Subjects: Physics >> General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc. submitted time 2023-09-01 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Falls are the important causes of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Although clinical staff have paid attention to the management of falls，adherence to fall interventions is not satisfactory，resulting in the high incidence of fall. Understanding the older adults' own perception of fall risk from their perspective may be the key to fall prevention，especially active fall prevention. In this paper，we reviewed the concept of fall risk perception，behavioral consequences and influencing factors of fall risk perception in older adults from the perspective of "the first person responsible for health"，and found that there are fewer studies on fall risk perception in older adults at home and abroad，the conceptual connotation still needs to be further explored. Subjective perceptions of fall risk in older adults can lead to different patterns of fall risk coping behaviors that influence fall risk. The influencing factors of fall risk perception mainly focus on the emotional psychology，physiological conditions，social culture，and physical environment，with the influencing process through subjective cognition. Empirical studies can be used to further validate the psychological cognitive mechanisms of fall risk perception in conjunction with the risk perception formation process in the future，in order to provide empirical evidence for proactive fall prevention.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2023-04-27 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background The recurrence rate of late-life depression is high，however，there is a lack of research on intervention protocol to prevent recurrence of late-life depression at home and abroad.In the early stage，the research group explored the risk factors for recurrence of late-life depression，and the controllable risk factors were poor medication compliance，less physical activity，and less eating. Objective To search，evaluate and summarize the evidence related to the prevention of recurrence of late-life depression based on the above three risk factors. Methods In October 2022，the evidences related to the prevention of recurrence of late-life depression were searched in Web of Science，PubMed，Cochrane Library，American Guide Network，British Guidebook，Website of Registered Nurses Association of Ontario（RNAO），Evidence-based Nursing Center of Fudan University，CNKI and other databases from inception to October 2022，which include guidelines，systematic reviews，expert consensuses，evidence summaries，etc. The quality of the included guidelines，systematic reviews，expert consensuses
and original researches were evaluated by investigators trained in systematic evidence-based medicine using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation（AGREE Ⅱ） Instrument，AMSTAR，and the Australian Joanna Briggs Institute（JBI） evidence-based center evaluation standards（2016 version），respectively. Finally，the 2014 Australian JBI evidence-based health care center evidence grading and recommendation level system was used to summary，evaluate and grade the evidence. Results A total of 15 articles were included，including 3 guidelines，11 systematic reviews and 1 RCT. The qualities of the 3 guidelines were graded as B or above，the qualities of 11 systematic reviews were graded as medium or above，and the quality of 1 RCT was graded as B. A total of 24 best evidence items were summarized from 6 aspects of intervention evaluation，diets and nutrition，exercise and rehabilitation training，psychosocial interventions，medication compliance，and effect evaluation. Conclusion The study summarizes the best evidence for prevention of late-life depression，suggesting that clinical staff should comprehensively evaluate the patients, and develop individualized intervention program focus on evaluation, diets and nutrition, exercise and rehabilitation training, medication compliance guidance, and psychosocial interventions, combining with the characteristics of patients and diseases.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2022-08-01 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background The prevalence of comorbiditiy in the elderly is showing a gradual upward trend with the acceleration of population aging.Comorbidity is a key risk factor for frailty.Then frailty will not only increase the risk of adverse health outcomes for patients, but also exert a heavy economic burden on patients' families.It has a certain guiding value for the management of chronic diseases to identify the frailty conditions of elderly patients with comorbidity as early as possible.Objective To systematically evaluate the prevalence of frailty in elderly patients with comorbidity.Methods We searched studies regarding frailty in elderly patients with comorbidity published from inception to December 4,2021,and CNKI、VIP、CBM、WanFang、Pubmed、Embase、Web of Science and The Cochrane Library of the databases were included.Data extraction and quality evaluation of the included studies were performed.Stata 14.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 25 studies involving 16062 subjects were included.Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of frailty and pre-frailty in elderly patients with comorbidity was 27%[95%CI(22%,32%)] and 48%[95%CI(44%,51%)].Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of 2,3 and 4 chronic diseases was 25%[95%CI(19%,31%)],27%[95%CI(14%,41%)],and 42%[95%CI(-2%,87%)].Oceania(52%) and Asia(31%) had higher overall prevalence of frailty in elderly patients with comorbidity than Europe(17%) and South America(13%).Hospital had higher overall prevalence of frailty in elderly patients with comorbidity than community(26% vs 23%).The prevalence of frailty in elderly patients with comorbidity was screened 43%[95%CI(38%,47%)] by Clinical Frailty Scale,22%[95%CI(18%,27%)] by FRAIL,and 8%[95%CI(6%,11%)] by Fried.The prevalence for patients surveyed between 2001-2010,2011-2015,and 2016-2020 was 21%[95%CI(13%,29%)],19%[95%CI(13%,25%)] and 38%[95%CI(23%,53%)],respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of of frailty in elderly patients with comorbidity is increasing year by year,with differences by number of chronic diseases,continents,assessment tools and study sites.Therefore,relevant personnel should pay attention to early screening of frailty in elderly patients with comorbidity and provide targeted preventive measures for them.
Subjects: Nursing >> Nursing submitted time 2023-09-26
Abstract： In 1987, the United States proposed to use the concept of "geriatric nursing" to replace the concept of "geriatric nursing", because the geriatric nursing involves a wider range of nursing. This includes assessing the health and functional status of older persons, developing care plans, providing effective nursing and other health care services, and evaluating care outcomes. The teaching effect of geriatric nursing is directly related to the degree of nursing interns' knowledge mastery of this course. In RECENT YEARS, WITH THE continuous reform and innovation of GERiatric nursing teaching, new teaching methods are more and more applied. This article reviews the reform and innovation of teaching methods of "geriatric nursing".
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2023-01-03 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract：
Background Self-rated health is negatively related to frailty. The better the self-rated health (SRH) is, the lower the degree of frailty is. The relationship between the two conditions may be different in people suffering from apathy. Objective To explore the moderating effect of the apathy on the relationship between SRH and frailty among community-dwelling older adults. Methods A convenience sampling method was adopted. Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-3), Self-Rated Health (SRH), and demographic information were used to investigate the research question with 384 community-dwelling older adults. Results The strength of the relationship between SRH and frailty was moderated by apathy (B= -0.355，t= -3.074，P< 0.002), such that, apathy strengthened the predictive effect of SRH on frailty. Conclusion SRH is negatively related to frailty. Apathy plays an important positive role in strengthening the negative relationship between SRH and frailty among Chinese community-dwelling older adults.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Summarizing the research status of library elderly health information services at home and abroad is to provide references for further in-depth research on health information services of the elderly in the libraries in China.[Method/process] Domestic and foreign literatures related to the subject were selected through keyword retrieval and citation tracing, then this paper analyzed these literatures from three aspects of library health information service research, elderly health information service research, and technology-empowered library elderly health information service research.[Result/conclusion] Based on horizontal comparison of research progress at home and abroad, this paper summarized the current research results, characteristics and the dilemmas and shortcomings from the three aspects of service subjects, service objects and service ways. In the future, it is necessary to promote the research on the elderly health information service in libraries in China from four aspects of focusing on the research on the diverse collaboration of service entities, emphasizing the research on the user segmentation of the aging group, strengthening the theoretical construction and systematic practice research, and driving the research on the integration research on the health information service of the elderly in AI-empowered libraries.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： In the past 40 years, researchers have explored and constructed diverse definitions and components of wisdom. They have gradually reached a consensus that wisdom is the application of meta-cognition to reason and solve problems based on the morality. Wisdom is also closely related to individual life experience, personal growth and even physical maturity. Therefore, wisdom can be defined as a psychological quality that integrates intelligence with morality. Among the measurements of wisdom applied in old age, the self-reported scales mainly include the three-dimensional wisdom scale (3D-WS), self-assessed wisdom scale (SAWS), and the adult self-transcendence inventory (ASTI), the performance-based methods mainly include the Berlin wisdom paradigm and the wisdom reasoning. According to the results, wisdom in old age is relatively well, but there may not be a linear relationship between the aging and the increasing of wisdom in the middle and late adulthood, the cognitive or knowledge components of wisdom reach a peak at a certain age (such as 50 to 55 years old), and after that they begin to decline, and the reflective and emotional components of wisdom will not decline, due to the growth of psychosocial development and perspective-taking ability, emotional regulation, and empathy or compassionate for others, they will even increase with age. Therefore, aging may not be a necessary or sufficient condition for wisdom. Studies have shown that micro-factors such as the challenges in life experience, critical life events, and social changes encountered in the life course of individual are external factors that may promote the development of wisdom in the old age; psychological resources such as sense of control, personal growth, emotional regulation, openness to experience and exploratory self-reflection that contribute to the development of individual meta-cognition are internal factors that may promote the development of wisdom in the old age; meanwhile, the orientation of pro-social moral value, the subjective motivation of pursuing the growth of wisdom or the meaning in life may be the important intermediary mechanism for learning wisdom from life experience. Wisdom can significantly and positively predict the quality of life in the old, and can help the old people obtain life goals and sense of control, which having more important impact on their well-being. Wisdom can also act as a mediating or moderating role to buffer or reduce the negative impact of negative factors on the life satisfaction and well-being of the old, thereby relieving the solitude and oppression, alleviating the feelings of loneliness, depression, and social alienation in the old age. There are still some limitations in the psychological research on the wisdom in old age: First, whether wisdom increases, declines or remains stable in the later stages of adulthood, the conclusions still rely on the definition, conceptualization and measurement of wisdom; secondly, the researches on the antecedents of the wisdom in the old age fail to reveal the internal mechanism of the relevant resources in the development of wisdom; thirdly, the researches on the consequences of the wisdom in the old age fail to reveal the interventional roles of wisdom or different components of wisdom; finally, there are still lack of specific and operable interventions and cultivation methods for promoting wisdom. In the future, it is necessary to develop the measurement tools that integrate various sources based on self-reporting and behavioral performance measurement, and balance the content of natural wisdom and humanistic wisdom; examine the development trajectory of individual wisdom and its psychological mechanism in the life course; conduct the longitudinal researches and experimental researches to in-depth research on the causal relationship between wisdom and well-being and the positive functions of wisdom; continue to explore the interventional conditions and promoting measures for the wisdom of the old in the practice of old care services in community, thus inspire the wisdom of the old people and promote their successful aging.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Granpareting is that grandparents take care of grandchildren and assume some or all of the responsibility for upbringing and education. Older parents often become caregivers when young couples are unable to care for their children for some reasons. Based on the researches available, effectiveness of grandparenting on grandparents' depression levels remains unclear. In addition, previous studies have ignored the influence of cultural backgrounds on the relationship between grandparenting and grandparents' depression levels. And differences of cultural background may explain why grandparents take care of their grandchildren and the consequence of grandparenting. Therefore, meta-analysis was used in this paper to explore the relationship between grandparenting and grandparents' depression levels in eastern cultures and western cultures respectively. We identified cross-sectional studies and case-control studies through Web of Science, EBSCO, PubMed, CNKI and Wangfang (from inception to June 29, 2021). Through literature retrieval, 22 articles met the inclusion criteria of this meta-analysis were selected and 22 independent effect sizes were synthesized. CMA3.0 software was used for the meta-analysis. We also applied the Effective Public Health Practice Project's (EPHPP) Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies to evaluate the quality of primary studies included in the meta-analysis. What's more, publication bias analysis showed that there was no publication bias. And the results of heterogeneity test suggested the use of random-effects model. Evidence from cross-sectional studies and case-control studies was synthesized as standardized mean differences which were used to compare the depression levels of grandparents who did and did not take care of grandchildren. The main-effect analysis showed that standardized mean differences (d) were -2.44 (95%CI: [-3.22, -1.67]) and 0.22 (95%CI: [0.04, 0.40]) in eastern cultures and western cultures respectively. Sensitivity analysis excluded one study with the greatest influence of heterogeneity in the two cultural backgrounds respectively and the effect size was no longer significant in eastern cultures (d= -0.05, 95%CI: [-0.18, 0.08]) and the effect size of western cultures had no significant change. In order to prevent the reliability of meta-analysis from being interfered by this abnormal study of eastern cultures, it was excluded in subsequent analysis. Because of the high level of heterogeneity, we used subgroup analysis and meta-regression to explore whether measurement tools of depression, study design, gender and marriage were potential moderators. Subgroup and meta-regression results showed that in eastern cultures, the type of depression measurement tools, the type of study design, gender and marriage had significant moderating effects. But in western cultures, the results showed that only measurement tools and study design do moderate. In conclusion, it is found that in eastern cultures, grandparenting has no significant effect on the depression levels of the elderly. However, it has a noteworthy negative effect on the depression levels of grandparents in the West. One possible explanation is the weakening of traditional cultural values in the context of eastern cultures and the role strain experienced by the elderly in the context of western cultures. The results of this meta-analysis contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between grandparenting and depression levels of the elderly. They also provide future empirical studies with a reference to explain depression levels of the elderly with grandparenting. However, eastern and western cultures can not represent all cultures, so further researches can focus on using more appropriate coding methods to explore the more precise and more detailed relationships between grandparenting and depression levels of the elderly.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： The high prevalence of loneliness and various accompanying adverse consequences (e.g., depression, higher blood pressure, insomnia, immune stress responses and worse cognition) are becoming serious public concerns. To provide insights on prevention and intervention programs, this study examines the properties and development of loneliness behaviors in elderly people. Taking a longitudinal perspective enables researchers to understand who is expected to transition to a higher risk status in the future, which will help to predict symptoms so that tailored interventions can be designed to protect the elderly from loneliness.Two-wave longitudinal data over 4 years were derived from the American Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A total of 3238 women and 2205 men in their 50s were recruited. Latent class and latent transition models were used to identify meaningful subgroups of the elderly with different symptoms (i.e., lack of companionship, being left out, isolation from others, lack of belonging, and withdrawn from society) to describe transitions between those classes over the study period and to examine the effects of covariates on the latent transition model. Six covariates, including gender, marital status, attitudes toward aging, life orientation, social support and daily activities, were examined as potential predictors of loneliness.Four loneliness subgroups were identified: Mild Loneliness (Class 1), Social Loneliness (Class 2), Emotional Loneliness (Class 3), and Severe Loneliness (Class 4). Mild Loneliness status was the most prevalent, barely showing any lonely behavior, while relatively serious loneliness occurred in Social Loneliness, Emotional Loneliness and Severe Loneliness. Specifically, individuals in Social Loneliness lacked social intercourse relation, individuals in Emotional Loneliness lacked a close relationship, and individuals in Severe Loneliness had a high probability of exhibiting all the above mentioned symptoms. Elderly people in Mild Loneliness and Severe Loneliness were highly stable, while Social Loneliness and Emotional Loneliness tended to change to other statuses rather than remaining in the original status. Particularly, the participants in Social Loneliness demonstrated a prominent trend to transition to a less problematic status (Social Loneliness to Mild Loneliness), and the participants in Emotional Loneliness tended to change to a more problematic status (Emotional Loneliness to Severe Loneliness). All participants in the four subgroups showed a strong willingness to communicate with others. Results of multinomial logistic regression revealed that elderly males were more likely to be in the Emotional Loneliness group. In addition, more social support as well as a positive attitude toward aging and optimistic life orientation were more likely to keep elderly people from entering more severe loneliness statuses, indicating an ameliorated trend of loneliness that was expected. This study demonstrated a transition pattern in elderly people loneliness with an individual-centered approach. Differential treatment effects were found across baseline loneliness classes, suggesting the benefits of tailoring intervention programs to yield good outcomes in elderly people.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2022-03-04
Abstract：
The effectiveness of grandparenting on grandparents’ depression remains unclear. This paper aimed to verify the hypothesis that grandparenting would relieve grandparents’ depression in eastern cultures while worsen their depression in western cultures. We identified studies through Web of Science, EBSCO, PubMed, CNKI and Wangfang (from inception to June 29, 2021). We did separate random-effects meta-analysis for eastern cultures and western cultures. Evidence from cross-sectional studies and case-control studies was synthesized as standardized mean differences which were used to compare the depression levels of grandparents who did and did not take care of grandchildren. Through literature retrieval, 22 articles and 22 independent effect sizes that met the inclusion criteria of meta-analysis were selected. The results of publication bias analysis illustrated no publication bias. Main-effect analysis indicated a non-significant effect size (d=–0.05, 95%CI=[–0.18, 0.08]) in eastern cultures while a slight effect size (d=0.22, 95%CI=[0.04, 0.40]) in western cultures. Further moderation analysis revealed that the association between grandparenting and depression was moderated by measurement tools, study design, gender and marriage in eastern cultures, but in western cultures, only measurement tools and study design do moderate.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2024-04-25 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background As global population continues to age，disability has become one of the most prominent health problems in the aging population. Chinese older adults with chronic diseases often diagnosed with multi-morbidities resulting in increased risks for disability. However，previous evidence on disability rates in this population have been inconsistent. Objective To systematically evaluate the prevalence of disability in older adults with chronic diseases in mainland China. Methods We searched databases including PubMed，Embase，Web of Science，Cochrane Library，Scopus，CNKI，Wanfang Data，VIP，CBMdisc and China Medical Journal Full-text Database up until August 2023 for publications on disability prevalence in Chinese older adults with chronic diseases. Literature screening，quality appraisal and data extraction were performed independently by two researchers. Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 16.0 software. Results A total of 32 publications（34 studies）were included. Sample sizes ranged from 221 to 16566 cases with a disability rate of 6.9%~82.8%. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of disability in Chinese older adults with chronic diseases was 43.2%（95%CI=32.9%-53.5%）. Subgroup analyses showed：（1）disability rate was higher in female（36.6%，95%CI=27.0%-46.2%） than in male（33.9%，95%CI=23.9%-43.9%）；（2）disability prevalence increased with age（60-69 岁：24.2%，95%CI=14.3%-34.0%；70-79 岁：34.9%，95%CI=24.1%-45.7%； ≥ 80 岁：47.7%，95%CI=36.3%-59.1%）；（3）compared to other chronic diseases，individuals with dementia/Parkinson's disease（56.3%，95%CI=40.9%-71.7%），mental illness（53.9%，95%CI=46.0%-61.7%），and cerebrovascular disease（49.2%，95%CI=33.5%-64.8%） had the highest prevalence of disability； and （4）the prevalence of disability increased with the number of comorbidities （1 disease：33.1%，95%CI=20.8%-45.3%；2 diseases：36.3%，95%CI=22.6%--50.0%； ≥ 3 diseases：49.7%，95%CI=31.3%-68.0%）. Conclusion The prevalence of disability among Chinese older adults with chronic diseases is high and can be impacted by both the type of chronic disease and the number of comorbidities. It is recommended to strengthen chronic disease monitoring and management efforts to prevent and eliminate disability and promote healthy aging in this population.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-27 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] The paper aims to understand the research topics and development of library services to older adults abroad and prove reference for China.[Method/process] Though literature reviews, this paper combs the research topics and development of library services to older adults from 1938 to 2017 abroad.[Result/conclusion] The research can be divided into three stages. Features include:research users continue to expand and subdivide; research perspective shifts from focusing on library to the needs of older adults; study of services shifts from a single and simple service to diversified and innovative services; research concept shifts from serving the older adults to engage older adults. Deficiencies include paying too much attention to older adults who come into library and neglecting users outside library, and lacking introduction and evaluation of representative projects.
Subjects: Nursing >> Nursing submitted time 2023-04-24
Abstract： Objective To explore the establishment of a comprehensive risk assessment model for falls in the elderly people in China. Methods Meta-analysis reappraisal combined with structured expert consultation were used to screen out risk factors for falls and OR values into the model, and established a logistic regression comprehensive evaluation model. Results The model finally included 32 indicators: age, history of falls, exercise, use of walking aids, Abnormal gait, abnormal balance, sleep disturbance, cognitive impairment, frailty, urinary/fecal incontinence, dizziness/vertigo, visual impairment, hearing impairment, lower extremity arthritis, History of stroke, diabetes, orthostatic hypotension, Parkinson''s, dementia, anemia, arrhythmia, depression, foot diseases, antipsychotics, antidepressants, hypnotic sedatives, antiepileptics, opioids , loop diuretics, cardiac glycosides, hypoglycemic agents, laxatives. Conclusion Based on meta-analysis and experts'' opinions, this study established a risk assessment model for falls in elderly people in China, which effectively avoided the problem of small sample size. The model was based on evidence-based medicine, and provided a basis and guidance for the screening and intervention of high-risk groups.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： As a key psychosocial resource, resilience can enhance the well-being of the elderly and thus promote successful aging. However, domestic and foreign studies show that, even if the same variable is selected as the predictors of well-being, the research results about the correlation coefficient of elders’ resilience and well-being are different. Since meta-analysis is a comprehensive analytical method for quantitative statistics of multiple research results that have the “same purpose” and are “independent of each other,” it can identify the moderators that influence changes in correlation coefficients among variables, thus providing insights into inconsistent and unexplored research results. Therefore, it is necessary to use the meta-analysis to explore why there is a large gap between the correlation coefficient of resilience and well-being of the elderly and the reasons for the large gap. Compared with children and adolescents, the self-awareness, cognitive ability, and sociality of the elderly tend to be stable due to the differences in the structure and performance of resilience among different age groups. Therefore, it is worth further demonstrating whether the results of the above two groups' resilience apply to the elderly. Secondly, the previous meta-analysis studies on the resilience of the elderly did not take into account the local context and only used the data from western countries. Whether the conclusions of the research apply to the Chinese context remains to be investigated. Finally, the previous meta-analysis did not take well-being as the outcome variable to explore the relationship between them. The actual relationship between resilience and well-being and what moderating factors influence the relationship could not be obtained. Is it true that older people with higher resilience will have a stronger sense of well-being? Therefore, this study adopts the method of meta-analysis, combined with empirical research results of domestic and foreign to avoid the single results caused by the error. It also thoroughly discusses the relationship between psychological resilience and the well-being of the elderly and its influencing factors, to improve the old well-being of achieving successful aging, which can provide a scientific basis for enriching the well-being theory. Specifically, this study conducted literature retrieval and screening by keyword search, subject search, and full-text search. There were 42 pieces of literature in Chinese and English, and 75 independent samples were included in the meta-analysis (N = 12,856). The results revealed significant positive relationships between elders’ resilience and their well-being, life satisfaction, positive emotions, and revealed a significant negative relationship between elders’ resilience and negative emotion. In addition, the relationships between resilience, well-being, satisfaction with life, positive emotions, and negative emotion were moderated by resilience measurements, cultural background, literature quality, year of the literature, sample size, and age of the sample. The results provided not only more accurate estimates for predicting elders’ well-being by resilience, but also insights for future research of successful aging.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2023-01-30 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract：
Background With the aggravation of the aging trend, the health of the elderly is the key to successful aging.The comorbidity of chronic diseases is an important factor threatening the health of the elderly, and the relationship between it and the health promotion behavior of the elderly is rarely discussed.Objective To know the comorbid pattern of chronic diseases and the distribution of health promotion behaviors among the elderly in Ningxia,to explore the relationship between comorbidity patterns and health promotion behaviors in the elderly, to provide a reference for the the health of elderly. Methods: From January 2021 to July 2021, random cluster sampling method was used to select the population aged 65 above in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region for questionnaire survey. The comorbidity pattern of the elderly was analyzed by Apriori algorithm, the correlation between comorbidity and health promotion behavior of the elderly was analyzed by binary Logistic regression model. Results A total of 2,010 elderly people aged 65 years and above were included, and the comorbidity rate was 31.00%. The most common modes of binary comorbidity are coronary heart disease and hypertension (25.36%), and the most common modes of ternary comorbidity are hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke (4.49%). The association rule revealed 16 comorbidity patterns,the association rules showed that 15 were related to hypertension, 10 were related to coronary heart disease, and 7 were related to asthma; The multivariate Logistic regression model showed that compared with poor health promotion behaviors, Health promotion behaviors were general (OR=0.364, 95%CI: 0.185~0.714), good (OR=0.488, 95%CI: 0.251~0.948), excellent (OR=0.426, 95%CI: 0.213~0.853) in the elderly with a reduced risk of chronic disease comorbidity; Where physical activity (OR=0.960, 95%CI: 0.925~0.997), stress management (OR=0.963, 95%CI: 0.938~0.989) was negatively associated with the comorbidity of chronic diseases; Health responsibility (OR=1.038, 95%CI: 1.013~1.063) showed a positive association with chronic disease comorbidity. Conclusion The comorbidity pattern of the elderly in Ningxia is complex, which is associated with health promotion behavior,interventions such as health promotion,healthy lifestyle improvement can be carried out to reduce the risk of comorbid disease in the elderly.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2022-12-20 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract：
In the context of the deepening of aging, the incidence of hearing loss in the elderly is getting higher and higher, which has become an increasingly serious public health problem. Hearing loss will limit the ability of the elderly to monitor and perceive the auditory cues of spatial orientation, resulting in confusion of direction and increasing the risk of falling in the elderly. This study summarized the epidemiological characteristics, mechanism, influencing factors and prevention of falls and related injuries in the elderly with hearing loss, aiming to provide personalized intervention and prevention measures for the elderly with hearing loss and provide reference for reducing the incidence of falls.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2022-11-14 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Objective To examine the association between cognitive impairment and sleep duration among community-dwelling older adults. Methods From July to September 2018, a total of 6000 community‑dwelling older adults aged 60 years or over from 8 districts and counties of Fuyang city in Anhui province were selected to participate in this study, and 4837 older adults were included in the final analyses. Demographics characteristics(gender, age, region, education, etc.), living habits, chronic diseases, sleep duration, and global cognitive function were assessed. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were applied to examine the association between sleep duration and cognitive impairment for the total sample and by gender. Results In unadjusted logistic regression models, both short sleep duration (≤6h) (OR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.09-1.42) and long sleep duration (＞8 h) (OR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.21-1.65) had higher odds of cognitive impairment as compared with normal sleep duration (6-8h). The further adjustment for confounding factors showed that both short sleep duration (OR=1.26, 95%CI:1.09-1.46) and long sleep duration (OR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.03-1.46) had higher odds of cognitive impairment as compared with normal sleep duration. Stratified analysis showed that the association between longer sleep and impaired cognitive function was stronger in older men than in women, while shorter sleep was stronger in older women than in men. An approximately U-shaped relationship was detected between sleep duration and the risk of cognitive impairment, with a low point of 7 hours. Conclusions Both short and long sleep duration are independent and dose-dependent associated factors with cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults. The best sleep duration is about 7h and the association between longer sleep duration and impaired cognitive function was stronger in men than in women, and shorter sleep duration was stronger in women than in men. Therefore, it is necessary to guide sleep duration of older adults, so as to reduce the risk of cognitive impairment.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2022-10-31 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Handwriting characterization techniques have been extensively studied in the field of cognitive impairment detection related to dementia and Parkinson’s disease, and handwriting characterization studies for older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) still need to be expanded. Objective To explore the differences between the handwriting characteristics of elderly patients with MCI and normal elderly people, and discover the value of handwriting features in MCI screening. Methods Thirty-three older adults with MCI from January 2022 to April 2022 in the Huzhou community were selected as the observation group, while forty-three community older adults with normal cognitive function matched for age, gender and education level in the same period were included as the control group. For 6 handwriting tasks, the kinematic parameters of the subjects’ handwriting characteristics were collected by the digital pen, and the classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of handwriting characteristics for the diagnosis of MCI were analyzed by discriminant analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results Compared with the healthy control group, the observation group had lower writing correctness, higher writing stress, longer writing reflection time, pen fall time and total task completion time in the graphical task, and the difference between groups was statistically significant (Z=-3.593, -2.122, -4.302, -3.663, t=-5.565, all P<0.05); the observation group had relatively longer writing reflection time and total task completion time in the text task (Z=-3.464, -2.94, all P<0.05). Compared with the text task, the graphical task had the highest specificity (93.02%) in the total task completion time to identify the MCI and control groups, and the area under curve (AUC) was 0.828. The summary of handwriting characteristics for the graphic writing task correctly classified 80.26% of older adults with MCI, with 87.88% sensitivity and 79.07% specificity, and had higher diagnostic efficacy for those with MCI than the MMSE scale. Conclusion Handwriting characteristics of graphical writing tasks may have potential application in screening of older adults at risk for MCI prior to conducting sets of neuropsychological tests for MCI diagnosis in community health care facilities.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2022-09-13 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Along with our country entered the aging society, the elderly health problems caused by various diseases related concerns. In recent years, the prevalence of swallowing disorder in the elderly in China has increased obviously, which has brought serious economic burden to society and families. Objective To systematically evaluate the prevalence of dysphagia in the elderly in China. Methods Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP , Wan-fang and China Biomedical Literature Database were searched for cross-sectional studies related to the prevalence of dysphagia in the elderly in China. The search time was up to May 2022. Literature screening and data extraction were performed by two researchers in strict accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. AHRQ scale was used to evaluate the quality of cross-sectional studies. Meta-analysis was carried out with Stata 15.0 software. Results A total of 22 articles were included, with a total sample size of 308289 patients, including 47940 patients with dysphagia. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of dysphagia in the elderly in China was 66.0% [95%CI (58.0%, 73.0%)]. Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of dysphagia was the same in men and women. The prevalence of dysphagia was higher in the elderly aged ≥80 years, with high education level, nursing institutions and EAT-10 scale assessment tool. Conclusion Our country elderly swallowing disorder prevalence is higher, different ages, education, research location, di-agnostic criteria of the elderly swallowing disorder prevalence is different, need to pay attention to and understand the elderly swallowing disorders early, choose targeted interventions, to improve the quality of life of the elderly swallowing disorders, reduce the prevalence of the elderly swallowing disorders.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2018-09-07 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： 抑制不足理论认为老年人抑制能力不足, 易受干扰信息的影响, 阻碍对目标词的检索, 故比年轻人有更多舌尖现象。实验1操纵抑制通达子功能探讨其在老年人舌尖现象中的作用, 采用2(干扰条件：有、无)×2(年龄组：老年、年轻)的混合设计, 相比于无干扰条件, 干扰条件下舌尖现象年龄差异变得更大, 表明老年人舌尖现象和通达功能有关。实验2操纵抑制删除子功能, 采用2(是否激活干扰：是、否)×2(年龄组：老年、年轻)的混合设计, 不激活干扰条件下舌尖现象年龄差异不显著, 而激活干扰条件下舌尖现象年龄差异显著, 舌尖现象随龄增多与删除功能不足有关。通达和删除功能不足是老年人舌尖现象增多的重要原因。
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