分类： 心理学 >> 社会心理学 分类： 心理学 >> 医学心理学 提交时间： 2021-01-14
摘要： Previous research found that people with higher level of psychopathy trait would endorse more to the harmful but beneficial action in traditional moral dilemmas. Three possibilities for this effect were confounded: People with higher psychopathy trait, 1) care more about the beneficial consequences; 2) care less about the “no harm” norms; 3) just prefer action irrespective of consequences and norms. A multinomial processing tree model named “CNI” was developed and claimed to dissociated these three possibilities. Four studies have applied CNI model to study the psychopathy-moral decision relationship. However, the CNI model presupposes the agent sequentially processes consequences-norms-generalized inaction/action preferences, which makes the estimated parameters biased and untenable. More recently, an alternative algorithm named “CAN” was developed based on the same data structure to overcome the limitations of CNI model. We applied CAN algorithm and reanalyzed the raw data of the four studies on psychopathy-moral decision relationship. The results demonstrated that people with higher psychopathy trait have weaker consequences and norms sensitivities, stronger overall action preferences, stronger inaction/action preferences irrespective of norms and consequences, and weaker moral principles obedience. Furthermore, the mediation and moderation reanalysis explorations demonstrated that instrumental harm and moral identity partly mediate the psychopathy-moral decision relationship and that perceived societal standards rather than personal standards when making moral decisions can alleviate the positive effects of psychopathy on overall action preference and action preference irrespective of norms and consequences. Present reanalysis exploration study clarified and deepened our insights on the relationship between psychopathy and moral decisions. Theoretical and methodological implications were also discussed.
分类： 心理学 >> 人格心理学 提交时间： 2021-01-14
摘要： 基于儒学经典命题提出君子人格通过自我控制与真实性的链式中介对心理健康产生正向效应的假设，运用多种方法进行验证（总样本量为1169）。结果表明，君子人格正向预测同时测量的心理健康（研究一）和6个月后测量的自尊、核心自我评价、情感平衡，负向预测心理症状（研究四）；君子人格正向预测自我控制特质（研究一）和自我控制决策（研究三和四），受到情境模拟操纵的自我控制提升心理健康与真实性（研究二），受到回忆启动操纵的真实性提升心理健康（研究三）；链式中介作用也得到了同时和跨时间点测量、统计控制和实验控制等多方法结果的支持。君子人格水平较高的人，更易自我控制，由此感到自己的行为与真实自我更加一致与贯通，因此具有更积极的心理状态。
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