Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Many research findings in digital humanities have emerged in China, and digital humanities develops gradually from the cognitive exploration stage to the digital exploration stage in recent years. From the micro perspective of "data resources" and "digital technology", this paper describes the actual panorama of the collision between "digital" and "humanity" by quantitative analysis, in order to have an intuitive and practical cognition of "digital-type" research in digital humanities.[Method/process] By using bibliometrics, qualitative analysis and multi-dimensional scale analysis, this paper made an in-depth analysis and reflection on domestic digital humanities related research from the aspects of research institutions distribution, interdisciplinary characteristics, "digital" utilization and primary research types.[Result/conclusion] From the perspective of research institutions, digital humanities research is evenly distributed and has broad space in multiple disciplines; from the perspective of data, a few large thematic databases and data self-collated by researchers are the main sources; from the perspective of research types, there are resource building research, tool-driven research and scenario-integrated research, each of them has a specific focus, and scenario-integrated research achieves a better balance between "digital" and "humanity". In the future, it is necessary to actively build appropriate data infrastructures, cultivate the digital academic ability of scholars, and promote the transformation of the role of "humanity" to support the paradigm change of digital humanities research.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Objective To evaluate the impact of widowhood on the mental health of older adults in China，and provide a basis and reference for formulating the mental health intervention program for older adults in China. Methods Using the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study （CHARLS） as the data source，4694 older adults aged 60 years and above were selected as study subjects and divided into the widowed group （n=644） and non-widowed group （n=4050）. The mental frailty index was used as a perspective for evaluating the mental health status of older adults. Using propensity score matching（PSM）model，the propensity score was calculated by using Logistic regression analysis，the robustness was tested by using standard deviation variation，common support bar graph and nuclear density distribution，the impact of widowhood on the physical and mental health of older adults was analyzed by using K-nearest neighbor matching，radius matching and kernel matching，and the heterogeneity was tested based on gender，household type and age. Results Compared to the non-widowed group，the mental health of older adults in the widowed group was impaired （P<0.001）. Logistic regression model results showed that gender，age，education level and monthly family consumption were correlated with widowhood（P<0.001）. The robustness test results after matching were better. The results of PSM showed that widowhood significantly increased the mental frailty index level（ATT ranged from 0.054 to 0.055，P<0.001）. The results of heterogeneity test showed that there were significant differences between urban and rural areas and among different age groups in the impact of widowhood on the mental frailty index of older adults，but there was no significant difference between male and female in the impact of widowhood on the mental frailty index of older adults. Among them，the impact of widowhood on the older adults in rural areas was more significant（ATT ranged from 0.072 to 0.075，P<0.001），but the impact on older adults in urban areas was not significant；the impact on older adults in the low age group and high age group was more significant（ATT ranged from 0.061 to 0.081，P<0.01；0.067~0.078，P<0.05），but the impact on older adults in the middle age group was not significant. Conclusion Widowhood has a negative impact on the mental health of the older adults. The impact varies among different older adults. The widowed older adults in rural areas，just entering old age and in their later years need attention and psychosocial support.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2022-05-10 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： Aspect-level sentiment analysis aims to determine the sentiment polarity towards specific aspect in reviews. However, little research has been done on the influence of complex sentences on sentiment classification. Based on this, this paper proposed an aspect sentiment classification model based on Bert and Self-attention network with relative position. Firstly, it used the dynamic weighted sampling method to balance the rare contrastive sentences, so that the model can learn more contrastive sentence feature information. Then, it jointly trained the feature representations extracted by double-head self- attention network with relative position and the feature representations obtained by the Pre-trained model with absolute position . Finally, it used the label smoothing regularization technology to stabilize the model to identify the neutral samples. It tested this model on Sub Task 2 in SemEval 2014 task, and improved both accuracy and Macro-F1 indicators of the two datasets. The experimental results show that the effectiveness of the proposed model for contrastive sentences classification, and also yield improvements in the whole test set over other benchmark models.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry,Livestock & Aquatic Products Science >> Basic Disciplines of Agriculture submitted time 2023-08-14 Cooperative journals: 《智慧农业（中英文）》
Abstract： [Objective] Pineapple is a common tropical fruit, and its ripeness has an important impact on the storage and marketing. It is particularly important to analyze the maturity of pineapple fruit before picking. Deep learning technology can be an effective method to achieve automatic recognition of pineapple maturity. To improve the accuracy and rate of automatic recognition of pineapple maturity, a new network model named MobileNet V3-YOLOv4 was proposed in this study. [Methods] Firstly, pineapple maturity analysis data set was constructed. A total of 1580 images were obtained, with 1264 images selected as the training set, 158 images as the validation set, and 158 images as the test set. Pineapple photos were taken in natural environment. In order to ensure the diversity of the data set and improve the robustness and generalization of the network, pineapple photos were taken under the influence of different factors such as branches and leaves occlusion, uneven lighting, overlapping shadows, etc. and the location, weather and growing environment of the collection were different. Then, according to the maturity index of pineapple, the photos of pineapple with different maturity were marked, and the labels were divided into yellow ripeness and green ripeness. The annotated images were taken as data sets and input into the network for training. Aiming at the problems of the traditional YOLOv4 network, such as large number of parameters, complex network structure and slow reasoning speed, a more optimized lightweight MobileNet V3-YOLOv4 network model was proposed. The model utilizes the benck structure to replace the Resblock in the CSPDarknet backbone network of YOLOv4. Meanwhile, in order to verify the effectiveness of the MobileNet V3-YOLOv4 network, MobileNet V1-YOLOv4 model and MobileNet V2-YOLOv4 model were also trained. Five different single-stage and two-stage network models, including R-CNN, YOLOv3, SSD300, Retinanet and Centernet were compared with each evaluation index to analyze the performance superiority of MobileNet V3-YOLOv4 model. [Results and Discussions] MobileNet V3-YOLOv4 was validated for its effectiveness in pineapple maturity detection through experiments comparing model performance, model classification prediction, and accuracy tests in complex pineapple detection environments. The experimental results show that, in terms of model performance comparison, the training time of MobileNet V3-YOLOv4 was 11,924 s, with an average training time of 39.75 s per round, the number of parameters was 53.7 MB, resulting in a 25.59% reduction in the saturation time compared to YOLOv4, and the parameter count accounted for only 22%. The mean average precision (mAP) of the trained MobileNet V3-YOLOv4 in the verification set was 53.7 MB. In order to validate the classification prediction performance of the MobileNet V3-YOLOv4 model, four metrics, including Recall score, F1 Score, Precision, and average precision (AP), were utilized to classify and recognize pineapples of different maturities. The experimental results demonstrate that MobileNet V3- YOLOv4 exhibited significantly higher Precision, AP, and F1 Score the other. For the semi-ripe stage, there was a 4.49% increase in AP, 0.07 improvement in F1 Score, 1% increase in Recall, and 3.34% increase in Precision than YOLOv4. As for the ripe stage, there was a 6.06% increase in AP, 0.13 improvement in F1 Score, 16.55% increase in Recall, and 6.25% increase in Precision. Due to the distinct color features of ripe pineapples and their easy differentiation from the background, the improved network achieved a precision rate of 100.00%. Additionally, the mAP and reasoning speed (Frames Per Second, FPS) of nine algorithms were examined. The results showed that MobileNet V3-YOLOv4 achieved an mAP of 90.92%, which was 5.28% higher than YOLOv4 and 3.67% higher than YOLOv3. The FPS was measured at 80.85 img/s, which was 40.28 img/s higher than YOLOv4 and 8.91 img/s higher than SSD300. The detection results of MobileNet V3-YOLOv4 for pineapples of different maturities in complex environments indicated a 100% success rate for both the semi-ripe and ripe stages, while YOLOv4, MobileNet V1-YOLOv4, and MobileNet V2-YOLOv4 exhibited varying degrees of missed detections. [Conclusions] Based on the above experimental results, it can be concluded that MobileNet V3-YOLOv4 proposed in this study could not only reduce the training speed and parameter number number, but also improve the accuracy and reasoning speed of pineapple maturity recognition, so it has important application prospects in the field of smart orchard. At the same time, the pineapple photo data set collected in this research can also provide valuable data resources for the research and application of related fields.
Subjects: Optics >> Quantum optics submitted time 2023-07-10
Abstract： The atomic system has reflection symmetry, parity, and atomic stimulated radiation amplified by a parallel plane resonant cavity, can generate macroscopic photons entangled state[4].
It is a quantum entangled state of 2N photons with a certain parity, a total momentum of zero, a certain energy, and a certain angular momentum. Observing it in time and space has uncertainty and randomness. According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, its energy (frequency) and momentum are completely determined. The measurement accuracy can reach the Heisenberg quantum limit and has a quantum 2N enhancement effect (2N is the number of entangled photons).
The probability distribution P2N （t） of ∣Ф2NI > and its fourier transform P2N （w-w0 ）were measured through experiments, and the experimental results were in line with theoretical expectations. And the lifetime of macroscopic photons entangled state was observed, which also has a 2N enhancement factor. The experimental results are consistent with theoretical expectations.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2019-04-08 Cooperative journals: 《天文研究与技术》
Abstract：本文在激光测高方法获取的100m分辨率的全月DEM数据基础上，选取1407个不同形态的撞击坑，提取多视角刻画撞击坑形态的地形因子指标，并进行撞击坑形态特征分析；在此基础上，采用数理统计与地理建模的方法，重点探讨地形因子间的关联性，进一步构建基于多因子的量化模型，以解释地形因子信息与撞击坑形态发育的内在联系。结果表明，深径比（Y）与直径（X1）、体积（X2）、圆度（X3）、体态比（X4）以及坑壁坡度（X5）能较好地刻画撞击坑形态发育特征，通过多元线性回归拟合构建指标间的函数关系，且拟合模型在0.05置信水平下的显著性F=492.037>>F，拟合模型的的显著性极好， 为其模拟函数关系式，拟合优度达0.637。该模拟方法在月表撞击坑形态发育研究中有重要意义，是撞击坑形态特征的数字地形模拟与信息挖掘的一次有益实践。
Subjects: Biology >> Bioengineering submitted time 2017-06-01 Cooperative journals: 《中国生物工程杂志》
Abstract： Each year forest pest spawned a great number of economic losses and caused severe ecological damage in the worldwide. A biological control method using a biopesticide was recognized as an ideal solution, and an insecticidal crystal protein (ICP) Cry3Aa from Bacillus thuringiensis was identified as the most effective biopesticide. In this report we have succesfully cloned the Cry3Aa from Bacillus thuringiensis and expressed in a plant natural endophyte bacterium Burkholderia pyrrocinia JK-SH007，with a predicted molecular mass of 70 kDa. The bioassay using bacterial crude extracts revealed highly toxic to Pyrrhalta aenescens (Fairmaire) in the 2 instar with a LD50?=0.63(0.48-0.82)g/L, thus the GM bacterium possesses both the insecticidal activity and plant disease-resistance. Our reports have laid the foundation for further exploitation of this biocontrol bacteria, and could benefit forest protection.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The rapid accumulation of data resources and the development of analysis technologies have expanded the scope of think tank research, and prompted think tanks to pay more attention to data intelligence. Meanwhile, higher requirements are put forward on the quality and innovation of the think tank. Facing the development needs of think tanks, i.e., modernization, innovation, and conscientization, this paper demonstrates the change of data-driven think tank researches from the perspective of the information chain. The paper analyzes the urgent need to reshape the discursive logic of the think tank, and discusses the construction scheme of triangulation for data-driven think tank research. Finally, several suggestions for optimizing the construction of think tanks are put forward, such as paying attention to the complementarity of correlation and causality, integrating the technical rationality and humanistic values, analyzing from the perspective of cyber-physical-human ternary space, seeking support from multidisciplinary knowledge, and constructing the engineering services of the think tank.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： Acquired spatial incompatible stimulus-response associations in a prior practice task can reduce, eliminate, or even reverse the Simon effect in a subsequent transfer task. This is called the transfer-of- learning (ToL) effect. Researchers have found some factors that influence the ToL effect in both individual and social situations. Some relevant theoretical explanations, e.g., the short-term memory associations account, the bottom-up priming mechanism and the response-opposite strategy, can explain the ToL effect. Future research should seek to clarify whether or not the stimulus-response transfer is bidirectional, and explore the cognitive neural mechanisms involved, as well as the developmental aspects of the ToL effect.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Network submitted time 2017-03-10
Abstract：网络的功能正逐步从简单的浅层分组处理向基于深度分组处理的复杂应用演化，适合 高速核心网络（10Gbps）的线速深度分组检测技术成为了一个研究热点。本文指出了深度 分组检测系统存在的“速度与性能之间的矛盾”及“语义失真”两个关键科学问题。围绕这 两个问题，系统综述和深入分析了检测方法、检测模型、检测算法等方面出现的多种优化技 术和策略，探讨了相关的研究动态与发展趋势，并总结了进一步的研究方向。
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《中国腐蚀与防护学报》
Abstract： The effect of strain on the pitting behavior of Q235 carbon steel in solutions of NaHCO3+ NaCl was studied by means of potentiodynamic polarization measurement, EIS and XPS. The results show that in a solution of 0.2 mol稬-1 NaHCO3+0.01 mol稬-1 NaCl, a strain of 8% leads to an obvious increase of the pitting potential Eb of Q235 steel, but as the Cl- concentration increased, the difference between the Eb values of strain and strain free samples decreased. When the Cl- concentration increased to 0.1 mol稬-1, the difference of Eb values disappeared. Besides, strain caused lower impedance, smaller charge transfer resistance Rct and decreased the ratio Fe3+/Fe2+ in the passive film, thereby reduced the stability of passive film. The phenomenon that strain caused the increase of Eb was attributed to that the strain promoted the anodic dissolution of Fe which in turn promoted the preferential adsorption of HCO3- on the surface, as the result the harmful effect of Cl- on the passive film was inhibited. As the ratio HCO3-/Cl- in the solution decreased, the effect of HCO3- decreased and finally disappeared.
Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： The promoting effect of insight on memory refers to the phenomenon that processing insightful problems facilitate memory retention, compared with processing non-insightful problems, which is a robust effect regardless of operational definitions of insight and experimental paradigms. Based on the stage view of insight, two theories were proposed to explain the cognitive mechanisms underlying the promoting effect of insight. The theories of cognitive generation and representation-change propose that cognitive effort, transfer-appropriate processing and representational-change processing function together during processing insightful problems to enhance the memory retention, while the emotional "aha" experience theory proposes that emotional reaction after processing insightful problems promotes the subsequent retrieval of information. Future studies should focus on the following aspects: selecting appropriate markers of insight, consolidating the promoting effect of insight on memory, evaluating the sustainability of the promoting effect of insight, and systematically exploring the cognitive mechanisms underlying the promoting effect of insight on memory.
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) submitted time 2023-03-18 Cooperative journals: 《材料研究学报》
Abstract： Aluminum foil was anodic oxidized by a two-step anodization process in oxalic acid solutions. While the influence of processing parameters, such as voltage, time and solution concentration, for the 1st and 2nd steps of anodization process on the characteristics of pores of the anodic aluminum oxides (AAO) films was investigated. Results show that for the 1st anodization, the pores spacing increases with the rising voltage, yet the anodization time and the concentration of oxalic acid solution have almost no influence; for the 2nd anodization process, the pores spacing doesn’t change when varying the voltage, the anodization time and the concentration of solution, but the pore diameter rises greatly with the rise of the voltage. The pores of the AAOs films are well arranged in a form of hexagonal array. Furthermore, the shape of the pores changes slightly when increasing the voltage for the 2nd anodization. High concentration (up to 0.4 mol/L) oxalic acid solution for the 2nd anodization resulted in an oriented piercing of the pore’s wall, even a dissolving of the AAO layer, but the pores arrangement was not affected.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2020-09-28 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： The infectious disease prevention information system has the problems that data is difficult to circulate and share between monitoring systems. To solve these problems, this paper based on Delegated Proof of Stake consensus algorithm combined with blockchain technology proposed an Infectious Disease Data Sharing model. By virtue of the characteristics of the blockchain, such as decentralization, non-tampering and collective maintenance, double-chain be used as the blockchain architecture, which improves the work efficiency. Combined with Inter-Planetary File System, large capacity storage space is obtained, which solves the space problem faced by block data storage and ensures the stability and sharing security of data storage. A consensus algorithm for disease prevention and control to realize the efficient operation is proposed by this paper. In addition, by comparing with other data sharing models, the advantages of this model in data storage and sharing security are highlighted.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2022-05-10 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： In recent years, the deep supervised hash retrieval method have been successfully applied to many image retrieval systems. However, the existing methods still have some shortcomings: First, most of the deep hash learning methods use symmetric strategies to train the network, but the training of this strategy is usually time-consuming and difficult to be used in the large-scale hash learning process; Second, there is a discrete optimization problem in the hash learning process. Existing methods relax this problem and it is difficult to guarantee the optimal solution. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a greedy-asymmetric deep supervised hashing method for image retrieval, which fully combines the advantages of the greedy algorithm and asymmetric strategy to further improve the hash retrieval performance. This article compares 17 state-of-the-art methods on two commonly used datasets. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, our method increases the mAP in 48-bits setting by 1.3% on CIFAR-10 dataset. And on NUS-WIDE dataset, increases the mAP in all-bits setting by increased 2.3% on average. The experimental results show that our method can further improve the performance of hash retrieval.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2019-08-27 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：白及的自然繁殖率极低，组培育苗是其种苗繁殖的主要方式之一。本研究以紫花白及（Bletilla striata）为试验材料，研究LED光质对白及组培苗的生长和光合特性的影响，探索提高白及组培育苗质量及缩短育苗周期的高效人工光环境。结果表明，提高红蓝光组合中的蓝光占比，有利于促进白及组培苗的生长和生物量的积累，而白及的球茎大小与红光的占比呈正相关；在红蓝组光合中增加25 %的绿光（2R1B1G），可显著提高白及叶片的叶绿素含量和净光合速率，促进组培苗根系和叶片的生长。综合分析表明，光质（2R1B1G）处理下的白及组培苗株高提高、茎粗增大、叶绿素含量、净光合速率和根系发育均表现出最佳优势，2R1B1G处理可推荐作为白及组培育苗的光质配方。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2018-12-04 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：圆叶牵牛植物资源丰富但全草少有研究，对其进行系统的化学成分与生物活性认识很有必要。本文对采自云南大理的圆叶牵牛干燥全草化学成分进行了系统的研究。通过 75%乙醇冷浸提取，浸膏以水分散，依次以乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取。采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、RP-18 等多种材料柱层析结合重结晶等方法，从圆叶牵牛醇提物乙酸乙酯部分分离得到 12个单体化合物，运用现代波谱学技术分别鉴定为木栓酮（1），β-木栓醇（2），β-香树脂醇（3），α-香树脂醇（4），6β-羟基豆甾-4-烯-3-酮（5），胡萝卜苷（6），β-谷甾醇（7），豆甾醇（8），7-羟基香豆素（9），对香豆酸-对羟基苯乙醇酯（10），山奈酚香豆酰基葡萄吡喃糖苷（11），单棕榈酸甘油酯（12）。化合物 2-5、10-12 为首次从该属植物中分离得到。
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-05-24 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： To solve the problem of large-scale network attack detection, this paper proposed a gated memory network method, based on word vector feature representation and recurrent neural network. Firstly, the proposed method transformed the network request data into low-dimension real-value vector sequence representation. And then, it extracted the features of request data by using the memory ability of gated recurrent neural network. Finally, it adopted the logistic regression classifier to achieve automatic detection of network attack. On the CSIC2010 public data set, this method achieves 98.5% 10-fold cross-validation F1-score. Comparing with traditional methods, it can effectively improve the precision and recall rates for detecting network attack. The proposed method can detect network attacks automatically and has good detection results.
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2018-04-14 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：揭示当前多种因素驱动下聚落演变模式与功能转型的地域差异具有重要意义。通过长时间序列的高清影像数据，研究典型峰丛洼地区不同自然和社会经济条件下，近50年来，尤其最近10年乡村聚落在多重背景下的演变模式、内在机制，及其地域差异。结果发现：（1）研究区聚落分布分部主要受耕地、地形和道路的影响，聚落面积增长热点和聚落斑块增长热点的耦合关系存在区域差异；（2）聚落格局演变存在集聚与均匀分布两种趋势；（3）研究区聚落特征和演变的阶段性地域差异十分明显；（4）喀斯特山区聚落的规模变化、演变阶段和演变模式既存在一些共同性的特征，又有各自的差异性；（5）外部因素和聚落农户的自我调适是演化的主要驱动力。
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology submitted time 2023-07-31
Abstract： Mind wandering is a common psychological phenomenon that can cause many obstacles for people. Mindfulness meditation is one of the important intervention methods to alleviate or avoid mind wandering. Therefore, based on an overview of the previous research, the improvement effect of mindfulness meditation on mind-wandering was firstly summarized through various aspects such as different durations, different forms, control group settings, and different groups. Second, combined with the neural mechanism and related theoretical models the mechanism of action is elaborated. Third, some potential directions for future research are discussed, including the types of mind-wandering, and different forms of mindfulness meditation, to explore the improvement of mindfulness meditation on mind-wandering and build a perfect theoretical model.
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