Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） Subjects: Nuclear Science and Technology >> Engineering Technology of Nuclear Fusion submitted time 2024-04-02
Abstract： Background Tokamak plasma disruption generate runaway current that, if not suppressed, carry enormous amounts of energy that can cause severe damage to equipment. Purpose Investigate of the effect of injecting deuterium-argon/neon mixture gas on the runaway current during disruption. Methods In this paper, numerical simulations are carried out using a fluid model in the DREAM code, which is capable of self-consistently simulating the evolution of plasma parameters with time during the disruption process. Results It is shown that injection of a deuterium-argon/neon mixture gas suppresses the eventual formation of platform runaway current, but the deuterium-argon/neon mixture gas usually has an optimal content and ratio. In the range of pre-disruption plasma current Ip discussed in this paper, the content of neon/argon in the mixture gas should be in the range of 0.50% ~ 0.70% and the injection amount of deuterium should be in the range of 1020 m-3 ~ 1021 m-3. Outside this range, deuterium-argon/neon mixture gas injection has a diminished effect on the suppression of runaway current and even increases them. Conclusions The pre-disruption plasma current Ip is the key factor influencing the runaway current. The larger Ip is the larger the runaway current is formed and more mixture gas needs to be injected. On fusion reactor-scale tokamak devices with Ip up to 10 MA, the amount of injected mixture gas needs to reach 1022 m-3, which is not achievable with the current massive gas injection (MGI) technique and injection of a deuterium-argon/neon mixture through a shattered pellet would be a more viable approach.
Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2024-04-02
X Zhang
Z Li
S. Mohammad Sajadi
Mohammed N. Ajour
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh
Elias M. Salilih
A Karimipour
Binh Nguyen Le
Abstract： In this article, a numerical analysis is done on the temperature of 4 plate-shaped battery cells with phase change material (PCM) chambers around each one in a rectangular shape. The batteries are placed in a channel with air flow. The study is done transiently in a time of ten minutes. The batteries are of lithium ion type and the analysis is provided in two dimensions. The battery cells are arranged in the form of two single battery cells at the beginning, and end of the channel and two battery cells in the middle of the channel. These two middle batteries are placed in parallel. By changing the distance between the two middle batteries from two to three cm, this study is conducted to investigate the temperature of each of the four battery cells and changes in the amount of frozen PCM. Finally, the results showed that the temperature of the two batteries at the beginning and the end, increased continuously during the ten minutes of the study. At a distance of three cm from the middle batteries, the lowest temperature occurred on the first and last batteries, while at the same distance, the highest temperature occurred on the middle ones. At a distance of two cm from the middle batteries, the lowest amount of frozen PCM was observed, while at a distance of three cm from the middle batteries, the highest amount of frozen PCM was found on the first and last batteries.
Subjects: Energy Science >> Technology of Energy Storage submitted time 2024-03-31
Abstract： This work experimentally explores the influence of the sodium chloride pollution on the PEMFC performance in the marine salt spray environment by analyzing the concentration diffusion characteristics of the sodium chloride in the PEMFC membrane electrodes. Firstly, a set of experiments were carried out to determine the distribution of the sodium chloride components in the membrane electrodes, where five different salt spray environments (i.e., 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, 300 mg/L, 400 mg/L, and 500 mg/L of the salt component, respectively) were used/employed to analyze the concentration diffusion characteristics of the sodium chloride. Then, the obtained samples were microscopically characterized and elementally analyzed by the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and the energy spectrometry. Subsequently, a least squares-based model was proposed to predict the diffusion rate of the contaminating ions in the membrane electrodes. Lastly, the pollution of the sodium chloride was evaluated/assessed to reveal the performance degradation of the PEMFCs. The experimental results demonstrated that (1) the sodium chloride fraction existed as crystals or ions in the membrane electrodes in the marine salt spray environment; (2) the sodium chloride poisoning was founded in the proton exchange membrane in the form of sodium ions; (3) and the sodium-to-chloride ratio was proportional to the contamination time and the salt spray in the proton exchange membrane.
Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2024-03-29
Anna Hnydiuk-Stefan
Ke Feng
Patrick Siarry
Grzegorz Królczyk
Z Li
Xinrui Qi
Chunsheng Yang
Mingyang Huang
Zhenjun Ma
Abstract： Considering the huge consumption of traditional energy and the rising demand for electricity, the development of renewable energy is very necessary. In this paper, an energy system integrating biomass energy, solar and two-stage organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is proposed, which uses the stable energy output of biomass energy to compensate for the volatility of solar modules. The proposed system comprises a biomass boiler, photovoltaic thermal panels (PV/T), evaporators, condensers, working medium pumps, turbines, a preheater and an air preheater. In addition, conventional and advanced exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental (3E) analyses are carried out. Conventional 3E analyses reveal two components that require priority improvement. They are respectively evaporator 1 with the largest exergy destruction (708.2kW) and exergy destruction environmental impact rate (775.3 mPt/h) and evaporator 2 with the largest exergy destruction cost rate (19.15$/h). The results of advanced 3E analyses show that the largest avoidable endogenous exergy destruction is condenser 1 (136.6kW), the largest avoidable endogenous exergy destruction cost rate is condenser 2 (3.377$/h), and the largest avoidable endogenous exergy destruction environmental impact rate is condenser 1 (196.1mPt/h). These mean that these components have great potential for improvement in reducing exergy destruction, saving cost and protecting the environment. In addition, the avoidable endogenous exergy destruction/cost/environmental impact rate of evaporator 2 are negative, so evaporator 2 is not suitable as a priority component for improvement, which is contrary to the conclusions of conventional 3E analyses. It is found that conventional 3E analyses can only point out the biggest exergy destruction point, but cannot indicate whether the components with the greatest exergy destruction have the greatest potential for improvement. However, advanced 3E analyses can show the improvement potential of each component by improving its own performance and the external conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct advanced 3E analyses.
Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2024-03-28
Abstract： With rapidly increasing consumption of energy, shipping industry has imposed a huge burden on the marine environment. It is a general trend to increase the use of renewable energy on ships to improve the ship sustainability. This article summarized the current development and application of solar energy, wind energy and fuel cell in ship power systems. Furthermore, in order to investigate the advantages of sustainable design for the ships, for the first time, a hybrid PV, wind and fuel cell energy system was established for an oil tanker, and the economic and environmental analyses of the hybrid system were performed. The analysis results demonstrate that the optimal hybrid energy system can reduce 151,467kg emission of CO2 and provide 2.92% electricity for the ship gird per year.
Subjects: Engineering and technical science >> Technology of Instrument and Meter Subjects: Engineering and technical science >> Metrology Subjects: Energy Science >> Survey of Energy Sources submitted time 2024-01-31
Abstract： This text mainly introduces the development and application of the remote online detection system of smart meters using "instrument cloud" high-precision computing. Firstly, the development process of traditional smart meter remote online detection system technology, as well as the limitations and challenges of these systems are introduced. Then, the origin of this topic is introduced, including the proposal of instrument virtualization technology in the "instrument cloud" environment, the research of instrument virtualization technology in the cloud computing environment, and the needs and challenges of the State Grid. This paper focuses on the development project of the remote online detection system of smart meters using "instrument cloud" high-precision computing, including the principle and application of instrument virtualization technology in the cloud computing environment, as well as the advantages and market prospects of the system. The development of this system will help solve the limitations and challenges of the traditional smart meter remote online detection system, improve the accuracy of measurement and intelligent diagnosis, and reduce the cost of the system, which is conducive to the popularization and application of the system.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Engineering and technical science >> Metrology Subjects: Engineering and technical science >> Technology of Instrument and Meter Subjects: Energy Science >> Survey of Energy Sources submitted time 2024-01-29
Abstract： This paper mainly introduces the remote automatic meter reading system technology of the State Grid in the early 90s of the 20th century, and with the introduction of electronic meters and smart meters, the local and remote communication technology has been rapidly updated, which has promoted the development of remote automatic meter reading system technology. From 2010 to 2018, the State Grid carried out the large-scale construction of the provincial power grid electricity information collection system, and invested a lot of money in the construction of collection equipment and user projects. By the end of 2018, the number of smart meters operated by the State Grid reached 458 million, and the user coverage rate of the electricity information collection system reached 99.87%. In the area of communication technology, the text refers to the development of local and remote communication methods. The local communication mode has undergone the evolution from narrowband powerline carrier communication technology to broadband powerline carrier communication technology, while the long-distance communication mode has successively adopted GPRS and 4G public network wireless communication. This paper also introduces the origin, development and gradual fading out of the market of narrowband CLC technology, as well as the rise and development of broadband CLC technology.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Statistics >> Applied Statistical Mathematics Subjects: Computer Science >> Computer Application Technology Subjects: Mathematics >> Modeling and Simulation Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2024-01-01
Abstract： The surging demand for new energy vehicles is propelled by the call to conserve energy, curtail emissions, and enhance the ecological ambience. By conducting behavioral analysis and mining, particular usage patterns of new en#2;ergy vehicles are pinpointed. Regrettably, these models decrease their environ#2;mental shielding efficiency. For instance, overloading the battery, operating with low battery power, and driving at excessive speeds can all detrimentally affect the battery's performance. To assess the impact of such driving behavior on the urban ecology, an environmental computational modeling method has been pro#2;posed to simulate the interaction between new energy vehicles and the environ#2;ment. To extend the time series data of the vehicle's entire life cycle and the eco#2;logical environment within the model sequence data, I utilized the LSTM deep learning method with Bayesian optimizer optimization parameters for longer simulation. The analysis revealed the detrimental effects of poor driving behavior on the environment
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Energy Science >> Engineering of Energy Sources System submitted time 2023-10-31
Abstract： Heat storage technology can address the issue of mismatch between the supply and demand of carbon-free thermal energy in energy systems in terms of time, space, or intensity. It is one of the key technologies for achieving carbon neutrality in building and urban energy systems. For district heating systems in urban regions of northern Chinese, the storage of various low-grade waste heat collected throughout the year using seasonal heat storage technology can fully meet the winter heating needs of northern cities and take advantage of the existing infrastructure of district heating networks. However, seasonal water heat storage (also known as hot water reservoir storage) has not yet achieved a technological breakthrough and large-scale application. One of the main reasons is that the fundamental principles of flow and heat transfer within ultra-large-scale heat storage water bodies are not clear, and a temperature-grade loss model resulting from the mixing of hot and cold fluids has not been established. This has led to a lack of sufficient theoretical tools for Chinese engineering researchers to carry out the design of ultra-large-scale water heat storage devices and accurately predict and evaluate the performance of water heat storage devices.
We are in urgent needs of conducting fundamental research in fluid dynamics and heat transport for large-scale seasonal heat storage technology and establish a thermal performance evaluation framework for seasonal heat storage technology, including water heat storage. To address the research needs mentioned above, this research report intends to discuss the key theoretical aspects of seasonal heat storage technology in the following five chapters:
Chapter One introduces the overview of seasonal heat storage technology, lists the main technological options and their key characteristics, and emphasizes the common problem of excessive temperature-grade loss in existing seasonal heat storage projects. This chapter points out that irreversibility of heat transport is a key reason for temperature-grade loss during heat storage. It also shows the limitations of existing indicators, such as the exergy efficiency, in evaluating temperature-grade loss characteristics. Furthermore, the chapter specifies the research needs for constructing an irreversibility evaluation framework for heat storage devices.
Chapter Two introduces the irreversibility evaluation framework in this report. First, it proposes a reclassification method for heat storage technology based on heat storage principles: fluid displacement-based and heat conduction-based heat storage. Also, the chapter compares and analyzes the interconversion and differences of entropy, entransy, and maximum work potential as evaluation parameters in describing irreversible internal heat transfer issues, with a focus on the advantages of using entransy and its dissipation in analyzing the irreversibility characteristics of heat storage. Furthermore, considering that heat storage processes are non-equilibrium and heat storage media are continuum, and heat and momentum transport phenomena are coupled, an irreversibility evaluation framework is proposed for describing the heat quantity parameter transfer and dissipation phenomena using partial differential equations.
Chapter Three presents the entransy dissipation analysis framework for seasonal heat storage media in details. First, based on the entransy balance principle in the heat storage media, entransy quantity efficiency is defined, and an evaluation method is designed to differentiate ideal and actual processes' heat quantity dissipation based on the heat transfer principles of water heat storage and ground source heat storage. In the chapter, the analytical solutions are derived for entransy dissipation in two categories of heat storage processes under ideal and actual conditions. In particular, the chapter presents a general expression for entransy dissipation in turbulent stratified flow based on turbulence modelling theory including the eddy viscosity models. The entransy dissipation levels of the two categories of heat storage technologies are compared. And the inherent reasons why fluid displacement heat storage is more suitable for long-term heat storage are provided. The chapter also specifies the engineering design direction of minimizing the intensity of cold and hot fluid mixing and the corresponding entransy dissipation levels.
Chapter Four introduces the flow and heat transfer phenomena of heat storage reservoirs, outlining the basic phenomena and governing equations from the two aspects of basic flow processes and heat transfer processes in heat storage reservoirs characterized by thermal stratification.
Chapter Five analyzes the mechanism of hot and cold fluid mixing in hot water reservoirs. Here, the chapter first analyzes the basic principles of heat and cold fluid mixing corresponding to transport phenomena and, through the discussion of physical phenomena and model de
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2023-08-23 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： “We will speed up the planning and development of a system for new energy sources” is a new formulation and new judgment of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which points out a new development direction for China’s energy industry and has important strategic significance. Standing at a new starting point, how to accurately understand the core essence of the new energy system, what key construction tasks the new energy system contains, what key points standing at a new starting point, following issues, i.e., how to accurately understand the core essence of the new energy system, what key construction tasks the new energy system contains, what key points should seek breakthroughs, and what important relationships need to be revealed and taken into account, are sorted out and analyzed based on the current background situation in China’s energy field, and countermeasures and suggestions are put forward, so as to provide decision-making reference for China to accelerate the planning and construction of a new energy system.
Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2022-10-26 Cooperative journals: 《桂林电子科技大学学报》
Abstract： Aerogels with high porosity and low thermal conductivity can absorb sunlight and convert them into thermal energy
to heat water, thus are widely used in the field of solar vapor generation to achieve efficient desalination and sewage treatment.
In order to improve the evaporation rate of aerogels, PAM-PDA-PEG modified aerogels were prepared by freeze-drying
using polyacrylamide (PAM) with good absorbency as substrate, polydopamine (PDA) as hydrophilic modification material
and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as dispersant. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
(FTIR), ultraviolet/visible/near-infrared spectrophotometer (UV-vis-NIR), water contact angle and Raman spectroscopy
(Raman) were used to characterize the micromorphology, chemical composition, optical properties, hydrophilicity
and water state of the modified aerogels. The photothermal conversion performance of PAM-PDA-PEG were also tested by
simulated evaporation system. The results show that the photothermal conversion performance of pure PAM is weak, but
the modified PAM-PDA-PEG aerogels not only have good absorbance and hydrophilicity, but also contain a large amount of
intermediate water which can effectively reduce the energy required for evaporation. Under the light intensity of 1 kW·m-2,
the evaporation rate of PAM-PDA-PEG reaches 2.40 kg·m-2·h-1, which is five times that of pure PAM. In addition, desalination
and dye removal experiments proved the practical application ability of PAM-PDA-PEG.
Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2022-05-30
Abstract：
Solar stills are considered an effective method to solve the scarcity of drinkable water. However, it is still missing a way to forecast its production. Herein, it is proposed that a convenient forecasting model which just needs to input the conventional weather forecasting data. The model is established by using machine learning methods of random forest and optimized by Bayesian algorithm. The required data to train the model is obtained from daily measurements lasting 9 months. To validate the accuracy model, the determination coefficients of two types of solar stills are calculated as 0.935 and 0.929, respectively, which are much higher than the value of both multiple linear regression (0.767) and the traditional models (0.829 and 0.847). Moreover, by appling the model, it is predicted that the freshwater production of four cities in China. The predicted production is approved to be reliable by a high value of correlation (0.868) between the predicted production and the solar insolation. With the help of the forecasting model, it would greatly promote the global application of solar stills.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Computer Science >> Other Disciplines of Computer Science Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2021-08-11
Abstract：负荷预测是电网系统中很多应用的关键部分，具有重要作用。然而，由于电网负荷的非线性、时变性和不确定性，使得准确预测负荷具有一定的挑战。充分挖掘负荷序列的潜在特征是提升预测准确率的关键。本文认为在特征提取时应该充分利用负荷序列的位置信息、趋势性、周期性和时间信息，同时还应构建更深层次的神经网络框架进行特征挖掘。因此，本文提出了基于特征嵌入和Transformer框架的负荷预测模型，该模型由特征嵌入层，Transformer层和预测层组成。在特征嵌入层，模型首先对历史负荷的位置信息、趋势性、周期性和时间信息进行特征嵌入，然后再与天气信息进行融合，得到特征向量。Transformer层则接受历史序列的特征向量并挖掘序列的非线性时序依赖关系。预测层通过全连接网络实现负荷预测。从实验结果来看，本文模型的预测性能优于对比模型，体现了该模型的可行性和有效性。
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2020-07-31
Abstract： " Geothermal energy plays a key role in helping promote the clean space heating in North China and National energy structure optimization. The sustainable geothermal energy utilization needs the numerical simulation to solve the issues on geothermal resources assessment, strategy optimization and etc., which attracts more and more attention. However, there are no numerical simulation software specializing on geothermal energy exploitation and utilization. As a result, the geothermal managers have to use the numerical software in other fields (Oil, Hydrology and Thermal Engineering etc.). What’s more, the existing software is always hard to operate. Here in this paper, we develop a new software named “Geothermal kits”, which is developed by coupling the geothermal optimal algorithm and open-source numerical simulation software. The ‘Geothemral kits’ software has very friend interface, which could be done by one click. Therefore, it could be easily mastered by the geothermal scientists, managers and engineers with different professional background. The ‘Geothemral kits’ will help solving the problems related to numerical simulation and serve for the sustainable geothermal energy utilization."
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2020-07-05
Abstract： This paper proposes a unitary clean energy construction model based on the complementary multi-energy of wind, light, hydropower and pumped energy storage, combined with the Heishanxia, Qikou and Guxian water conservancy projects planned by the Yellow River water and sediment regulation system, relying on the Yellow River the rich water, wind, light, land, and terrain resources in the Ω Region are controlled by the power supply to achieve stable output, and the idea of building three clean energy bases with complementary wind, light, water, and pump energy storage is proposed to replace fossil energy, realize water saving and emission reduction, and help the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. " "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Energy Science >> Engineering of Energy Sources System Subjects: Dynamic and Electric Engineering >> Electrical Engineering submitted time 2019-07-09
Abstract： The challenges of multi-area power system optimal dispatch exist on how to be in line with certain dispatching mode as well as on the modeling/solution. In this article, a multi-area system day-ahead scheduling, with a provincial systems-reducing method and a generation variances-minimizing objective, is proposed, based on the hierarchical dispatching organization and the long-term bilateral energy contract mode in China. Non-iteratively, the sub-optimal scheduling of ac/dc tie-lines and independent generation units can be derived from solving the model, which also considers some practical constraints like discrete constraints of dc power profiles and power flow limits of local ac interface, etc. Case study is carried out based on the realistic data from the multi-area hybrid ac/dc southern China power system, to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed model. It is demonstrated that with this method, the upper-level dispatching institution can generate an optimized and reliable transmission power plan with limited information, which decreases the peak-valley difference and standard variance of generation series, relieves the burden of peak regulation of its sub-systems, and hence improves the economic efficiency. The approach suits the dispatching mode of power systems in China well, handles various operation scenarios, and thus has been implemented in the system operator.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Energy Science >> Technology of Energy Storage submitted time 2018-11-14
Abstract： "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2017-05-15
Abstract：河盆地有无天然气一直是地学界研究的热点问题之一，而该问题的关键是有无气源岩的存在。为进一步评价因缺乏有效烃源岩而停顿多年的渭河盆地的油气地质前景，结合区域地质背景，通过二维地震反射特征、地热井伴生气及油气化探的CH4、CO2碳同位素数据和钻探成果综合分析，认为渭河盆地深部残留有晚古生代含煤地层：①二维地震反射剖面揭示，渭河盆地深部发育类似鄂尔多斯盆地石炭系—二叠系煤系地层特有的强反射特征（T9），对应于太原组9#、8#和山西组4#、3#主力煤层反射；②地热井伴生气及油气化探样品中δ13CH4在-24.5‰ ~ -40.2‰之间，属于煤型热解—裂解气，大多数样品δ13 Cco2＜-10‰，属有机成因气；③渭参3井揭示盆内存在上古生界二叠系石盒子组，推测下部存在山西组和太原组地层；④渭河盆地在晚古生代为大华北克拉通的一部分，沉积有煤系地层，三叠纪末期开始遭受一定的隆升剥蚀，至新生代渭河断陷盆地开始形成，盆地周缘发生大规模隆升剥蚀，而渭河盆地内这一时期接受了巨厚沉积，前新生代地层（上古生代煤系地层等）得以保存和深埋，即构造演化的差异造成了不同构造单元地层剥蚀和残留程度的差异。综合认为晚古生代煤系地层甚至更晚层位存在于渭河盆地的西安凹陷、固市凹陷和咸渭凸起的部分区域。渭河盆地晚古生代含煤地层可作为油气及氦气载体气的气源岩，为渭河盆地油气及富氦天然气勘探提供了物质基础，同时可为鄂尔多斯周缘断陷盆地群油气资源调查提供借鉴。
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Materials Science >> Materials Science (General) Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2017-03-31 Cooperative journals: 《材料研究学报》
Abstract：对不同闪光留量条件下510CL车轮钢闪光对焊接头组织和性能进行研究。结果表明：焊接热影响区含界面区、粗晶区、重结晶区、部分重结晶区四个部分,其中界面区维氏硬度最高,峰值硬度范围为201~219HV。闪光留量较小时,界面区主要为块状铁素体与粒状贝氏体;闪光留量适中时,界面区出现力学性能优异的针状铁素体组织;闪光留量过大会使接头处产生的热量过大,此时界面区主要为力学性能较差的魏氏体与粒状贝氏体组织,并出现错边现象。闪光对焊错边与魏氏体组织过多是焊接接头断裂的主要原因,为了获得性能良好的闪光对焊接头,闪光留量的合理设计范围为3.5~5.5 mm。
Subjects: Dynamic and Electric Engineering >> Engineering Thermophysics Subjects: Energy Science >> Energy Science （General） submitted time 2017-03-22 Cooperative journals: 《工程热物理学报》
Abstract：本文基于热质耦合的Lattice Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook(CLBGK)模型，通过引入浓度分布函数，利用格子Boltzmann方法对顶盖驱动的复合方腔内的双扩散混合对流现象进行了研究，复合方腔由多孔介质区域和自由空间组成。分析了路易斯数Le=2.0，浮升力比N=1.0，格拉晓夫数Gr=104和普朗特数Pr=0.7时，孔隙率(ε = 0.6/0.7/0.8)、方腔中多孔介质层位置及理查德森数Ri(10-3≤Ri≤103)对内部混合对流及热质扩散的影响。给出了方腔内温度、浓度和流线分布，以及高温高浓度壁面的平均努赛尔数Nuav和平均舍伍德数Shav。研究结果表明：多孔介质层对顶盖驱动方腔内热质双扩散影响显著，且方腔左壁壁面平均努赛尔数Nuav与平均舍伍德数Shav，在位置D1-D3之间随多孔介质层的右移而增大，在位置D3上随Ri(10-3≤Ri≤103)的增大而减小。
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