Prevention and Management of Adult Obesity: Progress and Trends from Six Keywords in 2025 postprint

Abstract: In 2025, obesity diagnosis and management entered a new stage characterized by disease stratification and long-term care. Focusing on six key topics: obesity classification, clinical guidelines, novel pharmacotherapies, comorbidity management, weight management clinics, and nutrition labeling, this paper summarizes the major advances in obesity research and practice worldwide in 2025. The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology Commission proposed a new framework distinguishing pre-clinical obesity and clinical obesity. American Association of Clinical Endocrinology (AACE), European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), and World Health Organization (WHO) further emphasized that treatment should be determined by obesity-related complications and functional impairment. Tirzepatide, mazdutide, oral GLP-1 receptor agonists, and multi-target agents have propelled anti-obesity medications into an era of high efficacy and diversification. The management of obesity-related comorbidities and diseases, including type 2 diabetes, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, osteoarthritis, and obstructive sleep apnea, has become a clinical priority. China is concurrently advancing the establishment of standardized weight management clinics and the implementation of digital labeling for pre-packaged foods, marking a strategic shift in obesity management from purely clinical treatment toward integrated prevention and care. This paper aims to provide an annual reference for clinical research, specialty development, and practice in the field of obesity for the year 2026.