Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preventive Medicine and Hygienics submitted time 2023-03-29
Abstract: Emerging in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) eventually became a pandemic and posed a tremendous threat to global public health. However, the origins of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, remain to be determined. It has been reported that a certain number of the early case clusters had a contact history with the Huanan Seafood Market. Therefore, surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 within the market is of vital importance. Herein, we presented the SARS-CoV-2 detection results of 1380 samples collected from the environment since 1st Jan and animals since 18th Jan within the market in early 2020. By SARS-CoV-2-specific RT-qPCR, 73 environmental samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and three live viruses were successfully isolated. The viruses from the market shared nucleotide identity of 99.99% to 100% with the human isolate HCoV-19/Wuhan/IVDC-HB-01/2019. The A lineage (8782T and 28144C), as the likely ancestral SARS-CoV-2 lineage, was found in an environmental sample. No virus was detected in the animal swabs covering 18 species of animals in the market. The RNA-seq analysis of SARS-CoV-2 positive/negative environmental samples showed the abundance of different vertebrata genera. In summary, this study provided convincing evidence of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the Huanan Seafood Market during the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Virology Subjects: Medicine, Pharmacy >> Preclinical Medicine submitted time 2021-07-28
Abstract: The origin of SARS-CoV-2 remains elusive. Understanding how, when, and where SARS-CoV-2 was transmitted from its natural reservoir to human beings is crucial for preventing future coronavirus outbreaks. With the lessons learned from the endless battle with pathogens and accumulated research data with regard to the origin and intermediate host, we present multiple potential locations as the natural reservoir of SARS-CoV-2.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Biology >> Biochemistry submitted time 2020-02-12
Abstract: A recent outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan, China was caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Here we reported 12 patients with 2019-nCoV infections in Shenzhen, China; all of them developed pneumonia and half developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We demonstrated the plasma cytokine profiles of these 12 patients. Thirty-eight out of 48 cytokines measured in the plasmas of 2019-nCoV infected patients were significantly elevated compared to healthy individuals. Seventeen cytokines were linked to 2019-nCoV load. Fifteen cytokines, M-CSF, IL-10, IFN-2, IL-17, IL-4, IP-10, IL-7, IL-1ra, G-CSF, IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-1, IL-2, HGF, and PDGF-BB, were strongly associated with lung injury Murray score, and could predict disease severity of 2019-nCoV infections according to area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) calculations. Our results suggest that 2019-nCoV infections trigger extensive changes in a wide array of cytokines, some of these cytokines could be potential biomarkers of disease severity of 2019-nCoV infections. These findings improve our understanding of the immunopathologic mechanisms of this emerging and still evolving disease and suggest that modulators of cytokine responses could play a therapeutic role in combating the disease. " "
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review