利他行为的遗传基础：来自定量遗传学和分子遗传学的证据

Abstract: Altruistic behavior is a behavior that benefits others at a cost to oneself. Recently, researchers have focused on the role of genes in altruistic behavior. Based on quantitative and molecular genetics, the heritability of altruism is summarized, demonstrating the influence of heredity on altruistic behavior; and four categories of altruistic related candidate genes are discussed, including dopamine receptor gene, serotonin transporter gene, oxytocin receptor gene, and vasopressin receptor gene, then an in-depth discussion of the influence of environment on the relationship between genetics and altruism is included. On the one hand, genotype is associated with environment that jointly influence altruistic behavior, known as gene-environment correlation; on the other hand, the effect of genetics on altruistic behavior is influenced by the environment, known as the differential susceptibility model. Future research need to expand on and further explore the effect of neurobiological system on altruistic behavior, which may focus on genome-wide research, meta-analysis, mechanism exploration, and systematic environmental intervention practice.