Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-04-24 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： This paper introduced a discretization process to discretize fractional-order delay differential equations. First of all, it considered the fractional-order delay Wright fractional differential equation. Then, it analyzed the corresponding fractional-order Wright differential equation with piecewise constant arguments and applied the proposed discretization process to solve the model numerically. After that, according to the fixed points theory, this paper investigated the stability of the fixed points of the resultant dynamical system. Finally, it carried out a numerical simulation including Lyapunov exponent, phase diagrams, time series diagram, birurcation using Matlab to reveal more complex dynamics of the model. Simulation experiments show that this paper succeeds in discretizing fractional-order delay Wright equation.
Subjects: Physics >> Nuclear Physics submitted time 2023-06-12 Cooperative journals: 《核技术》
Abstract： The use of the relativistic heavy ion collision experiment has extended our insights into the diverse possibilities available to a truly strongly-interacting system. The main goal of this experiment is to describe the properties of the different phases of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and to chart the QCD phase diagram on the Tmu plane. For the phase diagram, apart from the general phase boundary lines, some specific characteristics such as the possible critical endpoint (CEP), associated coexistence region, and strongly-coupling quark-gluon plasma (sQGP) have to be identified. Here, the CEP separates the first-order phase transition from the second-order transition (or crossover) when the case beyond the chiral limit is considered. However, convincing signals have not yet been obtained using the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) experiment. Theoretically, strong interaction systems hold significant features: asymptotic freedom in the ultraviolet region, dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, and confinement in the infrared region. Such features can be uniformly displayed in the phase structure of the matter in the temperature T and chemical potential planes. Consequently, several investigations have been experimentally and theoretically performed. However, the strong coupling feature in the low-energy region prevents the use of perturbative calculation methods, which creates the need for the development of nonperturbative approaches. Additionally, lattice QCD simulations have been widely implemented; however, the "sign problem" delays the progress in the large chemical potential region. Therefore, the Dyson-Schwinger equation (DSE) equation method and functional renormalization group approach, which inherently include both dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) and confinement, play an important role. The QCD DSE approach is a method based on the continuum quantum field theory. The new criteria were proposed based on the DSE and studied using the deconfinement and Chiral symmetry restoration phase transition of QCD. Currently, functional methods can be used to provide a reliable estimation of the CEP location. First, reliability is achieved using a thorough investigation of the truncation of the DSE, state of the art truncation is then performed causing a converging result between the different methods, and the predication of the lattice simulation at low chemical potential is confirmed. The results show a fast convergence of the truncation owing to the infrared fixed point of the QCD coupling, which allows the capturing of the QCD running behavior using a finite set of two- and three-point Green functions. The estimated location of the CEP based on the current computation is μB at 600~650 MeV and T at 100~110 MeV. The existing functional QCD methods are nonperturbative continuum methods that are capable of simultaneously describing both the DCSB and confinement. Although they are limited by the truncations, the use of functional QCD approaches has resulted in progress in the study of the QCD phase structure and thermal properties, where a complete phase diagram and related thermal properties have been obtained in a large chemical potential range, which can provide a reference for the exploration of the QCD features. Most of the theoretical studies using effective models or certain truncations have observed the existence of the CEP; however, the determination of its location is still a work in progress because it varies based on the computation. Moreover, searching for QCD phase transition signals, particularly the CEP, is the main goals of current and future experimental programs on the relativistic heavy ion collider.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2018-04-12 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： In order to use the high performance of fractional accumulated generating operator (FAGO) in the short-term grey prediction, in this paper, it firstly added FAGO in the time sequence variation grey model TSGM(1,1) to get higher accuracy. The main method organized as follow. Firstly, use the data of 1978 to 1987 from the monitoring station of “Lianziya” mountain in Hubei province as training data to optimal FAGO by using gravitational search algorithm and then use the data of 1988-1993 as verifying data to test the accuracy of the proposed grey model. Secondly, it compared other grey model GM(1,1) , fractional accumulated generating GM(1,1) and TSGM(1,1) . The result was that as follow. Firstly, corrected the error in the Chen's article. Moreover, it showed that the proposed model in this paper has higher prediction accuracy. Therefore, the novel model improves accuracy of the grey theory in long-term prediction by fractional accumulated generating operator and it provides the guide in the long-term prediction.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-10-09 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： The left visual word form area (VWFA) of the brain in adults is more sensitive to orthographic information, whereas the right fusiform face area (FFA) is preferentially involved in the processing of facial information. The cognitive neural processing mechanism of the competitive development of the complementary pattern of hemispheric lateralization in word and face recognition is systematically examined using the neuronal recycling hypothesis and the distributed account of the hemispheric organization, combined with the multidimensional computational model composed of posterior-anterior axis and medial-lateral axis in the fusiform gyrus (FG). The posterior-anterior axis distinguishes regions within a domain and is associated with hierarchical transformation. The medial-lateral axis differentiates regions across domains. Along the posterior-anterior axis in FG, area FG2, which is posterior lateral to FG, receives mainly bottom-up incoming information from the early visual cortex. Additionally, both word and face recognition require fine discrimination between highly similar stimuli, relying on high-acuity visual information from the fovea. Therefore, word and face representation should share processing resources for early perception and compete for neural space in FG2. These areas are sculpted further over development and begin to emerge being labelled the VWFA-1 in the left hemisphere (lateral to the medial-lateral axis) and the FFA-1 in the right hemisphere (medial to the medial-lateral axis). Moreover, as learning to read words and face recognition experience accumulated, the processing of word or face information transformed from VWFA-1 and FFA-1 in FG2 to VWFA-2 (lateral to the medial-lateral axis) and FFA-2 (medial to the medial-lateral axis) in FG4 located in the lateral middle part of FG, respectively. Because learning to read words improves the connectivity between VWFA-2 and the left hemisphere language network, this top-down lateralization modulation strengthens the competitive processing between words and faces, resulting in stronger leftward lateralization of VWFA-2 and accelerating rightward lateralization of FFA-2. At the same time, the face learning experience also improves the right-sided connectivity between FFA-2 and related brain networks, and this top-down modulation results in stronger right-lateralized FFA-2.Future studies should examine the following five aspects. First, some researchers propose a revised model of the neuronal recycling hypothesis, known as the blocking model, in which they suppose that in literate children, the progressive dedication of an increasing number of neuronal patches to words in the left FG prevents the expansion of the nearby object and face patches, resulting in face recognition being gradually replaced by right FG. Therefore, future studies could use high-resolution (<1mm) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine whether words directly compete with faces or block the development of faces. Second, while cytoarchitectonic similarities between FG2 and FG4 are found, the differences between them may help explain the fine-scale functional heterogeneity of FG. Based on differences in cell types, receptor densities, laminar distribution patterns, synaptic connections, and myelination between FG2 and FG4, further research could provide insight into the functional role of both fusiform areas subserving face and word recognition. Third, research has shown that preschool children's learning to read Chinese characters requires the right hemisphere to distinguish character form, and use the left hemisphere to access orthography and phonological and semantic information, so their early reading experience may compete with faces for processing resources in the right and left hemispheres. It is necessary to adopt the intertemporal study design of preschool and school-age children and use event-related potentials (ERPs) with high temporal resolution and fMRI with high spatial resolution to systematically investigate the unique mechanism of children's early reading experience affecting the competitive processing of Chinese characters and faces. Fourth, the development of right-lateralized face recognition may be influenced by factors other than learning to read words. The development of right-lateralized face recognition will experience a long time delay, which is influenced not only by brain development and learning to read but also by the gradual accumulation of facial experience. Therefore, future studies should not only focus on how learning to read words competes with face representation for processing resources in left FG, but also examine how face perception experience affects the right-lateralized development of FFA and its processing mechanism in competition with other cortical areas for space resources. Finally, visual numbers and musical notations are also cultural inventions, and learning to read them can cause brain plasticity changes similar to words. The brain structures and functional networks of learning to read words, numbers, and musical notations are both separated and overlapped, competing and coordinating with each other. Importantly, children can learn to read these three visual symbols synchronously or asynchronously. Therefore, exploring the temporal dynamics and brain mechanisms of the interaction between children's learning to read words, numbers, and musical notations not only has theoretical significance for deepening the understanding of brain plasticity of cultural learning, but also has practical significance for guiding the early teaching of language, mathematics, and music.
Subjects: Psychology >> Physiological Psychology submitted time 2023-05-24
Abstract： The left visual word form area (VWFA) of the brain in adults is more sensitive to orthographic information, whereas the right fusiform face area (FFA) is preferentially involved in the processing of facial information. However, the developmental mechanism of the complementary pattern of hemispheric lateralization still needs to be clarified. The neuronal recycling hypothesis postulates that learning to read words and face representation compete for neural processing resources in the left fusiform gyrus (FG), which leads to left hemispheric lateralization of the VWFA in word recognition, and drives the right hemispheric lateralization of FFA in face recognition. The distributed account of hemispheric organization of word and face recognition proposes three key neural computational principles to systematically elucidate a multilevel and bidirectional dynamic processing mechanism of the competitive development of word and face lateralization. Based on recent discoveries of cytoarchitectonic areas and functional organizational features of the FG, a multidimensional computational model of word and face recognition is constructed. Therefore, the cognitive neural processing mechanism of the competitive development of the complementary pattern of hemispheric lateralization in word and face recognition is systematically examined using the neuronal recycling hypothesis and distributed account of the hemispheric organization, combined with the structural and functional characteristics of FG and recent evidence. Further studies are necessary to explore the cortical spatial sites and the functional neurohistological basis of competitive processing between words and faces, the competitive mechanism of Chinese character processing on face processing, the developmental mechanism of the right hemispheric specialization for face recognition, and the mechanisms of brain plasticity changed by learning to read numbers and musical notations.
Subjects: Physics >> Interdisciplinary Physics and Related Areas of Science and Technology submitted time 2016-07-07
Abstract：由于现实社会中，并不是每个“海盗”都是绝对理性的，而且等级制度也存在一定的摘要：由于现实社会中，并不是每个“海盗”都是绝对理性的，而且等级制度也存在一定的弹性，因此本文对海盗分金差分方程模型做进一步的分数阶差分理论推广，采用 Caputo 型分数阶差分，构建海盗分金分数阶差分模型，并证明 Cauchy 初值问题解的存在唯一性和解对初值的依赖性；当分数阶差分退化到一阶差分时，解是完全一致的；从而，在理论和实际意义方面对海盗分金问题的分数阶模型的推广做出了合理的解释。
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2017-12-07 Cooperative journals: 《分子影像学杂志》
Abstract： Objective To investigate the surgical treatment of cervical intraspinal tumor and the influence of instrumentation.Methods A total of 27 patients with cervical intraspinal tumor surgically treated from January 2011 to December 2014 wereretrospectively analyzed . Patients were divided into the internal fixation group (13 cases )and the simple tumor resectiongroup(14 cases). No significant differences were found in gender, age, disease duration between 2 groups (P>0.05). JOA scorewas analyzed before and after operation, the cervical spine radiographs and MR images were recorded. Results All tumors inthe 27 patients were primarily removed. The follow-up time ranged from 1 to 56 months with an average of 29.7 months.Radicular pain, sensory disturbances, movement disorders and altered reflexes were significantly improved, JOA scoreincreased from 11.7 points preoperatively to 14.9 points at the end of the follow-up (P<0.05). No significant difference wasfound in JOA score improvement rate between 2groups (P>0.05). In the simple tumor resection group, 2 cases appearedrecurvation deformity in cervical spine. Conclusion Surgical treatment can achieve good clinical efficacy in the treatment ofcervical intraspinal tumor with or without fixation.
Subjects: Mathematics >> Applied Mathematics submitted time 2016-07-07
Abstract：自博弈论中有趣的海盗分金问题（Pirate Game(PG)）提出以来，其在理论分析上，仅摘要：自博弈论中有趣的海盗分金问题（Pirate Game(PG)）提出以来，其在理论分析上，仅限于逆向递推法和数列递推法。本文首先借鉴这两种方法建立一阶差分模型；而后，考虑到每个海盗不是绝对理性的，等级高的海盗需要依赖等级低一级的海盗的决策而做出最优决策，建立二阶时滞差分模型，在数学原理上对 PG 做深入分析：当τ= 0 时，与实际情况偏差较大；当时滞量 τ=1 时，模型的解和一阶差分模型的解一致，即在现实生活中也存在着做决策时直接咨询自己的第一副手的社会群体。从而，在现代分析方法的层次上，本文给出一个 PG 的新的合理的数学解释。
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Computer Science >> Integration Theory of Computer Science submitted time 2022-04-07 Cooperative journals: 《计算机应用研究》
Abstract： Age of Information (AoI) is a performance metric that captures the freshness of data from the destination’s perspective. In the energy constrained real-time sensing Internet of things scenario, this paper proposed a joint sampling and hybrid backscatter communication updating policy to improve the AoI performance of the system. The policy minimized the long-term average AoI of the system by allowing the source to select state sampling actions and transmission modes of updating processes. Specifically, this paper modeled the problem as an average cost Markov decision process (MDP) . Then, when the system realized the dynamic environment information, the paper adopted optimal strategy by relative value iterative algorithm. When the system lacked the dynamic environment information, the paper applied Q-learning algorithm and exploration exploitation technique to learn the optimal strategy through trial-and-error interactions with the environment. Simulation results show that compared with the two reference policies, the proposed policy significantly improves the AoI performance of the system, and the AoI performance of the system increases with the decrease of the update package size or the increase of battery capacity.
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在比较2种不同剂型酸化剂对哺乳母猪生产性能、初乳成分和肠道菌群结构的影响。试验选择30头体况相近、预产期接近的2～4胎长大二元杂交母猪，随机分成3个组，每组10个重复，每个重复1头母猪。在试验期间各组母猪分别饲喂基础饲粮（对照组）、基础饲粮+0.3%吸附型酸化剂（A组）、基础饲粮+0.1%微囊型酸化剂（B组）。预试期7 d（母猪分娩前7天）、正试期26 d（从母猪分娩开始至泌乳结束）。结果表明：与对照组相比，A组和B组母猪的泌乳期平均日采食量分别提高4.9%（P＞0.05）和5.3%（P＞0.05），仔猪断奶均重分别提高2.6%（P＞0.05）和7.4%（P＜0.05）。A组和B组的母猪初乳中乳脂、乳蛋白、尿氮素、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白A含量均高于对照组（P＞0.05），而乳糖含量则低于对照组（P＞0.05）。与对照组相比，B组母猪饲粮蛋白质消化率显著提高（P＜0.05），且粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著降低（P＜0.05）；A组母猪粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著降低（P＜0.05）。由此可见，微囊型酸化剂在提高仔猪断奶重以及哺乳母猪饲粮蛋白质消化率和改善肠道菌群结构方面有一定功效，而吸附型酸化剂在改善哺乳母猪肠道菌群结构方面有一定功效。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验通过检测不同品种奶牛的产奶量、乳成分和血清生化指标，研究其三者与乳钙含量的相关性，为获取高钙奶源提供理论依据。从饲养娟姗牛、西门塔尔牛、西门塔尔牛与荷斯坦杂交牛（西荷F1牛）和荷斯坦牛的4个牧场中分别选取50头泌乳天数为100~150 d、胎次1~3胎、健康无疾病的奶牛，于气温(14±4) ℃的某日采集样品。记录当日3次产奶量，采集当日早、中、晚3次奶样，再从其中随机挑选30头牛，采集早、中、晚3次血液样品。即每个品种奶牛采集150个奶样，检测乳成分；采集90个血样，检测生化指标。并对不同品种奶牛乳钙含量与产奶量、乳成分和血清生化指标的相关性进行分析。结果表明：1）荷斯坦牛的产奶量显著高于其他品种奶牛（P0.05）。综上所述，品种对于乳钙含量的影响较大，娟姗牛和西门塔尔牛乳钙含量较高，荷斯坦奶牛的乳钙含量最低但产奶量最高。乳钙含量与乳蛋白率和乳锌、乳磷含量呈正相关，与血清ALP活性和PTH、维生素D、钙、磷、镁含量无相关性。
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2018-05-23 Cooperative journals: 《天文研究与技术》
Abstract： 中国科学院云南天文台多年来积累了近16 000张手绘太阳黑子观测数据，建立完善的查询与统计系统对这些海量数据进行科学的管理与统计分析成为必要。数字化数据包括太阳黑子记录近9万个，有效记录数据100万余个。系统提供了一个数据管理、数据检索、数据统计分析的平台。借助数据管理系统，可对太阳黑子相关参数进行长周期的统计。
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2017-09-26 Cooperative journals: 《天文研究与技术》
Abstract：中国科学院云南天文台多年来积累了近16 000张手绘太阳黑子观测数据，建立完善的查询与统计系统对这些海量数据进行科学的管理与统计分析成为必要。数字化数据包括太阳黑子记录近9万个，有效记录数据100万余个。系统提供了一个数据管理、数据检索、数据统计分析的平台。借助数据管理系统，可对太阳黑子相关参数进行长周期的统计。
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2017-02-09 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：研究退化林草地不同生态恢复模式土壤活性有机碳和碳库管理指数变化，可为评价生态恢复措施提升土壤质量的效果，以及优化生态恢复模式的选择提供重要参考。结合野外调查和室内分析法，研究了若尔盖沙化草地不同生态恢复模式土壤有机碳组分及碳库管理指数变化。若尔盖沙化草地的生态恢复模式有：灌草间作模式Ⅰ（条带状红柳间植草本植物，SGⅠ）、灌草间作模式Ⅱ（环状红柳间植草本植物，SGⅡ）、沙障+灌草模式（红柳沙障+红柳间植草本植物，SBSG）。结果表明，与沙化草地（DG）相比，3种恢复模式都能提高土壤有机碳及其活性组分含量。SGⅠ模式的全剖面土壤微生物量碳（MBC）、溶解性有机碳（DOC）、易氧化有机碳（EOC）、颗粒有机碳（POC）含量分别增加36.6%、139.0%、89.4%、130.9%；SGⅡ模式的分别增加2.7%、-43.9%、15.0%、49.7%；SBSG模式的分别增加82.4%、21.8%、56.2%、170.3%。表明SGⅠ与SBSG提高土壤有机碳的效应相近，而且二者都远大于SGⅡ。3种生态恢复模式土壤活性有机碳分配比例与DG的差异表现不一致，显著体现是SGⅠ模式土壤DOC分配比例的垂直变化出现分馏现象。3种生态恢复模式土壤碳库管理指数（CPMI）均大于100%，能不同程度地提升土壤质量，其效应大小为SGⅠ > SGⅡ > SBSG。易氧化有机碳可作为反映沙化草地生态修复模式土壤质量变化的优选指标，CPMI也可用于表征生态恢复措施提升沙化草地土壤质量的效果。
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