Subjects: Physics >> General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc. submitted time 2023-09-01 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Falls are the important causes of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Although clinical staff have paid attention to the management of falls，adherence to fall interventions is not satisfactory，resulting in the high incidence of fall. Understanding the older adults' own perception of fall risk from their perspective may be the key to fall prevention，especially active fall prevention. In this paper，we reviewed the concept of fall risk perception，behavioral consequences and influencing factors of fall risk perception in older adults from the perspective of "the first person responsible for health"，and found that there are fewer studies on fall risk perception in older adults at home and abroad，the conceptual connotation still needs to be further explored. Subjective perceptions of fall risk in older adults can lead to different patterns of fall risk coping behaviors that influence fall risk. The influencing factors of fall risk perception mainly focus on the emotional psychology，physiological conditions，social culture，and physical environment，with the influencing process through subjective cognition. Empirical studies can be used to further validate the psychological cognitive mechanisms of fall risk perception in conjunction with the risk perception formation process in the future，in order to provide empirical evidence for proactive fall prevention.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2023-01-30 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract：
With the development of information technology, artificial intelligence shows great potentials for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Nevertheless, algorithmic bias in artificial intelligence can lead to problems such as unequal distribution of healthcare resources, which significantly affect patients’ health equity. Algorithmic bias is a technical manifestation of human bias, which is related to the process of artificial intelligence development, including data collection, model training and optimization as well as output application. Since healthcare providers have a direct impact on patients’ health, they should take measures to prevent algorithmic bias and related health equity. It is also important for healthcare providers to ensure the unbiasedness of health data, optimize the fairness of artificial intelligence, and enhance the transparency of its output application. In addition, healthcare providers also need to consider how to solve algorithmic bias and bias related health inequity in clinical practice in order to fully and properly protect patients' health equity. This paper reviews the causes and countermeasures of algorithmic bias in the health field to improve healthcare providers’ awareness and ability in identifying and addressing algorithmic bias, as well as provide empirical foundations for ensuring the health equity in the information age.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2022-09-05 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Old adults with apathy have a high risk of falling and are easy to fall repeatedly. Although improving apathy can help reduce the risk of falling in the elderly, it’s difficult to find an effective intervention on apathy.But, frailty may provide a new method to reduce the risk of falls in Old adults with apathy. Objective To investigate the mediating effect of frailty between apathy and risk of falling. Methods Convenience sampling method was adopted. Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP), Geriatric Depression Scale, (GDS-3), the Falling Risk Scale (STEADI), and demographic information were used to investigate the research question with 212 community-dwelling older adults. Results There was a positive correlation between apathy and falling risk scores (P< 0.050). The mediating effect of frailty on the relationship between apathy and risk of falling was 0.22, accounting for 22.45% of the total effect. Conclusion Frailty is a mediating variable between apathy and risk of falling in community old adults. Improving frailty is an important way to reduce risk of falling in the elderly with apathy.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2022-12-20 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract：
With the increasing aging population in China, older adults’ falls and fall-related injuries have gained increased attention, and preventive guidelines have also been developed and regularly updated. In 2022, The World Falls Guidelines Task Force assembled 96 experts from 39 countries issued the World Guidelines for Falls Prevention and Management for Older Adults. The guideline uses a person-centered approach by taking full account of the needs of older adults on the management of falls and the perceptions and experiences of caregivers and other stakeholders on preventing falls of older adults, as well as the utility of the guideline in various care settings and locations with limited resources. The guideline also incorporates the latest evidence on the use of e-health for fall prevention to provide new clinical recommendations on the screening, assessment, and management of risk for falls among community-dwelling older adults. It also promotes physical activity and falls prevention for all older adults. The current work offers an in-depth interpretation of guidelines and provides practical guidance to Chinese clinicians and community workers for prevention and management of falls in older adults.
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