Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology submitted time 2021-06-02
Abstract： The acts of pro-customer deviance (PCD), which occurs in the service encounters where employees consciously deviate from the formal regulations of enterprises to help customers or safeguard the interests of customers have been widely observed. However, barely no divergent results were found on the impact of PCD on the customer’s response. Therefore, utilizing the Stimulus-Organism-Response paradigm and taking dual moral attributes of PCD (e.g., altruistic motivation, deviation from the norms of organization) as the logical origin, this study develops a model examining the relationship among PCD, customer moral emotions and re-patronage intention. Specifically, according to the Cognitive Appraisal Theory, this study explores customers’ moral cognitive evaluation of PCD as well as their complex moral emotional response to PCD. Moreover, based on the Differential Emotions Theory, this study examines the interaction effect among different types of moral emotions, the mediating effect of moral emotions on the relationship between PCD and re-patronage intention, and the moderating effect of customer’s attribution of responsibility and service context on the PCD-moral emotions-re-patronage intention linkage. The present study not only provides new theoretical insights into PCD and moral emotions, but also offers valuable practical implications for service enterprises to take advantage of the positive effect of PCD.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Psychology >> Cognitive Psychology Subjects: Psychology >> Experimental Psychology submitted time 2021-06-02
Abstract： Acute stress is a nonspecific response where an environmental demand exceeds the natural regulatory capacity of an organism, in particular situations that include unpredictability and uncontrollability. The acute stress can affect individuals' attentional bias to emotional stimuli. Previous researches mainly focus on the effect of acute stress on the attentional bias of negative stimuli (e.g. threat), but less is known about the effect of acute stress on positive emotional stimuli (e.g. pleasure,). At the same time, previous researches focused more on the covert attention, compared to the overt attention. It is known that acute stress affects individuals' covert attention bias to emotional stimuli, but the mechanism of how it affects overt attentionl bias is still unclear. To this end, the current study was aimed to investigate the cognitive mechanism of the effect of acute stress on the overt attentional bias of positive and negative emotional stimuli by using an eye tracking techniques. In this study, forty-six healthy male adults were randomly assigned to a stress group (n = 24) and a control group (n = 22). The stress group induced the stress state of individuals by the MAST acute stress task, while the control group remained under the control condition, and then completed the attentional engagement-disengagement task. The results were as follows :(1) The MAST acute stress task successfully induced the stress state of the subjects, and the cortisol concentration, state anxiety scores and negative emotion scores in the stress group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the positive emotion scores were significantly lower than those in the control group. (2) As for the results of behavioral responses, The response time to attentional engagement of positive emotional faces in the stress group was significantly longer than that in the control group; There was no significant difference between the stress group and the control group in the attentional engagement response time of negative emotional faces. The response time of stress group to attention disengagement of positive and negative emotional faces was significantly longer than that of control group. (3) Eye movement results showed that there were no significant differences between the stress group and the control group in the direction of initial gaze, first fixation latency and first fixation duration on positive and negative emotional faces. The total fixation time of stress group was significantly longer than that of control group on negative emotional faces, but there was no significant difference between stress group and control group on positive emotional faces. These results suggest that in overt attentional bias, acute stress disrupts attention disengagement to emotional faces, rather than attentional engagement. We found that acute stress can stably affect the attention disengagement of general negative emotional faces, rather than the specific damage of threat stimulation alone, and this effect occurs in the late stage of attention processing. This may be due to the damage of attention function related to frontal - parietal network by acute stress. However, the effect of acute stress on the attentional bias of positive emotional faces and the related cognitive mechanism need further research.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： A new species, Selaginella pseudotamariscina (Selaginellaceae), is described from Vietnam. The placement of this species within Selaginella subg. Stachygynandrum is assessed based on a molecular phylogenetic analysis and morphological comparisons with related species. Molecular phylogenetic analyses suggested that S. pseudotamariscina is sister to S. digitata-S. imbricata clade. Morphologically, the new species is similar to S. tamariscina and S. pulvinata by sharing the rosette-forming habit, but distinguished by its dorsal leaves symmetrical, lanceate, sulcate on upper surface; strobili slightly dorsiventrally complanate and non-resupinate, sporophylls resembling vegetative leaves in form and arrangement, non-resupinate, the ventral sporophylls larger than the dorsal ones, dorsal sporophylls sterile, sporangia only borne on the base of ventral sporophylls.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Pedicularis pandania (Orobanchaceae) was a new species discovered in the Wolong National Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China. This new species belongs to the alternative-leaved group that characterizing by having abundant basal leaves or only 1-3 cauline leaves, short-tubed and beaked corolla, and the lower lip completely enveloping the beaked galea. Due to the corolla tube was strongly twisted near the calyx, the corolla lower lip was completely upside down, which was distinguished from other Chinese species. Phylogenetic analyses showed that P. pandania fell into the Clade 7, as a sister to species in Series Flammeae, Pseudo-oederianae, Rhynchodontae, Filiculae and Macrorhynchae. Morphologically, however, the new species is easily discriminated from them in the corolla form as mentioned above.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Based on literature, field work, collection, examination and identification of related specimens, we found a newly recorded species of Phyllanthaceae from China——Sauropus racemosus Beille. It differs from other species of Sauropus in having glabrous young branches,glabrous leaves, racemoses 3 to 5 clustered on the lower part of the old stem branchlets. In this paper, a detailed description, the photographs and geographical distribution of S. racemosus are given. In addition, we consider S. racemosus as ‘Endangered’ (EN) based on the IUCN categories and criteria. The discovery of S. racemosus enriched the diversity of plant species in the Sino-Vietnanese border area. It reflects that the Sino-Vietnanese border area are biodiversity hotspots in the world and key areas for biodiversity conservation. It also shows that the plant investigation in this area is not enough, and further investigation and research are needed.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to reveal the effects of different vegetation restoration modes on soil microbial communities in karst areas, this study took pure Dalbergia odorifera plantation (PDOP), pure Acrocarpus fraxinifolius plantation (PAFP) and their mixed plantation (MADP) as research subjects. The soil microbial biomass and microbial community structure of different plantations were analyzed by chloroform fumigation extraction method and phospholipids fatty acid (PLFA) method. The results were as follows: The soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) contents of PDOP were significantly higher than those of PAFP and MADP, and that of PAFP was significantly higher than that of the MADP. The contents of soil fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and total PLFA were not significantly different among the three plantations, but the contents of soil bacteria, actinomycetes, AMF and total PLFA in PDOP were higher than those in PAFP and MADP, and those in the PAFP were higher than those in MADP. The PLFA contents of bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and actinomycetes in PDOP were significantly higher than those in MADP. The ratio of fungi to bacteria in MADP was significantly higher than that in PDOP, but there were no significant differences between MADP and PAFP. Redundancy analysis showed that soil cation exchange capacity, pH, and C∶N were the most important factors affecting the functional group composition of soil microbial community. From the perspective of soil microbial biomass and microbial community structure of the three plantations, MADP in karst area did not show the advantage of mixed forest in acid soil region to improve soil microbial community structure. However, the ratio of fungi to bacteria in the mixed plantation is the highest, which is more conducive to improving the stability of soil ecosystem.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To improve the economic value of phytoremediation, three flowers i.e. Tagetes patula, Cosmos bipinnata and Centaurea cyanus were chosen in this study to investigate their remediation and reutilization potentials. The pilot-scale experiments were carried out in Cd, As and Pb contaminated farmland near the mining area in Guangxi. The metal amounts, bioconcentration factor (BCF) and biotranslocation factor (BTF) of the flowers towards Cd, As and Pb were analyzed and calculated. In order to develop a novel reutilization method of the harvested plants, the essential oil was extracted from the biomasses. The antibacterial effects of the oil as well as in the sanitizer were also investigated. The results showed that the studied flowers had good resistance to high-level contamination of Cd, As and Pb in the soil. Tagetes patula and Cosmos bipinnata extracted higher contents of Cd and Pb from the soil, whilst Cosmos bipinnata showed the lowest metal enrichment amounts. These flowers possessed high level of BCFs and BTFs towards Cd, moderate level for Pb, but the lowest level for As. In general, the metal extraction ability of the flowers in descending order was Tagetes patula > Cosmos bipinnata > Centaurea cyanus, and the metal enrichment preference was Cd>Pb>As. Given the high metal accumulation in Tagetes patula, no significant amounts of metals were detected in the extracted oil. The Tagetes patula oil was found to have a good inhibition effect (<10 CFU穖L-1) towards Escherichaia coli,Staphyloccocus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. It also prolongated the antibacterial effect of the sanitizer as long as 480 min. Therefore, Tagetes patula is preferred in the phytoremediation of metal-contaminated farmland. The essential oil extracted from the harvested biomasses can be developed as an antibacterial agent in the future. This study broadens the reutilization potential of harvested plants after the phytoremediation.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： In order to understand the limiting factors of photosynthesis of Phyllostachys edulis seedlings under nitrogen addition and short-term of irradiance change, an improved Farquhar model was used to study the photosynthetic characteristics of P. edulis seedlings with nitrogen addition. The light response curve and CO2 response curve were measured under different short-term light radiation conditions (high light：1 200 μmol‧m-2‧s-1, low light：200 μmol‧m-2‧s-1). The results showed that the biomass of P. edulis seedlings treated with nitrogen addition was significantly higher than that of control, and PLmax, CE, Vcmax and Jmax were significantly higher than those of control. In addition, PCmax, CE, gm, Tp and CSP of P. edulis seedlings under high light level were significantly higher than those of low light level. What’s more, gm has no difference after nitrogen addition, but it reduced 60.31% while the decrease of short-term radiation. In conclusion, P. edulis seedlings with nitrogen treatment increased the quantity and activity of Rubisco protease in photosynthesis process, promoted photosynthetic phosphorylation and NADPH synthesis, and improved the reqeneration rate of RuBP through higher Vcmax and Jmax, in order to fully assimilate photosynthetic carbon, promote the high growth and biomass accumulation. Therefore, it could be inferred that the content and activity of Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (Rubisco) and regeneration capacity of RuBP were the limiting factors of the photosynthesis rate, for the control P. edulis seedlings with no nitrogen. Light heterogeneity affect the photosynthetic physiological and biochemical changes inside the leaves of P. edulis, the decreased of light intensity effectively regulated the change of gm and Tp, indicating that the photosynthesis of P. edulis seedlings was mainly limited by gm and Tp. Nitrogen addition and the changes of short-term irradiance affected the photosynthesis and carbon acquisition of P. edulis seedlings, and also affected its growth and regeneration.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Resurrection plants usually grow in extreme habitats and have the capacity to survive from lower relative water content to 10%. There are many resurrection plants in Gesneriaceae family, and the resuscitating mechanism of different species may be different. In order to investigate whether the two species have resurrection characteristics and their physiological mechanisms in response to drought, two species of Gesneriaceae, Paraboea rufescens and Oreocharis cordatula, which are distributed in subtropical and temperate limestone areas respectively, were selected in this study. Their leaves were dehydrated for 1, 2 and 3 d respectively, and then rehydrated for 1 day respectively. The leaf morphology, relative water content, photosynthetic activity, photosynthetic pigments, membrane integrity and osmotic adjustment substances during different dehydration and rehydration treatments were detected and analyzed. The results showed that the leaf discs of Paraboea rufescens folded inward after dehydration, and the leaf upper epidermis was completely wrapped after dehydrated for 2 days, and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm, which characterized the maximum photosynthetic potential, was inhibited. Comparatively, the leaf discs of Oreocharis cordatula shrunk slightly, and they maintained the Fv/Fm level, and had higher photoprotection ability [Y(NPQ)]. The leaf discs of both species spread out and Fv/Fm recovered following rewatered. After two days of dehydration, the relative water content (RWC) of the two species decreased to about 5%, the conductivity increased to 51.8% and 56.2%, respectively, and the content of soluble sugar content increased significantly. During the following rewatered, RWC, conductivity and soluble sugar all recovered to the control level. After further dehydration for 3 days, RWC of leaf discs of two species reached about 1.5%, the conductivity increased to about 95% after rehydration, and Fv/Fm disappeared. Chlorophyll a+b content of P. rufescens decreased by 50% during resuscitable dehydration and rehydration, while Oreocharis cordatula remained basically unchanged, which indicated that both of them were homoiochlorophyllous desiccation tolerance species and could quickly resume photosynthesis after rehydration following dehydration. During dehydration and rehydration, the contents of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) had no significant change, and remained extremely low level, which indicated two species could keep their membrane lipids from being oxidized under extreme drought conditions. To sum up, these two species can survive from dehydration to lower level of 5% RH, therefore they are both resurrection plants. Under severe dehydration，Paraboea rufescens can avoid the damage from excessive light absorption by curling its leaves; however, Oreocharis cordatula can spread the excessive energy by heat dissipation through photoprotection of PS II, thus protecting its photosynthesis organs.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： This study aims to explore potential new bacterial species and bioactive substances in mangrove plants, which can enrich the diversity of mangrove microorganisms and provide strain resources for the development of new active products. 22 samples were collected from three true mangrove plants of Kandelia candel, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora stylosa, and their habitats, in Guangxi coastal area. Then 22 samples were divided according to different parts such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and muds. Eight different culture mediums were used to isolate culturable bacteria, and 16S rRNA gene sequences were used to identify bacteria and analyze diversity. For cultured bacteria, the antibacterial and enzyme activities of fermented crude extracts were screened with Kirby-Bauer method and spot planting method, respectively. The results were as follows:（1）Based on sequencing results of 16S rRNA gene, a total of 35 culturable bacteria were isolated, belonging to 28 genera and 23 families. Bacillus accounted for 14.3% of the total bacteria, which was the dominant bacteria. Meanwhile, 11 potential new bacterial species were found. （2）Four strains of bacteria showed antibacterial activities, 16 strains had enzyme activities, and Bacillus was the dominant strain in enzyme activities. The above results showed that Guangxi true mangrove plants were rich in bacterial diversity, and some bacteria showed antibacterial activities and enzyme activities. The new bacterial species and active strain had certain development potential in the new antibiotics and enzymes application.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Secondary coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests is very common in subtropical regions. Studying the community succession characteristics and regeneration rules of the secondary coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests will provide a scientific basis for vegetation restoration and forest management in this area. Using two datasets (2013 and 2018) from a permanent 1 hm2 secondary coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest plot in DBS, we analyzed the dynamics changes of tree species composition, community species diversity, species important values, and size class structure and so on. The results were as follows: (1) Species richness and individual numbers were significantly reduced in the community during 2013-2018 (P<0.05); (2) In the plot, 1 505 individuals DBH≥1 cm died, with an average annual mortality rate of 6.40%, and 71 new individuals recruited, with an average annual recruitment rate of 0.35%; (3) The community species diversity indexes declined significantly (P<0.05), of which Margalef richness index changed greatly, decreased by 25.03%, and Shannon-Wiener index decreased by 11.88%; (4) The dominant position of evergreen broad-leaved tree species were strengthening, while coniferous tree species were gradually reduced; (5) During the five years, the proportion of large and medium size class plants gradually increased, while the proportion of small size class plants gradually decreased. In general, the species composition and structure dynamics of the secondary coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest community in DBS changed significantly during 2013-2018. The community is in a rapid succession stage from secondary coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest to evergreen broad-leaved forest.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-06-02 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Guizhou Province is rich in ecological resources, and the establishment of a country is conducive to centralized and standardized management of ecological resources. Analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of national nature reserves in Guizhou Province, will help to screen out the advantageous landscape resource gathering areas for the selection of national parks, and provide reference for the establishment of a national park-based nature reserve system. With the help of ArcGis spatial analysis tool, we analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of 113 protected areas in 5 categories, and screens out the candidate areas of national park pilot and evaluates their resources. The results were as follows: (1) The national nature reserves in Guizhou Province are distributed in a cohesive way with a high degree of overlap, and eight national park pilot candidate areas are delimited by taking the reserve gathering area as the landscape advantage area. (2) Based on the analysis of the main representative resources of the gathering areas and the experts’scores, the concentration areas with the highest scores can be recommended as the national park pilot areas, the highest scores in Chishui-Xishui area could be selected as the national park experimental area. (3) The national representativeness, suitability, state-owned and social feasibility of Chishui-Xishui area resources can meet the basic principle of setting up national parks with priority to integrate overlapping protected areas, and its plant diversity conservation is of great value. The results of this study provide a new idea for the location of national parks and a reference for the conservation of plant diversity in national parks.
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