Subjects: Psychology >> Developmental Psychology submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《心理科学进展》
Abstract： In this article, we reviewed the large body of research examining the impacts of social change on human psychology and culture. Our review revealed an increasing trend of individualism and, at the meantime, decreasing collectivism. This trend manifests on various societal and individual-level indicators, including relationship structures, first-person pronouns use, naming practices, value preferences, personality, sexual and religious attitudes, child-rearing goals and child development, cognitive styles and emotional experiences. Our review also demonstrated the complexities of cultural and psychological change, including the non-linearity of the change, endurance of traditional culture and emerging multi-cultural society. At the end, we pointed out some limitations of the existing research and highlighted some possible directions of future research.
Subjects: Psychology >> Social Psychology submitted time 2023-03-27 Cooperative journals: 《心理学报》
Abstract： What is Chinese personality? This question has long attracted the interest of researchers. Joint factor analyses of the Chinese Personality Assessment Inventory (CPAI), which was generated using a combined emic-etic approach, and the NEO-FFI, which measures western-derived Big Five personality factors, produced six factors. These correspond to the five factors from the Big Five Model plus an Interpersonal Relatedness factor (IR). These six factors constitute the “Big Six” personality structure that describes and explains Chinese personality or behavior. IR is a culturally specific personality dimension that is closely related to traditional Chinese culture. The existence of IR has been confirmed by a large number of studies, but its connotations need to be further explored and refined. This paper discussed the subtypes of the Chinese IR personality trait from a quantitative perspective and further explored which subtype of IR was more adaptive. The study adopted a “person-centered approach” to reveal the overall nature of IR in Chinese people. In Study 1, 1911 participants of the CPAI-2 normative sample were analyzed with latent profile analysis (LPA) in terms of six dimensions of IR - Ren Qing (Relationship Orientation), Harmony, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Discipline, Thrift vs. Extravagance, and Traditionalism vs. Modernity - to explore the potential subtypes of IR. In Study 2, 200 white people were investigated to explore the latent profile structure of Interpersonal Relatedness in non-Chinese people. In Study 3, 2580 juniors from a comprehensive university were investigated to verify the potential structure of IR obtained in Study 1. The LPA method with outcome variables (BCH method) was used to investigate the social adaptability of different subtypes of college students in the potential structure of IR in terms of academic performance, knowledge sharing behavior, and mental health. The results of Study 1 showed that the fourfold classification model of IR had the best fitting index. The fourfold classification model was specifically composed of high and low scores of “round outside” (including three potential personality constructs of Ren Qing, Harmony, and Interpersonal Sensitivity) and “square inside” (including three potential personality constructs of Discipline, Thrift vs. Extravagance, and Traditionalism vs. Modernity). The four subtypes were “gentlemen” who were round outside and square inside, pedantic persons who were non-round outside and square inside, two-faced persons who were non-round outside and non-square inside, and hypocrites who were round outside and non-square inside. The fourfold classification model showed that the latent profile structure of the Chinese IR personality trait involved the dialectical unity of “round outside” and “square inside.” The results of Study 2 showed that the latent profile structure of the four categories of “round outside and square inside” did not appear in the Western samples, which reflected the Chinese cultural specificity of the “round outside and square inside” latent profile of Interpersonal Relatedness. The results of Study 3 verified the fourfold classification model of Study 1. The results of BCH in Study 3 found that among the four subgroups, the subgroup of “round outside and square inside” had better academic performance, higher levels of mental health, and more knowledge sharing behaviors, which indicated that this subgroup was the most adaptable in modern society. The results are discussed in relation to traditional Chinese culture, especially regarding the characteristics of the Confucian “gentleman personality”. The research provides a rich historical context and insight into the applicability to the contemporary life of the dialectical and unified “round outside and square inside” behavior mode of contemporary Chinese people.
Subjects: Psychology >> Personality Psychology submitted time 2021-05-11
Abstract： " What is Chinese personality? This question has long attracted the interest of researchers. Joint factor analyses of the Chinese Personality Assessment Inventory (CPAI), which was generated using a combined emic-etic approach, and the NEO-FFI, which measures western-derived Big Five personality factors, produced six factors. These correspond to the five factors from the Big Five Model plus an Interpersonal Relatedness factor (IR). These six factors constitute the “Big Six” personality structure that describes and explains Chinese personality or behavior. IR is a culturally specific personality dimension that is closely related to traditional Chinese culture. The existence of IR has been confirmed by a large number of studies, but its connotations need to be further explored and refined. This paper discussed the subtypes of the Chinese IR personality trait from a quantitative perspective and further explored which subtype of IR was more adaptive. The study adopted a “person-centered approach” to reveal the overall nature of IR in Chinese people. In Study 1, 1911 participants of the CPAI-2 normative sample were analyzed with latent profile analysis (LPA) in terms of six dimensions of IR – Ren Qing (Relationship Orientation), Harmony, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Discipline, Thrift vs. Extravagance, and Traditionalism vs. Modernity – to explore the potential subtypes of IR. In Study 2, 200 white people were investigated to explore the latent profile structure of Interpersonal Relatedness in non-Chinese people. In Study 3, 2580 juniors from a comprehensive university were investigated to verify the potential structure of IR obtained in Study 1. The LPA method with outcome variables (BCH method) was used to investigate the social adaptability of different subtypes of college students in the potential structure of IR in terms of academic performance, knowledge sharing behavior, and mental health. The results of study 1 showed that the fourfold classification model of IR had the best fitting index. The fourfold classification model was specifically composed of high and low scores of “round outside” (including three potential personality constructs of Ren Qing, Harmony, and Interpersonal Sensitivity) and “square inside” (including three potential personality constructs of Discipline, Thrift vs. Extravagance, and Traditionalism vs. Modernity). The four subtypes were “gentlemen” who were round outside and square inside, pedantic persons who were non-round outside and square inside, two-faced persons who were non-round outside and non-square inside, and hypocrites who were round outside and non-square inside. The fourfold classification model showed that the latent profile structure of the Chinese IR personality trait involved the dialectical unity of “round outside” and “square inside.” The results of study 2 showed that the latent profile structure of the four categories of "round outside and square inside" did not appear in the Western samples, which reflected the Chinese cultural specificity of the "round outside and square inside" latent profile of Interpersonal Relatedness. The results of study 3 verified the fourfold classification model of study 1. The results of BCH in study 3 found that among the four subgroups, the subgroup of “round outside and square inside” had better academic performance, higher levels of mental health, and more knowledge sharing behaviors, which indicated that this subgroup was the most adaptable in modern society. The results are discussed in relation to traditional Chinese culture, especially regarding the characteristics of the Confucian “gentleman personality.” The research provides a rich historical context and insight into the applicability to the contemporary life of the dialectical and unified “round outside and square inside” behavior mode of contemporary Chinese people.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Geosciences >> Other Disciplines of Geosciences submitted time 2019-09-11 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：陡削以兰州新区的一段陡峭边坡作为试验地点，通过分析在植被重建初期经人工整地后形成的4种微地形(大圆形坑、小圆形坑、条形坑和原状坡面)的植被盖度特征及环境因子(土壤硬度和水分、地表和空气温度、坡位、无纺布)对植被盖度的影响，探寻能有效提高植被盖度的几种工程改造措施。研究表明：① 铺设了无纺布坡面的植被盖度显著大于对照坡面；陡峭边坡不同坡位的植被盖度：下坡位＞中坡位＞上坡位(P＜0.05)，这与自然坡面植被盖度分布规律一致。② 3种微地形的植被盖度均显著大于陡峭坡面，其中条形坑的土壤水分和植被盖度最大，最大盖度维持的时间最长。③ 微地形和坡面的植被盖度均与土壤水分呈显著正相关，与空气温度、地表温度均呈显著负相关；微地形的土壤硬度(3 kg·cm-2)适宜植物生长，大于该值会对植被生长产生抑制作用；铺设无纺布有利于促进上坡位的植被生长，使坡面植被分布更均匀。研究结果表明，在陡峭边坡坡度、坡位和温度等无法改变的情况下，选择对压实的坡面进行整地翻耕处理，增加长条坑的数量并铺设无纺布等有效的工程改造措施，能显著增加植被盖度，促进植被恢复。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加沙棘果渣（SBP）对育肥羊生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及消化道内容物pH的影响。选取4月龄、体重22 kg左右的杜泊×小尾寒羊杂交公羊40只，采用完全随机分组设计分为4组，各组SBP添加比例分别为0（对照组）、7.8%(8SBP组)、16.0%（16SBP组）、23.5%（24SBP组），每组10只羊，试验期80 d，前10 d为预试期，后70 d为正试期。结果表明：16SBP和24SBP组平均日增重、干物质采食量均显著高于对照组和8SBP组（P0.05）；16SBP组的末重显著高于对照组和8SBP组（P0.05）；皱胃液及十二指肠和空肠内容物pH随着SBP的添加比例的增加而降低，24SBP组显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。综合得出，饲粮中添加SBP可以提高育肥羊的平均日增重、干物质采食量和净肉重等生长性能指标，增加肌肉粗脂肪含量，改善肌肉的嫩度和肠道内环境，SBP可以作为育肥羊的新型饲料资源开发应用，且在本试验条件下，饲粮中SBP的添加比例为16%时效果最好。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2018-12-24 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本文通过研究绵羊瘤胃发酵、消化酶活性及瘤胃上皮组织中挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）吸收相关基因表达量，探讨胡麻饼代替豆粕对绵羊瘤胃代谢的影响。试验选取5月龄、体重为（26.0±1.0） kg的杜泊×小尾寒羊杂交F1代公羔24只，随机分为4组[对照（CK）、Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组]，每组6只羊，分别饲喂胡麻饼代替豆粕的饲粮，胡麻饼添加比例分别为0、6%、12%和18%。试验结束后，屠宰并取样，采集瘤胃液和瘤胃组织，研究瘤胃液发酵参数、消化酶活性及瘤胃上皮组织VFA吸收相关基因的表达。预试期10 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）Ⅰ和Ⅱ组的平均日增重（ADG）与CK组无显著差异（P>0.05），但显著高于Ⅲ组（P0.05），但Ⅱ组乙酸、丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）的浓度显著提高（P0.05）。综上，绵羊饲粮中一定比例的胡麻饼代替豆粕能够改善瘤胃代谢状况，在本试验条件下，饲粮中胡麻饼替代豆粕的适宜添加比例为12%。
Subjects: Biology >> Zoology submitted time 2017-11-08 Cooperative journals: 《动物营养学报》
Abstract：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加沙棘果渣对育肥羔羊生长性能、器官指数、血清生化指标和肌内脂肪酸组分的影响。选取24只3月龄杜泊×小尾寒羊杂交公羔[（25±1） kg]，随机分为4组，每组6只羊。各组分别饲喂含有0（对照）、10%、20%和30%沙棘果渣的试验饲粮。试验期50 d。结果表明：1)10%和20%水平组羔羊的宰前活重显著高于对照组和30%水平组（P<0.05），10%水平组羔羊的平均日增重显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），20%水平组羔羊的平均日采食量显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），10%水平组羔羊的料重比显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）。2）30%水平组羔羊的肝脏、脾脏指数显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），网胃指数显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）。10%、20%和30%水平组羔羊的大肠和小肠指数显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。3）30%水平组羔羊的血清高密度脂蛋白（HDL）含量显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），10%、20%和30%水平组羔羊的动脉粥样硬化指数（AI）显著低于对照组（P<0.05），10%、20%和30%水平组羔羊的血清总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性显著高于对照组（P<0.05），30%水平组羔羊的血清谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性及肌酐（CRE）和尿素氮（UN）含量显著高于其他各组（P<0.05）。4）10%、20%和30%水平组羔羊的背最长肌中亚油酸、反油酸、花生四烯酸、总多不饱和脂肪酸（ΣMUFA）和总不饱和脂肪酸（ΣUFA）比例显著高于对照组（P<0.05），油酸、总饱和脂肪酸（ΣSFA）和总单不饱和脂肪酸（ΣPUFA）比例显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。由此可见，育肥羔羊饲粮中添加沙棘果渣有利于其生长发育和生长性能的提高，适宜添加水平为10%~20%。
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