Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2024-06-20 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
MA Ning1 ，ZHAO Yang1*，LYU Shaobo1 ，ZHANG Haodong1 ，WANG Changming2 ，MENG Jie1
ZHAO Yang
LYU Shaobo
ZHANG Haodong
WANG Changming
MENG Jie
Abstract： Background The sleep characteristics of school-age children have a crucial impact on the development of emotional and behavioral problems. Sleep characteristics also play a role in the development of executive function in school#2;age children. There is a close relationship between the emergence of emotional and behavioral problems and the development of executive function in these children. Currently，there are few studies on the mediating effect of the relationship between sleep characteristics，executive function，and emotional and behavioral problems in school-age children. Objective To explore the relationship between sleep characteristics，executive function，and emotional and behavioral problems in school-age children，and to examine the mediating role of executive function in the relationship between sleep characteristics and emotional and behavioral problems. Methods From August 21 to October 8，2021，a convenience sampling method was used to select 516 school-age children from grades 1 to 6 in Xiwu Primary School and the Fourth Experimental Primary School in Shexian County，Handan City，Hebei Province. The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire（CSHQ），the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire（SDQ），and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function（BRIEF） were used to assess the sleep characteristics，emotional and behavioral problems，and executive function of the school-age children，respectively. Correlation analysis，regression analysis，and mediation analysis were conducted using SPSS 27.0 and the PROCESSv4.1 plugin. Results A total of 516 questionnaires were distributed，and 496 valid questionnaires were recovered，with an effective recovery rate of 96.1%. Correlation analysis showed that the total score of the CSHQ was negatively correlated with the Behavioral Regulation Index（BRI），Metacognition Index（MI），inhibition，shifting，emotional control，task initiation，working memory，planning，organization，and monitoring factors of the BRIEF（P<0.001）. The total score of the SDQ was positively correlated with the BRI，MI，inhibition，shifting，emotional control，task initiation，working memory，planning，organization，and monitoring factors of the BRIEF（P<0.001）. Forced entry method results showed that sleep characteristics negatively predicted emotional and behavioral problems（B=-0.15，t=-5.33，P<0.01），while executive function positively predicted emotional and behavioral problems（B=0.13，t=20.88，P<0.01）. Mediation analysis showed that when executive function，BRI，and MI were used as mediating variables，there was a complete mediating effect between sleep characteristics and emotional and behavioral problems in children. The 95% CI for both the main effect and the indirect effect did not include 0（P<0.001），and the 95% CI for the direct effect included 0（P>0.05）. Conclusion There is a close relationship between sleep characteristics，executive function，and emotional and behavioral problems in school-age children. Executive function has a complete mediating effect on the relationship between sleep characteristics and emotional and behavioral problems. This finding emphasizes the importance of good sleep for the behavioral and emotional well-being of school-age children and provides new perspectives and intervention approaches for enhancing executive function and overall development in school-age children.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Public opinion governance research is a typical think tank research driven by big data, which should deal with the “five major challenges” faced by China’s economic transformation, social transformation, and reform challenges, namely, risk intertwined challenges, modeling complexity challenges, interdisciplinary challenges, social impact challenges, and scenario uncertainty challenges. The Think Tank Double Helix Methodology provides an effective research paradigm to guide the whole process of public opinion governance and think tank research. Based on this methodology, opinion research could effectively respond to the five significant challenges and serve the demands of national governance. This paper demonstrates a deep understanding of the relationship between the risk and value of the public opinion. It is also explained how to use the Think Tank Double Helix Methodology to promote the interdisciplinary integration of theoretical methods of public opinion academic research, improve the scientific and professional level of the logical framework of think tank research, and break down the cognitive barriers of the transformation from academic research to think tank research. This methodology provides thinking, process, operation, and organizational guidance. Under this guidance, we adhere to the problem-oriented, evidence-oriented, and scientific-oriented to conduct opinion think tank research. We establish a full-chain risk response mechanism, including public opinion collection, judgment, disposal, and response. We improve the risk rating system, including public opinion monitoring, early warning, prevention, and resolution, build a value shaping system including public opinion dissemination, guidance, influence, and credibility. This methodology promotes the research of public opinion think tanks from empirical to scientific research, from discrete to systematic approach, from a single discipline basis to comprehensive and consistent research from pure academic-oriented to integrative studies fitting both academic and practical requirements. These research transitions improve the quality and effectiveness of public opinion governance and think tank research for servicing decision-making.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Improving carbon sequestration capacity through ecological construction is one of the important ways to achieve the goal of “carbon neutrality” in China. Based on the analysis of the current situation and trend of ecological carbon sequestration in China, this study summarizes the main challenges in the increment of ecosystem carbon sink in China. The current situation and trend, the significant carbon sequestration capacity of forests, the recovery phase of carbon sequestration capacity of grassland, and the carbon sequestration benefits of major ecological projects are also surveyed. Then, the new challenges of China are analyzed, including the backlog of over-mature forests affecting the carbon sequestration capacity of forests, the limited land area suitable for planting forests and grasses, the less diversified investment mechanism of ecological engineering, the imperfect supporting policies and measures for ecological carbon sequestration, and the increasing demand for forest products. To make sure the “peak carbon emissions” and “carbon neutrality” goals reached as schedule, the study points out that it is necessary to optimize the layout of ecological construction and to improve the capacity of ecological carbon sequestration through the optimization of the internal structure of ecosystem and the regional coordination of ecological construction. In terms of the optimization of the internal structure of the ecosystem, several policy suggestions are put forward: restarting orderly renewal and forests logging, enhancing the ecological carbon sequestration capacity of the grassland, and fully implementing the water diversion project on the western line. For example, some related research suggestions are proposed on forest management, including redesigning the forest regeneration route, conducting pilot programs in some forest areas, constructing modern standard system of forest logging, and improving basic facilities of intermediate cuttings. In terms of the land layout optimization of ecological construction, this study suggests that the government should establish an overall planning with differentiated regional carbon neutrality path, promote the coordination of regional ecological protection and clean energy, accelerate the improvement of ecological environment, and utilize national land space highly efficiently.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Psychological resilience refers to the process of effective and flexible adaptation in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats, and other significant sources of stress. It helps the organism restore to a normal physiological and psychological status. Psychological resilience plays a major mediating role in the development of post-traumatic mental illness in individuals. It can predict the negative emotions after stress and determine the adaptation to stress. It has a significant influence on physical and mental health. Previous studies have shown that the hippocampus plays an important role in psychological resilience, and oxytocin may promote psychological resilience by modulating the hippocampus. However, the specific regulation mechanisms of them have not yet been systematically researched and elucidated. This review focuses on the role of oxytocin in the hippocampus on regulating psychological resilience and try to clarify the underlying mechanisms. It can help to further understand the mechanisms of psychological resilience and help to reduce the incidence of post-traumatic mental illness. Hippocampus regulates psychological resilience through the internal and external projection circuits. On the internal circuit of the hippocampus, studies suggest that “entorhinal cortex-dentate gyrus-CA3” circus in the hippocampus may improve psychological resilience by reducing the generalization or promoting the extinction of stress-related memory. On the external circuit of the hippocampus, the “dentate gyrus-amygdala-nucleus accumbens” circuit and the “hippocampus-nucleus accumbens” circuit may enhance or reduce psychological resilience by promoting reward and disgust, respectively. There is a opposite effect on psychological resilience from the projection of the hippocampus to nucleus accumbens directly or indirectly. The basolateral amygdala may play a key role. Studies have shown that stress can cause complex interactions among basolateral amygdala, hippocampus and nucleus accumbens, so more research is necessary conducted to better understand its specific mechanisms. Oxytocin may regulate the hippocampus through four ways to improve psychological resilience. First, oxytocin promotes the neurogenesis of the hippocampus under stress by acting on the oxytocin receptor at the hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons. This can reduce the stress-induced harm. Second, oxytocin reduces the sensitivity of mature neurons in ventral hippocampus to stress by stimulating dentate gyrus neurogenesis. This can enhance the function of “pattern separation” in the dentate gyrus–CA3 circuit and reduce the generalization of stress-associated memory. Third, oxytocin increases the synaptic cell signaling pathway kinase levels on the CA3-CA1 pathway and promotes the ability of adaptation to stress by rescuing stress-induced impairments in NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation of hippocampal Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses. At last, oxytocin interacts with glucocorticoids and catecholamine systems to increase oxytocin release. The oxytocin release can inhibit the function of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and reduce hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor levels. This protects the structure and function of the hippocampus from glucocorticoid damage and re-establishes brain homeostasis. So, oxytocin can further adjust the stress-related memory and enhance psychological resilience. At the same time, research suggests that oxytocin regulates psychological resilience by affecting the structure and function of the hippocampus, which might differ among individuals of different genders or experiences. In terms of individual diagnosis and treatment, it is necessary to combine these factors for reasonable treatment. Besides, the interaction between genes and the environment is also needed to be considered. To improve psychological resilience in a targeted manner, individual characteristics, interpersonal relationships, and emotional support needs to be considered in the treatment of stress-related mental illness. Finally, exploring the neural mechanisms of psychological resilience should be closely integrated with human research and animal research to make up for the deficiencies of each research. Future research should combine various technologies such as human brain imaging and animal neural circuits technologies to determine the fine brain structures and circuits that regulate psychological resilience.
Subjects: Nursing >> Nursing submitted time 2022-12-05
Abstract：
This paper summarized the nursing management for a hemodialysis patient after parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism. The nursing measures included timely correction of hypocalcemia, dietary nursing, psychology nursing and health education about medication. Comprehensive nursing intervention is potentially effective to improve the comfort level, treatment compliance and quality of life in the hemodialysis patient after parathyroidectomy
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2022-01-26 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：采用2017-082018-08全国2363个气象站降水现象平行观测对比观测数据，分别从数据完整性和准确性方面对雨、雪、毛毛雨、冰雹、雨夹雪5种降水现象自动观测数据进行了对比分析。结果表明：（1）雨、雪、毛毛雨现象的过程捕获率最高，分别为66.9%、69.2%、50.1%，冰雹的小时捕获率最高，为51.8%，雨夹雪的各捕获率指标均较低。（2）毛毛雨的漏报率最高为65.9%，雪的漏报率次之为35.6%，冰雹的漏报率最低为16.2%；毛毛雨、雨的错报率较低，雨夹雪和冰雹的错报率较高，毛毛雨、冰雹错报为雨的比例较高，雨错报成毛毛雨的比例较高，雪错报成毛毛雨和雨的比例较高，而雨夹雪则常常是毛毛雨、雨、雪交替出现；毛毛雨和冰雹的空报站点较多。（3）降水现象仪对降水现象的识别可达到分钟级，但与人工观测降水现象相比，存在漏报、错报和空报情况，需要在气象站数据采集端进行质量控制，不断优化降水现象识别算法，并结合其他天气要素进行降水现象综合判识，以提高仪器对降水天气现象的捕获率，降低漏报率、错报率和空报率。
Subjects: Psychology >> Physiological Psychology submitted time 2020-10-17
Abstract： Psychological resilience refers to the process of effective and flexible adaptation in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats and other significant sources of stress. It helps the organism restore to a normal physiological and psychological status. Previous studies have shown that the hippocampus plays an important role in psychological resilience, and oxytocin may promote psychological resilience by modulating the hippocampus. Studies suggest that entorhinal cortex- dentate gyrus- CA3 circus in the hippocampus may improve resilience by reducing the generalization and regression of stress; dentate gyrus- amygdala- nucleus accumbens and hippocampus- nucleus accumbens circuits may enhance or reduce resilience by promoting reward and disgust respectively. Oxytocin regulates the hippocampus in four ways to improve psychological resilience. In ventral hippocampus, oxytocin reduces the sensitivity of mature neurons in ventral hippocampus to stress by stimulating dentate gyrus neurogenesis; Oxytocin stimulates hippocampal neurogenesis to enhance the function of “pattern separation” in the dentate gyrus–CA3 circuit and reduce the generalization of stress-associated memory; Oxytocin promotes the ability of adaptation to stress by rescuing stress-induced impairments in NMDAR-dependent LTP of hippocampal Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses; Oxytocin decreases the expression of glucocorticoid receptor in hippocampus to re-establish homeostasis." " "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2020-06-21 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：利用中国区域地面气象要素数据集(CMFD) 和GLDAS数据集的1979—2017年格点气温(2 m)、降水、比湿、风速(10m)、太阳辐射资料，运用线性回归、累积距平、滑动平均及Mann-Kendall突变检验方法，研究了近39 a来色林错流域气候特征和时空变化规律。结果表明：色林错流域多年平均气温为-1.8℃，降水量为389.4mm，比湿为3.2g·kg-1，太阳辐射为236.2W·m-2，风速为3.7m·s-1。色林错流域的月平均气温仅在5—9月高于0℃，流域平均气温以0.049℃·a-1的速率呈显著升高之势。流域降水集中在6—9月，占全年降水量的80%以上，流域平均年降水量以4.65mm·a-1的速率显著增大。气温的升高和降水的增加暗示了色林错流域在近几十年来呈现显著的暖湿气候背景。1979—2017年，流域年均风速变化在空间上表现为南部增大、北部减小，减小速率以流域东北部最大。多年平均太阳辐射空间分布整体呈自东向西逐渐增大的趋势，时间变化以-0.29W·m-2·a-1的速率显著减小，1980s中期至2000s中期减小尤为明显。流域的年均比湿变化趋势并不显著，但2006年开始呈显著减小之势。本研究结果对该流域的湖泊扩张机制、生态系统对气候变化的响应以及物候变化等研究具有指示意义。
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2018-11-08 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：利用青藏高原色林错流域2014年4月到2015年3月期间5个地面观测站点的降水资料，对两种遥感降水——热带降水测量计划降水产品（Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, TRMM）和全球降水测量（Global Precipitation Measurement, GPM）——观测产品在高海拔、寒冷条件的适用性进行了评价。通过相关性评价指标、误差统计评价指标和分类统计评价指标等对比，发现：①无论在日和年尺度上，相较于TRMM卫星降水产品而言，GPM卫星降水产品的精确度更高；TRMM产品明显过高估测了降水量；②两种产品对强降水事件的探测性能都有较大缺陷，GPM产品对弱降水事件的探测能力明显优于TRMM产品；③随着统计时间尺度的增大，GPM降水产品的精度呈明显增加趋势。
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2017-12-27 Cooperative journals: 《南方医科大学学报》
Abstract： Objective To evaluate the mid-term clinical outcome of endoscopic greater saphenous vein harvesting (EVH) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Method A total of 205 patients receiving off-pump CABG between July, 2012 and April, 2013 at our department were enrolled in this study, including 66 patients (35 male and 31 female patients with a mean age of 60.3�.92 years) undergoing EVH and 139 patients (109 male and 30 female patients with a mean age of 59.20�.37 years) undergoing open greater saphenous vein harvesting (OVH). Results The surgical procedures were completed smoothly in all the cases. The perioperative mortality rates was 3.03% (2/66) in EVH group, as compared with 3.60% (5/139) in OVH group (P=1.00). Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurred during the perioperative period in 3 (2.16% ) patients in OVH group and in 1 (1.52%) patient in EVH group. Perioperative low cardiac output syndrome was diagnosed in 4 (2.88%) patients in OVH group and in 2 (3.03%) in EVH group (P>0.05). During the follow-up, 8 (8.80%) patients in OVH group and 5 (8.06%) in EVH group had recurrent angina (P=0.93). No patients experienced AMI during the follow-up. The 2-year patency rate of the venous grafts was 83.59% in OVH group and 82.22% in EVH group (P=0.73). Conclusion EVH has significant advantage in reducing the complications of the incision in the lower limbs. The mid-term patency rates of venous grafts are similar between OVH and EVH, but the long-term patency rate needs further evaluation.
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