submitted time 2024-04-03 Cooperative journals: 《农业图书情报学报》
Abstract： [Purpose/Significance] Identifying potential technological opportunities will help countries and enterprises seize scientific and technological opportunities, which is particularly important for innovation entities to enhance their core competitiveness and gain competitive advantages in scientific and technological innovation and application. A systematic review of existing research is provided on technology opportunity identification, discriminating current limitations and research prospects to provide theoretical support for further research and practice on technology opportunity identification. [Method/Process] This paper first clarifies the connotation and types of technology opportunities, and the research holds that technology opportunities can be divided into three types: emerging technology, blank technology and fusion technology. It then sorts out the research status of three different types of technology opportunity identification at home and abroad through literature review, and focuses on the summary of the characteristics of different types of technology opportunity identification. It includes the core ideas, main methods, representative literature, and each type of data sources, and evaluates the existing research results. Finally, the limitations of the current research, and the development direction of future are discussed. [Results/Conclusions] Diversified types of technology opportunity identification are found and rich research methods are used in the literature, and a relatively standardized and systematic research paradigm has come into being. By analyzing each type of technology opportunity, some common elements can be found, including representative methods, method principles, data sources, knowledge representation units, technology opportunity definitions, technology opportunity evaluation, advantages and disadvantages, and other characteristics. The main limitations of the existing research are summarized as follows. First, the existing research is primarily carried out from a single perspective view, and a complete system of cross-domain technology identification and reference methods has not yet been formed. Second, in terms of data sources, most of the data sources of technology opportunity identification are papers or patent data, and there is a lack of research on the integration of multi-source data and study on multiple relationships. In terms of identification methods, the representative technology is primarily at a macro or micro level, and the semantic relationship between words is seldom considered. Finally, in terms of post-evaluation, there is a lack of a comprehensive and systematic evaluation system. The possible research work in the future may focus on the following aspects: cross-field and cross-topic technology opportunity identification to achieve cross convergence among more technology elements will become the development trend; more diversified and targeted data sources, research methods, and research content are expected; the analysis framework and process will be more standardized, and the post-evaluation system will be improved.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2024-03-01
Abstract： Objective This paper aims to improve the accuracy of automatic extraction of key technical words and corresponding function words from patent. Methods ChatGPT was used as the Teacher-model, and ChatGLM3 was used as the Student-model. Through knowledge distillation method, the training data generated by ChatGPT was used to fine-tune ChatGLM3, and multiple technical word extraction models and a function word extraction model were obtained. The technical words are extracted from the abstract, the first claim and the technical function paragraph, respectively, by using multiple technical word extraction models, and the function words are extracted from the technical function paragraph by using the function words extraction model. Results Compared with ChatGPT, the fine-tuned multiple technical word extraction models and function word extraction model show higher accuracy and lower recall rate, when extracting technical words and function words. The ChatGLM3 fine-tuning model of the first claim has the highest accuracy and F1 values of 0.734 and 0.724 respectively. Moreover, The accuracy of the function words extracted by the function word extraction model is 0.649, which is higher than the accuracy of the function words labeled by the commercial tool, which is is 0.53. Limitations The technical field and patent language of this research are single, the amount of patent verification data is small, and the data cleaning rules expect to be further optimized. Conclusions This research scheme improves the efficiency accuracy of automatic extraction of large language model through knowledge distillation operation. At the same time, this study can support the mining of cutting-edge innovative and hot technologies from patent texts, and support higher quality intelligent patent analysis.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper aims to propose a mapping model based on cosine similarity for mapping between patent documents and industrial classification. This model is accurate, efficient and scalable, which provides some references for the further research. [Method/process] After introducing the methods for mapping between patents and industrial classification, we designed a model for mapping between patent documents and industrial classification and completed the mapping between the 2015 annual patents of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Classification of Strategic Emerging Industries. Then we evaluated this model according to the mapping results. [Result/conclusion] This model obtains the mapping results between patent documents and industrial classification automatically by the natural language processing technology and enables mapping between patents and industrial classification bi-directionally. The method saves a lot of labor costs and can easily adjust the fine-grained classification and be applied to most of the mapping between patents and industrial classification. Finally, improvements of the model are described. Some future application areas are also briefly discussed in this paper.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-10-08 Cooperative journals: 《知识管理论坛》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Talent is the main factor in technology research. R&D teamsare the focus of technology development in various fieldsandimportant manifestation of the competence of an institution. [Method/process] Based on Derwent Innovation Index (DII) patent documents, the rules for the disambiguation of patent inventors’ names weredefined, and the key R&D teams were identified by inventors clustering. Then, an empirical study was carried out on patents related to Digital Light Process (DLP) of 3D printing. [Result/conclusion] It is shown that the disambiguation of patent inventors’ names is helpful to accurately analyze the number of inventors’ patents.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-08-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Analyzing the evolution of technological topic makes it possible for us to track the development of technology, which is essential for improving innovation activity and forecasting development trends of technology. However, to our knowledge, scholars pay less attention to the semantic perspective of technological topic. Therefore, this paper intends to analyze the evolution of technological topic from the perspective of semantic.[Method/process] This paper proposed a dynamic topic model based on non-negative matrix factorization, and labeled the technology topics with noun phrases extracted by TextRank algorithm, which enhances the interpretability. Then, the study computed and visualized the evolutionary trajectory of technological topics with word embedding.[Result/conclusion] This paper uses five countries' (China, America, Japan, South Korea, Europe) patent data in 2002, 2005, 2008, 2011 and 2014 to test our model. During the course of the experiment,our method extracted evolutionary trajectories of 65 technical topics, which verified the effectiveness of our method.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Library Science submitted time 2023-07-26 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] To study the influence of time factor on patent cited frequency can reduce the restriction of time factor on technical evaluation activities and improve the accuracy and reliability of evaluation.[Method/process] This paper collected U.S. patent data from 1975 to 2017, and carried out the revision study of patent cited frequency based on fixed effect method. The patents were grouped according to different publication years and different technical fields. Group mean and six TOP quantiles were selected as the benchmarks of patent cited frequency, and the benchmarks of patent cited frequency for both the current time point and the historical time series were counted. Then a neural network model was established to fit the timing variation of the benchmarks, thus predicting the benchmarks of future statistical time points.[Result/conclusion] The time difference between publication years and statistical years of patents makes it impossible to directly compare patent citations. This paper establishes benchmarks for patent citations based on different technical fields, different publication years and different statistical years, providing reference for patent evaluation.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper systematically reviews the theoretical basis and practical cases of domestic library new media mobile service research, sorts out their general characteristics, advantages and problems in research and practice, and proposes practical solutions to relevant problems.[Method/process] Taking "Sci-Think" as an example, this paper summarized its practice of service path, service mode and service ability.[Result/conclusion] "Sci-think" effectively solves the uncertain, unclear and incomplete orientation problems of new media services in China's libraries. Libraries need to speed up the transformation from traditional new media mobile service to new media mobile service with integrating multiple functions.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This paper summarizes the practices of information literacy carried out by National Science Library of Chinese Academy of Sciences for scientific research institutes and provides the best practice cases for scientific information literacy education.[Method/process] Based on the training service network, curriculum system, teaching staff, training platform, training methods, and propaganda way, this paper summarizes the characteristics of the practice and exploration of information literacy in scientific research frontline. Based on the exploration and practice in the epidemic and post epidemic period, and through questionnaire survey and analysis of expert opinions, this paper puts forward new strategies for the development of information literacy education in the front line of scientific research.[Result/conclusion] In the future, it is necessary to form a long-term mechanism for real-time communication for user's needs and promote the further innovation and development of information literacy through effective incentives, open cooperation, and exploration of crowdfunding.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] In order to meet the needs of classifying massive patent automatically in current patent examination and patent information analysis work, this paper studies a series of patent automatic classification methods based on deep learning and compares the classification effects. This will promote the efficiency and effectiveness of patent classification. [Method/process] Aiming at the shortcoming of traditional machine learning methods, 7 deep learning models was designed, including Word2Vec+TextCNN, Word2Vec+GRU, Word2Vec+BiGRU, Word2Vec+ BiGRU+TextCNN and so on. These models based on the deep learning technology, such as Word2Vec, CNN, RNN, Attention mechanism and so on and considered the characteristics of patent text word order, context features and other key features in classification. Selecting the ‘Section’ of main International Patent Classification (IPC) was as the class labels, the study classified the Chinese patents by above 7 deep learning models and 3 traditional machine learning methods. And there was a comparison about the effect of classification in different models. [Result/conclusion] The empirical research indicated that it reached the better effect of Chinese patent classification by using deep learning methods which considered the characteristics of patent text word order, context features and other key features in classification.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Mastering the patent layout situation and judging the current risks are of great significance for strategically carrying out patent layout and avoiding R & D risks, and seizing the competitive advantage of technological innovation and industrial upgrading.[Method/process] Based on ‘technology-effect’ matrix, the comprehensive index expression of the identification of patent layout situation and risk was established. Through comprehensive judgment and multiple case verification, the model of patent layout situation and risk identification model was formed including the identification rule and analysis process. Based on the ‘technology-effect’ matrix, the patent layout situation icon visualization and risk level visualization were combined to directly show the patent layout situation and risk.[Result/conclusion] From the technological meso level, risk judging method of patent layout situation based on ‘technology-effect’ matrix was established, which can clearly detect the patent advantage zone, patent opportunity zone, patent barrier zone and patent blank zone. And the coping strategies were also discussed. The method can be carried out at multiple levels including countries, regions, industries, institutions, project teams, R & D teams, and individuals, which can support the monitoring of patent layout situation and risk throughout the whole technology life cycle.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] This article attempts to study technological evolution from the perspective of patent classification revisions, and provides new ideas for technological evolution research. [Method/process] First, according to the 2009-2018 revisions of the H part of the IPC classification table, four types of revisions were summarized: new classification, deletion classification, intra-class transfer classification, and inter-class transfer classification. Secondly, for the archived documents generated after classification revision, a reclassification method of patent archived documents based on the Word2vec+TextCNN model was proposed, so that the old and new classification tables were connected by reclassifying patents. Finally, combined with the revised classification and reclassification patents of Part H from 2009 to 2018, the preliminary exploration of technological evolution was carried out. [Result/conclusion] The patent reclassification model can effectively solve the problem of archived documents, provides reference for patent reclassification work, and can link the new and old patent classification tables; based on IPC classification revision and reclassification of patents, the main technological evolution direction after classification revision can be analyzed, providing a new perspective for research on technological evolution.
Subjects: Library Science，Information Science >> Information Science submitted time 2023-04-01 Cooperative journals: 《图书情报工作》
Abstract： [Purpose/significance] Technology convergence research based on patent data is the main way and hot direction of technology convergence research. In order to support following research work of technology convergence, this paper reviews the current research of technology convergence based on patent data. [Method/process] According to the research content, the existing research can be divided into six categories:the research on the measurement and prediction method of technology convergence; the measurement and trend prediction of specific field, multi fields and whole field technology convergence; the research on the measurement index of technology convergence; the research on the characteristic factors influencing the technology convergence; the technology opportunity discovery based on the perspective of technology convergence and the research on the relationship between technology convergence and innovation. The research results were also commented. [Result/conclusion] Research on technology convergence based on patent data has achieved certain results, but there are still some problems, such as unreasonable measurement basis, lack of validation of prediction methods and low attention of the whole field research. These problems can be solved by introducing semantic relationship to optimize technology convergence network, using GNN technology to improve technology convergence prediction method and improving technology convergence measurement and prediction in the whole field.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Gene editing technology is a very important bioengineering technology, which is widely used in biomedicine, biological environmental protection, and agricultural production. Based on the analysis of patents and articles related to gene editing, this study reveals the development status and trend of gene editing technology from the following aspects: Patent application and publication of major global institutions, overview of CRISPR technology patents, cooperation among patent inventors in various countries, analysis of technology flow direction, technology composition, and status of main innovation subjects. Countermeasures and suggestions on the original technology innovation, industrialization process, and international collaboration are put forward for researchers and decision makers in the related fields.
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