Subjects: Linguistics and Applied Linguistics >> Linguistics and Applied Linguistics submitted time 2020-11-10
Abstract：本文分析了黔江话单字调及双字调的基频模式。黔江话有阴平、阳平、上声和去声四个单字调，阴平为上升调，按五度标调法记为45；阳平和上声为两个降调，分别为21和31；去声是一个降升曲折调，记为214。此外，黔江话双字组声调有16种组合形式，前字为阴平调时，只在阴平后字前变调，整体音高变低为34，在其他三调后字前不变调；后字为阴平调时，均发生变调，在阴平前字后变为44，阳平前字后变为23，上声前字后变为33，去声前字后变为34。阳平调作前字时，后字为阴平则不变调，后字为阳平、上声和去声都变为22的平调；阳平调作后字，在阳平和上声前字后不变调，在阴平和去声前字后变调为41。前字为上声字，上声前字都变调为33；上声调作后字时，在阴平和去声前字后变调为42，在阳平前字后变调为21，在上声前字后不变调。当前字为去声调时，后字为阴平则不变调，后字为上声和去声变调为213，后字为阴平变为31；当后字为去声时，在阴平和去声前字后变为212，在上声前字后变为312。变调多是由于前后音节的同化机制造成的，同时也有音节清晰和发音省力等其他机制作用。
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Subjects: Psychology >> Management Psychology submitted time 2019-04-09
Abstract： One of the key elements for firms to develop stably is a high level of employees’ identification with their organizations. Employees’ innovative behavior is the cornerstone of firms’ innovation. However, there are inconsistent research findings about the influence of organizational identification on employees’ innovative behavior. The normative conflict model provides a theoretical lens for deep understandings of their relationship. According to this model, organizational identification has a dual impact (i.e. promotive and prohibitive) on innovative behavior through two disparate paths (i.e. dissatisfaction of the status quo and conforming to the status quo); employees’ perceptions of normative conflict is a crucial condition to trigger their dissatisfaction of and conforming to the status quo; leaders’ expectations and support for employees’ innovative behavior play moderating roles in the process whereby organizational identification promotes and prohibits employees’ innovative behavior. " "
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