分类: 护理学 >> 护理学 提交时间: 2023-04-24
摘要: 目的 观察中药泡洗疗法、中药湿敷疗法对乳腺癌术后化疗导致手足综合征、面部皮疹的疗效。方法 使用中药泡洗治疗方法每天浸泡手部2次,时间为30分钟,每日给予中药湿敷面部4次,时间为20分钟。结果 依据美国国家癌症研究所(National Cancer Institute,NCI)常见药物毒性反应分级标准(NCI-CTCAE)4.0版,观察患者手足综合征、面部皮疹症状,经过治疗患者手部及脸部的脱屑、皲裂、色素沉着由原来的二级改善为一级,疼痛评分由3分降为0分,症状较前明显缓解。结论 中药泡洗联合中药湿敷疗法有助于缓解乳腺癌术后化疗导致手足综合征、面部皮疹症状,提高患者舒适感。
分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2023-03-28 合作期刊: 《中国科学院院刊》
摘要: 科技扶贫是推进贫困地区脱贫攻坚的重要手段,有助于推动地区相关产业的优化发展,增强产业在扶贫攻坚中的“造血”功能。贵州省六盘水市水城县是中国科学院定点帮扶县,近年来,以刘嘉麒院士为代表的中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所科技扶贫团队在当地政府的大力支持和帮助下,深入实地调研,发挥院士工作站学科优势,依托六盘水地区丰富的玄武岩资源,积极助力当地政府推动玄武岩纤维产业的发展。形成了“矿石原料—生产工艺—下游产品开发”的完整帮扶链,为当地实现“造血式”产业发展提供了重要的技术支撑。
分类: 心理学 >> 社会心理学 提交时间: 2023-03-28 合作期刊: 《心理科学进展》
摘要: 敬畏是由神秘、浩大且超出当前认知图式事物引发的复杂情绪体验, 具有自我超越性。敬畏的心理学研究近期受到极大的关注, 但敬畏的本质或心理机制是什么等问题还不清楚。针对“敬畏的心理过程是什么”这一科学问题, 我们通过文献综述, 在厘清敬畏的概念演变、相关理论发展和实证研究基础上拟提出敬畏的心理模型, 尝试阐述敬畏的心理过程及其认知神经机制。我们认为敬畏心理涉及预期评估、结果评价和自我超越等认知过程, 并且包含浩大感、顺应需求两大核心特征, 以及内部与外部、积极与消极两大主要维度。未来亟需在敬畏测量工具的研发、敬畏相关理论的验证及不同文化群体间敬畏行为的比较分析等方面进行多学科的基础和应用研究。
分类: 心理学 >> 社会心理学 提交时间: 2023-03-27 合作期刊: 《心理学报》
摘要: 已有关于材料相似性影响短时记忆的研究提示, 不相似材料组块相比于相似材料组块可能促进记忆。为验证该假设, 该研究采用学习-测查范式, 通过4个实验考察了学习材料组块方式对相似词长时记忆的影响及机制。结果发现:1)与相似词组块相比, 不相似词组块促进了相似词记忆; 2)不相似词组块的促进效应是通过增强相似词表共同词根的记忆而实现的; 3)不相似词组块的促进效应可能依赖于语音相似性。该结果说明不相似词组块可能是促进相似词汇记忆的有效途径之一。
分类: 材料科学 >> 材料科学(综合) 提交时间: 2023-03-19 合作期刊: 《金属学报》
摘要: 改进了前期工作建立的多相元胞自动机(multi-phase cellular automaton, MCA)模型, 模拟以离异共晶方式凝固的球墨铸铁的显微组织演化. 在模型中采用局部溶质平衡法计算石墨和奥氏体的生长动力学, 并在石墨的生长模型中考虑石墨与Fe 的密度比. 该模型可以模拟出与实验观测相符合的显微组织形貌. 应用该模型模拟分析了石墨与奥氏体的相互作用和竞争生长机制, 讨论了冷却速率对凝固结束时石墨球大小和尺寸分布的影响, 将模拟结果与实验结果进行了比较. 结果表明: 奥氏体的析出促进邻近石墨在液相中的生长; 奥氏体和石墨两相的生长受C 扩散控制; 当石墨被奥氏体包围后,生长速度减慢. 此外, 随着冷却速率的增大, 凝固时间缩短, 石墨球平均半径减小, 不同冷速条件下石墨球尺寸分布的变化规律与实验结果吻合较好.
分类: 地球科学 >> 地图学 提交时间: 2023-03-13 合作期刊: 《干旱区研究》
摘要: 开展土地利用优化配置,旨在促进区域土地资源科学利用及实现碳减排目标。本文以汾河流域为研究 区,基于2015年、2020年土地利用及阻力因子数据,采用FLUS-MCR模型、碳收支系数法,验证模型精度下,设置 2030年低碳发展优先、经济发展优先、耕地保护优先、生态保护优先及自然发展5种模拟情景,对比未来不同情景下 土地利用类型的布局特征,并提出优化布局方案。结果表明:(1)2020年汾河流域禁止、限制、重点及优化开发区4 类土地利用功能分区面积分别为:2491.76 km2、6445.99 km2、16325 km2、14477 km2;流域净碳排放量为2002.46104 t,禁止开发区为流域碳汇区,碳吸收总量为0.76104 t,其余三区为碳源区,碳排放总量为2003.22104 t。(2)2030年 各情景土地利用碳收支情况由高到低为:低碳发展优先、生态保护优先、耕地保护优先、自然发展、经济发展优先。 (3)2030年,不同情景下除禁止开发区用地结构相对合理,限制开发区仍需适当压缩该区耕地及建设用地比例;重 点及优化开发区应考虑适当开发宜耕草地,促进流域土地利用生产、生活、生态功能协调发展,实现低碳土地利用 目标。
分类: 护理学 >> 护理学 提交时间: 2023-03-06
摘要: 本文观察梅花针联合放血疗法治疗1例大肠癌术后化疗导致下肢周围神经病变的疗效,总结护理经验。使用梅花针叩刺腿部络脉,阴络阳络交替叩刺,每周一、周四叩刺两次,同时给足趾叩刺放血,每周两次,以疏通末梢瘀堵。通过使用多伦多临床评分系统(TCSS)评分显示,患者下肢麻木感、疼痛感减轻,神经传导速度较之前有显著恢复。从中医视角看,梅花针疗法有助于缓解大肠癌术后化疗导致下肢周围神经病变,提高患者舒适感。
分类: 护理学 >> 护理学 提交时间: 2022-08-17
摘要: 摘要 目的 观察中药膏摩联合穴位贴敷对消化道肿瘤术后胃瘫综合征的疗效。方法 每日给与腹部中药膏摩一次,通过顺时针给与腹部按摩1分钟,食指和拇指从上至下给与足阳明胃经循行腹部处刮拭1分钟,点按揉中脘穴、天枢穴各1分钟,最后再次给予顺时针腹部按摩1分钟,此为一个循环,共进行4个循环,时间为20分钟,之后给与中脘穴和神阙穴穴位贴敷一次,每次贴敷时间4小时。结果 该患者恢复胃肠功能,胃瘫综合征消失,可以正常进食。结论 中药膏摩联合穴位贴敷可有效的缓解胃癌术后胃瘫症状,提高患者生活质量。
分类: 护理学 >> 护理学 提交时间: 2022-08-17
摘要: 目的 观察梅花针联合放血疗法对大肠癌术后化疗导致下肢周围神经病变的疗效。方法 使用梅花针叩刺腿部络脉,阴络阳络交替叩刺,每周一、周四叩刺两次,同时给足趾叩刺放血,每周两次,以疏通末梢瘀堵。结果 通过使用多伦多临床评分系统(TCSS)评分显示,患者下肢麻木感、疼痛感减轻,神经传导速度较之前有显著恢复。结论 从中医视角看,梅花针疗法有助于缓解大肠癌术后化疗导致下肢周围神经病变,提高患者舒适感。
分类: 生物学 >> 植物学 >> 应用植物学 提交时间: 2018-12-19 合作期刊: 《广西植物》
摘要: 为研究金花茶组植物花色与细胞内重要环境因子的关系,以花色不同的8个金花茶组物种的9个居群为试材,测定了其花瓣的颜色、总黄酮含量、含水量、细胞pH, 7种金属离子浓度。结果表明,所测金花茶组植物的花色平均值明度L为80.82、色相a‘为一2.88、色相b‘为53.97、彩度C为54.10、色相角h为93.19,故金花茶花色为明度较亮的黄色,其中色相b‘为描述黄色的主要指标,据此可将所测植物分为金黄、黄、浅黄3类。花瓣总黄酮含量为20.17%,花瓣含水量为88.14%,物种间均达到差异显著,且均与花色呈弱相关,对黄色呈现影响较小。花瓣细胞偏弱酸性,pH平均值为6.19,不同物种间差异显著,细胞pH与花色呈显著正相关,即中偏弱酸性细胞环境有利于金花茶花瓣黄色的呈现。金属离子浓度中,K+含量最高(12.61 mg "g-1),依次为Cat+(3.91 mg "g-1), Mgt+(1.28 mg "g-1), A13+(0.98mg·g-1), Na+(0.17 mg·g-1), Fe3+(0.07 mg·g-1) } Cu2+含量最低(0.0038 mg·g-')} 7种金属离子在所测植物间均存在显著差异,其中A13+, Fe3+和Cat+}IJ对金花茶黄色花色的形成具有不同程度的干扰作用,随着这3种金属离子浓度升高,黄度降低,花色变淡,因此较低浓度的A13+, Fe3+, Ca2+可能更有利于金花茶黄色花的呈现。
分类: 生物学 >> 生物工程 提交时间: 2018-05-23 合作期刊: 《中国生物工程杂志》
摘要: 间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs) 具有很强的自我复制能力和多向分化潜能,是近年来热门研究的种子细胞。MSCs的生长微环境可以影响调控干细胞的生长、分化,力学刺激是MSCs分化的影响因素之一。细胞外基质硬度、机械应力(剪切力、静压力、牵张力)、微重力等因素对MSCs的分化作用是当前研究的热点。本文从细胞外基质硬度、机械应力以及机械应力作用于三维支架培养对MSCs分化的影响等方面进行综述。
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:电子结构、电、磁和光学性质 提交时间: 2017-11-27
摘要: Cubic helimagnet FeGe has emerged as a class of skyrmion materials near room temperature that may impact future information technology. Experimentally identifying the detailed properties of skyrmion materials enables their practical application acceleratedly. Here we study the magnetic entropy change (MEC) of single crystalline FeGe in its precursor region and clarify its close relation to the critical exponents of a second-order phase transition in this area. The maximum MEC is found to be 2.86 J/kg.K for 7.0 T magnetic field change smaller than that of common magnetocaloric materials indicating the multiplicity and complexity of the magnetic structure phases in the precursor region. This result also implies that the competition among the multimagnetic phases can partly counteract the magnetic field driven force and establishes a stable balance. Based on the obtained MEC and the critical exponents, the exact Curie temperature of single crystalline FeGe under zero magnetic field is confirmed to be 279.1 K, higher than previously reported 278.2 K. This finding pave the way for reconstruction of FeGe phase diagram in the precursor region.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:电子结构、电、磁和光学性质 提交时间: 2017-11-27
摘要: The magnetic entropy change [ΔSM(T;H)] around the phase transition temperature TC is investigated by the scaling method for Fe0:5Co0:5Si, which exhibits a skyrmion phase below TC. The parameters of ΔSM(T;H) exhibit field dependent behaviors. The ΔSM(T;H) curves under high field can be well scaled into a single universal curve independent of external field and temperature. However, ΔSM(T;H) curves under low field become divergent just below TC, which indicates a characteristic of first-order transition. The scaling investigation of ΔSM(T;H) curves indicates that the phase transition in Fe0:5Co0:5Si is of a weak first-order type in low field region, while it is driven into a second-order one under high field. This weak first-order phase transition in low field region resembles that in typical skyrmion system MnSi which is caused by the critical fluctuation. The result suggests that critical fluctuation plays an important role in the phase transition and formation of skyrmion state.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:电子结构、电、磁和光学性质 提交时间: 2017-11-27
摘要: The magnetism of the single crystal Cr1=3NbS2, which exhibits chiral soliton lattice (CSL) state, is investigated. The magnetization displays strong magnetic anisotropy when the field is applied perpendicularly and parallel to the c-axis in low field region (H < HS, HS is the saturation field). The critical exponents of Cr1=3NbS2 are obtained as β = 0.370(4), γ = 1.380(2), and δ = 4.853(6), which are close to the theoretical prediction of three-dimensional Heisenberg model. Based on the scaling equation and the critical exponents, the H ? T phase diagram in the vicinity of the phase transition is constructed, where two critical points are determined. One is a tricrtical point which locates at the intersection between the CSL, forced ferromagnetic (FFM), and paramagnetic (PM) states. The other one is a critical point situated at the boundaries between CSL, helimagnetic (HM), and PM states.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:电子结构、电、磁和光学性质 提交时间: 2017-11-27
摘要: Critical phenomenon of the noncentrosymmetric Cr11Ge19, which exhibits an itinerant ferromagnetic ground state, is investigated by scaling of the magnetic entropy change [ΔSM(T;H)]. It is found that parameters #14;FWHM (the full width at half maximum), ΔSmax M (the maximum of the magnetic entropy change), and RCP (the relative cooling power) of ΔSM(T) are governed by the power law of critical exponents. With the critical exponents, ΔSM(T;H) curves are scaled into a universal curve independent of temperature and field, which suggests that the magnetic transition is of a second order type. The universal collapse of ΔSM(T;H) indicates that the critical behavior of Cr11Ge19 can be well described by the scaling laws for the critical phenomenon. Moreover, the ΔSM follows the power law of Hn with n(T;H) = dlnjΔSMj=dln(H). The temperature dependence of n values reach minimum at #24; 71.5 K. Based on the magnetic specific change ΔCp(T;H), the actual magnetic transition temperature is strictly determined as TC = 71:3 #6; 0:2 K for the single crystal Cr11Ge19.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:电子结构、电、磁和光学性质 提交时间: 2017-11-27
摘要: In this work, the resistivity and magnetization of Bi2Ir2O7 are investigated under hydrostatic pressure. At ambient pressure, the resistivity of Bi2Ir2O7 exhibits a metallic behavior with the decrease of temperature. When the pressure is applied, a metal-insulator phase transition at low temperature is induced under a pressure of #24; 0.48 GPa. The metal-insulator phase transition temperature (TMI ) increases linearly with pressure as dTMI/dP = 3.4 #6;0.3 K/GPa. The temperature dependence of resistivity [#26;(T)] in the pressure-induced insulating phase exhibits a thermal activation behavior (#26; = #26;0eΔE=kBT ), where the thermal activation energy (ΔE) increases monotonously with the pressure. Meanwhile, the magnetization is enhanced by the pressure, which indicates an enhancement of magnetic ordering. The results suggest that localization occurs due to the magnetic ordering induced by the pressure, which confirms the magneto-electronic coupling in Bi2Ir2O7
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:电子结构、电、磁和光学性质 提交时间: 2017-11-27
摘要: The iso-spinel structural systems CuIr2S4 and MgTi2O4 exhibit phase transitions of the similar nature at #24; 230 K and #24; 260 K respectively, which are explained as an orbitally-induced Peierls phase transition. However, in this work, we uncover that applied pressure has opposite pressure effects on the phase transitions in CuIr2S4 and MgTi2O4. As pressure increases, the phase transition temperature (TMI ) for CuIr2S4 increases while that for MgTi2O4 decreases. In addition, the phase transition intensity becomes weaker for CuIr2S4 but gets stronger for MgTi2O4 under pressure. Our results indicate that the applied pressure suppresses the metallic phase in CuIr2S4, while enhances that in MgTi2O4. Combining the experimental observations with first-principle electronic structure calculations, we suggest that the opposite pressure effects in CuIr2S4 and MgTi2O4 originate from the different orbital ordering configurations (dxy, dyz/dxz) caused by different lattice distortions in these two systems. Our findings directly indicate that the interplay between the orbital and lattice degrees of freedom plays an important role in the orbitally-induced Peierls phase transition.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:电子结构、电、磁和光学性质 提交时间: 2017-11-27
摘要: The cubic B20 compound FeGe, which exhibits a near room temperature skyrmion phase, is one of the most promising candidate of the next generation spintronic devices. In this work, the critical behavior of the cubic FeGe is investigated by means of bulk dc-magnetization. We obtain the critical exponents (β = 0.336±0.004, γ = 1.352±0.003, and δ = 5.267±0.001), where the self-consistency and reliability are verified by the Widom scaling law and scaling equations. The magnetic exchange distance is found to decay as J(r) ~ r-4.9, which is close to the theoretical prediction of 3DHeisenberg model (r-5). The critical behavior of FeGe indicates a short-range magnetic interaction. Meanwhile, the critical exponents also imply an anisotropic magnetic coupling in this system.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:电子结构、电、磁和光学性质 提交时间: 2017-11-27
摘要: Dimensionality is one of the most important parameters in determination of the physical properties. Therefore, tuning of effective dimensionality is of significant importance for modulating the functionality of materials. In this work, we find that the spin-dimensionality can be changed by the Co-doing in Fe1_xCoxSi system. Investigation of the critical behavior shows that critical exponents for x = 0.3 agree with the three-dimensional (3D) Heisenberg model with fd : n = 3 : 3g (d is the spatial-dimensionality, and n is the spin-dimensionality). With the increase of Co-content, the critical exponents for x = 0.5 fulfill the 3D-XY model with fd : n = 3 : 2g, while those for x = 0.6 approach the 3D-Ising model with fd : n = 3 : 1g. These results indicate the lowering of the spin-dimensionality with the increase of Co-content in Fe1_xCoxSi. We suggest that the modulation of the spin-dimensionality in Fe1_xCoxSi should be resulted from the enhancement of the anisotropic magnetic interaction induced by the doping of Co.
分类: 物理学 >> 凝聚态:电子结构、电、磁和光学性质 提交时间: 2017-11-27
摘要: The transport property of chalcogenide spinel CuCr2Se4 with an itinerant ferromagnetic ground state can be modulated by doping of bromine, where the half-metallic state can be realized around x = 0.25 in CuCr2Se4−xBrx system. In this work, the single crystal CuCr2Se4−xBrx (x =0.25) with the cleave surface (111) plane has been investigated by the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The EPR results show that the in-plane magnetization is strong while the out-ofplane one is weak, which indicate that the spins are ferromagnetic ordered within the (111) plane. In addition, the isothermal EPR spectra in the ferromagnetic phase display that the spin coupling strength (λ) and crystal field (ΔCF ) depend on the rotation angle φ as relation λ/ΔCF / cos φ. Moreover, the peak-to-peak linewidth ΔHPP increases linearly with the decrease of temperature, which suggests that the spin-orbit coupling is enhanced linearly with temperature cooling.