分类: 心理学 >> 心理测量 分类: 心理学 >> 临床与咨询心理学 分类: 医学、药学 >> 临床医学 提交时间: 2024-03-12
摘要: Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate the Chinese Short Version of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-CSV), addressing the need for culturally appropriate diagnostic tools for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the Chinese adult population.Methods: Utilizing a combination of intergroup difference analysis, factor analysis, and network analysis, we identified core ADHD symptoms pertinent to the Chinese cultural context. The study involved two samples: a vocational and technical school sample (N=1144) and an internet sample (N=1654), comprising adults aged 16-25 years. Reliability, validity, and diagnostic efficacy of the ASRS-CSV were assessed through psychometric testing.Results: The ASRS-CSV demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.9) and robust convergent validity (AVE > 0.7). The scale’s diagnostic cutoff points were optimized, revealing high sensitivity and specificity for ADHD screening. Cross-cultural analysis highlighted differences in core ADHD symptoms between Chinese and Western populations, underscoring the scale’s cultural sensitivity.Conclusion: The ASRS-CSV is a reliable, valid, and efficient tool for screening ADHD in Chinese adults, reflecting the socio-cultural nuances of ADHD symptomatology. Its development marks a significant advancement in the field of psychiatry, offering a tailored approach for ADHD assessment in China and contributing to the global discourse on cross-cultural psychiatric diagnosis.
分类: 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间: 2023-02-19
摘要: Emitting light towards on-demand directions is important for various optoelectronic applications, such as optical communication, displaying, and ranging. However, almost all existing directional emitters are assemblies of passive optical antennae and external light sources, which are usually bulky, fragile, and with unendurable loss of light power. Here we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a new conceptual design of directional emitter, by using a single surface-emitting laser source itself to achieve dynamically controlled beam steering. The laser is built on photonic crystals that operates near the band edges in the continuum. By shrinking laser sizes into tens-of-wavelength, the optical modes quantize in three-dimensional momentum space, and each of them directionally radiates towards the far-field. Further utilizing the luminescence spectrum shifting effect under current injection, we consecutively select a sequence of modes into lasing action and show the laser maintaining in single mode operation with linewidths at a minimum of $1.8$ MHz and emitting power of $\sim$ ten milliwatts, and we demonstrate fast beam steering across a range of $3.2^\circ \times 4^\circ$ in a time scale of $500$ nanoseconds. Our work proposes a novel method for on-chip active beam steering, which could pave the way for the development of automotive, industrial, and robotic applications.
分类: 生物学 >> 生物化学 提交时间: 2020-02-08
摘要: 新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)自2019年12月在湖北省武汉市爆发,并迅速传播到中国多地及其他国家。在本研究中,我们报告了来自中国深圳早期的2019-nCoV感染患者的流行病学、临床指标、生化指标和影像学特征,以及可用于预测疾病严重程度的潜在生物标记物。所有12例2019-nCoV感染的肺炎患者均发展为肺炎,其中一半患者进一步发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)。最常见的实验室检测生化指标异常是低白蛋白(albumine,ALB)血症、淋巴细胞(lymphocytes,LYM)计数减少,淋巴细胞百分比和中性粒细胞(neutrophils,NEU)百分比降低,C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)和乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)水平升高,以及CD8细胞计数降低。从患者呼吸道特别是下呼吸道检测到的2019-nCoV病毒滴度与肺部疾病的严重程度正相关。 ALB、LYM、LYM(%)、LDH、NEU(%)和CRP的水平与急性肺损伤程度高度相关。年龄、病毒滴度、肺损伤评分和血液生化指标:ALB、CRP、LDH、LYM(%)、LYM和NEU(%)可能是疾病严重程度的预测指标。此外, 2019-nCoV感染患者的血浆血管紧张素II水平显着升高,并且与病毒滴度和肺损伤程度线性相关。我们的研究结果提供了多种潜在的可用于诊断的生物标志物, 并提出了血管紧张素 II受体阻滞剂(angiotensin II receptor blocker,ARB)药物或可作为治疗2019-nCoV感染的潜在药物进行深入研究。
分类: 生物学 >> 生物化学 提交时间: 2020-02-12
摘要: 最近,在中国武汉爆发了肺炎病例,由一种名为2019-CoV的新型冠状病毒引起。我们之前的研究中,根据中国深圳的12例2019-nCoV感染患者的临床特征,所有病例均患有肺炎,一半病例发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)。本文中,我们针对这12例患者的血浆因子表达谱进行了研究。我们测试了2019-nCoV感染患者血浆中的48个因子的表达,其中38个因子与健康个体相比显着升高;2019-nCoV感染的重症患者血浆中的高细胞因子血症水平显著低于A型流感病毒H7N9感染患者,而略高于细菌感染患者。在这38个细胞因子中,有17个与2019-CoV病毒载量相关,其中的15个(M-CSF,IL-10,IFN-α2,IL-17,IL-4,IP-10,IL-7,IL-1受体拮抗剂,G-CSF,IL-12 (p40),IFN-γ,IL-1α,IL-2,HGF和PDGF-BB)与肺损伤Murray评分高度相关,可用来预测2019-nCoV感染患者的疾病严重程度。我们的研究结果表明,这15种高细胞因子可能是衡量2019-nCoV感染患者疾病严重程度的潜在生物标志物,影响这些信号传递介质的因子可能是针对新型2019-nCoV大流行的潜在药物。