Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Clinical Medicine submitted time 2023-07-21 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Background Inflammatory bowel disease（IBD） has become highly prevalent in recent years characterized by a prolonged disease course and high disease burden. However，there is a lack of data to understand the burden of IBD in China，which may hinder health care planning and resource allocation for the disease. Objective To investigate the burden of IBD and its variation tendency in China from 1990 to 2019，and analyze the influence of age，gender and period on IBD. Methods The incidence，mortality and disability adjusted life year（DALY） rate of IBD in China from 1990 to 2019 were collected using the Global Burden of Disease Database 2019. Joinpoint software was used to analyze the variation tendency and characteristics of standardized incidence，standardized mortality and standardized DALY rate of IBD，and Excel 2019software was used for data processing. Results From 1990 to 2019，the standardized incidence increased from 1.47 per 100 000 to 3.001 per 100 000 with AAPC of 2.50%〔95%CI（2.4，2.6）〕，the standardized mortality decreased from 0.86/100 000 to 0.35/100 000 with AAPC of -1.6%〔95%CI（-3.8，-3.4）〕，the standardized DALY rate decreased from 24.47/100 000 to 16.31/100 000，with AAPC of -2.20% （95%CI：-2.3，-2.0），the changes of trends were all statistically significant（P<0.05）. The standardized incidence and mortalityof of males were higher than females in each year，while the standardized DALY rate of females was higher than males before 1995，basically the same in males and females from 1995 to 2001，and higher in males than females after 2001. There was overall stable uptrend in the AAPC of the standardized incidence of IBD in all age groups by year（P<0.05） and overall downtrend in the AAPC of standardized mortality rate in all age groups，while the downtrend became slower with increasing age（P<0.05）. Conclusion From 1990 to 2019，the standardized mortality rate and DALY rate of IBD showed a downtrend，while the standardized incidence showed an uptrend. The standardized incidence and mortality of males were higher than females by year. The burden of IBD in elderly population deserves priority attention and will be a major public health challenge in China due to large population base and aging population.
Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2023-07-10 Cooperative journals: 《中国全科医学》
Abstract： Gastric cancer（GC）is one of the most heterogeneous and aggressive malignant tumors of the digestive system. Traditional chemotherapy drugs and epidermal growth factor receptor 2（HER2）targeted drugs such as Trastuzumab still have the disadvantages of high incidence of drug resistance，high toxic side effects and poor tolerance of patients. Therefore，it is imperative to develop more effective anti GC drugs. Novel targeted drugs against HER2 are currently available，but are ineffective or resistance in some cases，which is related to the low expression of HER2（HER2 IHC1+ or IHC2+/ISH-） in certain GC cells，accounting for about 40%-60% of all types. However，in clinical practice，these patients are still reported as HER2-negative GC. Therefore，accurate detection of HER2 expression is crucial to identify patients who may benefit from trastuzumab therapy. The emergence of antibody drug conjugates（ADC）provides a new therapeutic option for HER2-positive GC and it is expected to replace traditional GC chemotherapy in the future by its precise and efficient anti-tumor effect. Recent studies have found that ADC may have potential anti-tumor activity in HER2 low-expression GC，and related clinical studies are evaluating its effectiveness and safety in HER2 low-expression GC treatment. This article reviews the application and the latest research progress of ADC in HER2 low-expression GC patients in the era of targeted therapy and discusses the challenges faced in the application and development of HER2-targeted ADCs.
Subjects: Computer Science >> Natural Language Understanding and Machine Translation submitted time 2020-10-27
Abstract： The ICD-9 terminology standardization task aims to standardize the colloquial terminology recorded by doctors in medical records into the standard terminology defined in the ninth version of International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9). In this paper, we first propose a BERT and Text Similarity Based Method (BTSBM) that combines BERT classification model with text similarity calculation algorithm: 1) use the N-gram algorithm to generate a Candidate Standard Terminology Set (CSTS) for each colloquial terminology, which is used as the training dataset and test dataset for next step; 2) use the BERT classification model to classify the correct standard terminology. In this BTSBM method, if a larger-scale CSTS is taken as the test dataset, the training dataset also needs to maintain larger-scale. However, there is only one positive sample in each CSTS. Hence, expanding the scale will cause a serious imbalance in the ratio of positive and negative samples, which will significantly degrade system performance. While if we keep the test dataset relatively small, the CSTS Accuracy (CSTSA) will degrade significantly, which results a very low system performance ceiling. In order to address above problems, we then propose an optimized terminology standardization method, called as Advanced BERT and Text Similarity Based Method (ABTSBM), which 1) uses a large-scale initial CSTS to maintain a high CSTSA to ensure a high system performance ceiling, 2) denoises CSTS based on body structure to alleviate the imbalance of positive and negative samples without reducing the CSTSA, and 3) introduces the focal loss function to further promote a balance of positive and negative samples. Experiments show that, the precision of the ABTSBM method is up to 83.5%, which is 0.6% higher than BTSBM, while the computation cost of ABTSBM is 26.7% lower than BTSBM." " "
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2018-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract： 河西地区地处青藏高原区与西北干旱区过渡带，是当下推进“一带一路”伟大战略建设的重要通道。同时，该地区也是我国沙漠化最严重地区之一。本文通过对已发表的河西地区风沙堆积事件与历史时期战争、人口数量、降水变化进行综合对比研究，分析了该地区近1 ka以来沙漠化的主导因素。结果显示：（1）在最近1 ka以来，河西地区的沙漠化主要发生在0.91 ka、0.74 ka、0.68 ka、0.44 ka、0.32、0.24 ka、0.18-0.12 ka和＜0.1 ka时段；（2）0.91 ka、0.74 ka、0.68 ka、0.44 ka和0.24 ka时段的沙漠化敏感地响应了高强度的战争活动，0.32 ka时段的沙漠化是对区域低降水量的响应。（3）近200 a以来的沙漠化是对人口快速增长的响应。
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