨强度。入渗速率与降雨历时可以用幂函数关系表达，符合考斯恰可夫入渗模型。不同植被恢复模式条件下的产流率在0.003 3～0.003 6 mm·min-1之间，相对裸地的减流率为54%～58%。产流率与降雨强度之间呈二次函数关系（R2＞0.88），产流率的主要影响因素是降雨强度。径流含沙量平均值乔灌混合区（3.13 g·L-1）＞灌木林（2.95 g·L-1）＞乔木林（2.79 g·L-1）＞草地（2.58 g·L-1），径流含沙量与降雨强度呈线性递增函数关系。裸地的产沙量显著高于各植被小区（P＜0.05），是各植被小区的43～57倍，各植被小区的减沙率在93%～94%之间，减沙效益高于其减流效益。各植被坡面土壤流失量与降雨侵蚀力呈线性递增函数关系；产流率与侵蚀产沙率之间呈极显著正相关关系（P＜0.01），二者间可采用二次函数关系表达。本研究成果可为黄土高原丘陵沟壑区水土保持优化配置提供理论依据。
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2019-03-11 Cooperative journals: 《协和医学杂志》
Abstract：目的术中血液回收技术(intraoperative blood salvage, IBS)是临床常用的一种血液保护技术，但术后自体血液回输存在肌松药物残留问题。顺苯磺酸阿曲库铰(cis-atracurium besilate, Cisa)是一种新型肌松药物，本研究观察Lisa应用于接受IBS患者的临床安全性。方法前瞻性分析比较2017年3月至2017年6月50例在北京积水潭医院脊柱科接受全身麻醉下腰椎减压内固定手术的腰椎间盘患者50例。患者顺序纳人，前25例进人试验组，后25例进人对照组。全身麻醉后应用Lisa作为肌松药，采用IBS技术于术中采集术野自体血并洗涤。术后人恢复室后，常规监测四个成串刺激比(train-of-four stimulation ratio, TOF)以评估肌肉恢复情况，拔除气管插管后每隔5 min记录TOF值，共观察40 min。试验组患者于拔除气管插管后一次性输人术中收集的自体血，对照组于观察结束后回输自体血。分析并比较两组患者术前及观察结束时动脉血氧分压(arterial partial pressure of oxygen, Pa0=)和二氧化碳分压(partial pressure of carbon dioxide in artery, PaCO=)用于评估呼吸功能恢复情况。结果所有患者完成全部观察内容，其中男女比例1:1，年龄(55. 1士11. 1)岁，体重(72. 7士9. 8) hg,两组基线资料均衡，TOF值随时间推迟呈上升趋势，但两组患者在40 min观察点上TOF增加值无统计学差异[(9.6士7.3)%比(9. 5士8. 1)%,尸= 0. 963 ]。两组患者在观察期结束时均出现一定程度的呼吸功能不全，但两组间PaCO=;#30;,,} ]4.4 (2.0,8. 0} mm Hg比4.8 (0, 7. 1) mm Hg, P=0.312)和Pa0=}i,.}.} } 3. 2(一2.4, 7.9) mm Hg比7. 2(一1.6, 13.0) mm Hg, P=0. 133]并无统计学差异。结论全身麻醉下接受IBS的患者使用Lisa作为肌松药物是安全有效的。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2016-11-04 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract：通过对一种新型镍基耐蚀合金(X-2#)手工氩弧焊接接头拉伸性能和硬度的测试，并结合OM，SEM和EDS等技术系统研究了焊接接头的组织和性能。结果表明，X-2#合金焊接接头焊缝区为铸态组织，熔合区从基体到焊缝金属组织过渡良好，热影响区没有晶粒明显粗化现象，母材晶粒度为5级有利于接头的焊接。新合金焊缝区的维氏硬度值小于基体，但焊缝重熔区的维氏硬度值由于等轴晶数量增多而变大。合金中W和Mo等固溶强化元素及Al和Ti沉淀强化元素使X-2#合金焊接接头具有较好的高温强度及热稳定性。合金焊接接头室温与高温下的抗拉强度均低于母材，焊接系数η大于88%，焊缝区为接头最薄弱环节，拉伸断口均为韧性断口，断裂机制为正断与剪切断的混合断裂。
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2016-11-04 Cooperative journals: 《金属学报》
Abstract：通过对一种新型镍基耐蚀合金U26-2#与625合金手工氩弧焊接接头拉伸性能和硬度的测试，并结合OM，SEM和EDS分析等手段研究了焊接接头的组织和性能。结果表明，U26-2#/625异种金属焊接焊缝重熔区等轴晶组织增多，有利于提高焊缝区强度。U26-2#合金一侧熔合区组织过度良好，而625合金一侧晶界有NbC和Laves相析出，影响材料的力学性能。热影响区在靠近重熔区附近的晶粒由于受2次热循环的影响，出现晶粒长大现象，而U26-2#合金一侧热影响区的热稳定性较好。625合金母材晶粒细小导致其热影响区晶粒长大明显，从而使625合金一侧热影响区的维氏硬度值降低。U26-2#/625焊接接头在室温到700 ℃下的抗拉强度均低于2侧母材，焊缝区为接头最薄弱环节，断口形貌均为韧窝状的韧性断口。
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