Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-11-04 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of leaf functional traits of plants in karst rocky desertification areas, and to be able to reveal their adaptation mechanism to rocky desertification environment, this study reveals the effects of soil nutrients on leaf structure and photosynthetic traits in Juglans sigillata from the karstic plateau canyon areas of southern China. The results were as follows: (1) The functional traits of blister J. sigillata leaves decreased with increasing rocky desertification grade, leaf area decreased, specific leaf area increased, leaf dry matter content and leaf tissue density decreased and then increased, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, stomatal conductance and light energy utilization decreased and then increased, and the trends of other traits were not significant. (2) RDA analysis showed that soil nutrients explained 37.4% of the variation in photosynthetic traits and 53.4% of the variation in structural traits, with total phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon having the greatest influence on photosynthetic traits; the most significant effects on structural traits were alkaline dissolved nitrogen and fast-acting phosphorus. (3) Specific leaf area was highly significantly negatively correlated with leaf dry matter content and highly significantly positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate, leaf thickness was highly significantly negatively correlated with leaf tissue density, transpiration rate was highly significantly positively correlated with intercellular CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance, water use efficiency was highly significantly negatively correlated with transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance, respectively; light energy utilization was significantly positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate. The results suggest that blister J. sigillata adapts to the special habitat of karstic desertification through a pioneering growth strategy of enhancing growth functional traits while improving resource acquisition capacity to improve resistance and adaptation to environmental stresses.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2021-05-11 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To explore the variations and internal relations between that the carbon and nitrogen (C and N) and the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) with succession proceeding. Four succession stages about forest communities in karst plateau were selected as the subjects, which were herbage-shrub, shrub, tree-shrub and tree. By measuring C, N and stable isotope ratios in leaf-litter-soil to analyze their interaction effects among different levels. The results were as follows: (1) The δ13C values of leaf-litter-soil in karst forest were -31.31‰--28.23‰, -29.96‰--20.07‰, -26.93‰--21.14‰ respectively, and the corresponding δ15N values were -3.41‰-1.54‰, -2.61‰-0.99‰ and 5.36‰-8.63‰, generally, the soil showed a more enrichment effect; (2) With the succession, the leaf δ13C soil δ15N values increased first and then decreased, while the soil and litter δ13C values decreased, and there were no obvious changing rules about the leaf and litter δ15N values; (3) The leaf-soil δ15N values at the arbor-irrigation stage was the lowest, indicating the stage with low N saturation and relatively deficient N content; (4) The correlations among the leaf-soil C, N and their isotopes were strong, demonstrating that the both cycles were closely relevant with the significant inhibiting or promoting effects. In conclusion, in order to improve the self-regulation ability of the ecosystem to resource utilization and nutrient absorption, the tree species with high water use efficiency, such as Lindera pulcherima, Triadica rotundifolia and Cladrastis platycarpa, should be applied for ecosystem restoration in this area.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2020-01-12 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：阐明顶坛花椒人工林叶片功能性状的海拔分异规律，探讨顶坛花椒对不同海拔生境的适应策略，为顶坛花椒人工林复壮、高产与稳定，及喀斯特石漠化区生态修复提供科学依据。本研究测定了叶片厚度、比叶面积、叶全氮含量等9个功能性状和土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷等8个环境因子，揭示了顶坛花椒人工林叶片功能性状的内在关联及其随海拔的分异规律。结果表明：（1）随海拔升高，顶坛花椒比叶面积、叶全磷、叶全钾含量先升高后降低，叶干物质含量、叶全氮含量先降低后逐渐升高，叶片厚度、叶面积及叶片含水率逐渐增大。（2）顶坛花椒叶片功能性状间具有显著的相关性，叶全氮与叶全磷呈显著负相关，与叶片厚度的关系则相反；叶干物质含量与比叶面积、叶片含水率呈显著的抑制效应。（3）土壤因子对顶坛花椒叶片的影响表现为速效氮>速效钾>有机碳，其他土壤因子的影响较小。研究显示顶坛花椒主要通过增强防御功能性状、协调叶片养分含量的生存策略来提高获取资源和抵御外界环境胁迫的能力，对土壤养分具有强烈的依赖性，其干旱适应属性为干旱避免。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2019-02-25 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：探讨不同耕作方式的土壤矿质元素含量变化特征，旨在促进火龙果生长发育和品质改良。研究区采用套种紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）、施用有机肥、施用化肥与农药、地膜覆盖和无措施 5 种耕作方式，以每种方式土壤的 22 种矿质元素为评价指标，比较不同耕作方式的矿质元素含量差异，阐明土壤矿质元素之间的相关关系。结果表明：与无措施相比，其他耕作方式的 Ca、Si、Mn 等元素含量呈增加趋势，Fe、Mg、Al 等元素含量则降低，Na含量无显著差异；施用有机肥的矿质元素含量最丰富，地膜覆盖次之，套种紫花苜蓿最低；相关性分析表明火龙果地土壤矿质元素间多存在显著相关性，Al、Si、S、Ni 与其他元素的相关性较密切，其次为 Fe、Mg、Na、Mn、Cu、Co，均达到显著或极显著水平；Ca、Fe、Mg、Mn、Cu、Zn 和 B 之间多呈负相关，存在拮抗效应。干热河谷石漠化区在火龙果栽培时，应首选有机肥作为养分添加方式；并及时补充不同耕作方式造成的土壤矿质养分亏缺，尤其是 Fe、Mg、Al、Na、Cu、Zn 等元素。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2018-12-19 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：阐明喀斯特高原峡谷区优势种叶片功能性状，探讨功能性状与根区土壤养分之间的相关性，有助于揭示植物适应特定生境的生存策略。该研究对喀斯特石漠化高原峡谷地区优势种的叶片功能J陛状进行了分析，调查了17种植物的叶片厚度、叶面积、叶片鲜重、叶片干重\叶干物质含量、比叶面积、叶组织密度等7项能反映植物生存策略且易于测量的叶片功能性状，采用逐步回归的方法探究叶片功能性状与土壤4种养分之间的关系。结果表明:(1)该区不同优势种叶片功能性状差异明显，叶片厚度为0.180.78 mm，叶片鲜重为0.076.51 g，叶片干重为0.043.19 g，叶面积为3.07325.64cmzcm，叶干物质含量为318.61573.22 mg"g 1，比叶面积为60.98236.90 cm2"g'，叶组织密度为0.02210.03 6 g"cW 3; (2)与其他地区的对比研究显示，该区植物通过较小的比叶面积与较大的叶干物质含量来减少水分散失、增加养分储存，以适应高温、缺水少土的环境;(3)叶片功能性状之间存在广泛的相关关系，且均达到极显著水平。叶片厚度对鲜重、干重均表现为促进效应，比叶面积与叶干物质含量及叶组织密度之间均存在极显著的抑制效应;(4)叶片功能性状随土壤养分的变化产生规律性变化。土壤全氮、全钾和有机碳对叶片功能性状产生显著影响，尤以土壤有机碳的影响更为显著。进一步分析结果表明，喀斯特高原峡谷地区植被恢复及重建的优势种或建群种为翅荚香槐、清香木、批把等;施用有机肥能够提高花椒、金银花等经济林树种的适应能力。上述研究结果深化了对喀斯特高原峡谷区植被的认识，对退化植被的恢复及重建具有一定的理论与实践意义。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2018-10-26 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract：阐明群落水平上的土壤矿质元素特征，对揭示植物的产量、品质形成机制和养分计量平衡规律具有重要意义，能够科学指导人工林可持续经营。本研究以贵州喀斯特山区典型人工林为研究对象，以金属元素和非金属元素进行类型划分，探讨了土壤矿质元素含量特征及其相关性。结果表明：该区典型人工林土壤矿质元素含量存在较大差异，且同一元素在不同树种之间的变化幅度各异，锌、铬、铁、钛、铝、镁、镍、钴等的变化规律较为一致，钙、锶等的变化趋势较为相似，砷、硒、硅在桉树（Eucalyptus robusta）林、柏木（Cupressus funebris）林和枇杷（Eriobotrya japonica）林中的含量较高，硫、钠、氯等元素含量则相反；不同矿质元素随林分类型的变化规律不完全一致，表明植物根系对养分的提取和富集能力存在差异；矿质元素之间表现出一定程度的相关性，存在此消彼长的关系，不同矿质元素之间的相关关系各异，表现出增强或抑制效应，尤其以铁、钙等元素与其他元素的关系更为密切；矿质元素之间的互作效应及其计量平衡关系是分析元素特征的关键，是未来值得深入研究的科学问题。研究结果有利于掌握养分元素积累特征与调控规律，对于该区域典型人工林土壤养分管理具有较强的理论和实践意义。
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2018-09-07 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Mineral element is an important aspect of soil quality, it plays a significant role in plants growth, physiologyandecological functions, andmineral element deficiency isamajorcausefor thedecrease ofplantfruit quality. The paper illustrates that soil mineral element feature of community level is significant in yield of plant, quality formation mechanism and nutrient measurement balance rule. It can guide sustainable operation of plantations scientifically. With the typical man-made forest in Guizhou karst mountain area as object and classification of metallic element and non-metallic element, the content features of mineral elements and the correlations were discussed. The result indicated that there were large differences in the soil mineral element contents of the typical man-made forest in the area, meanwhile the elements had different ranges in the different tree species. The change rules of Zn, Cr, Fe, Ti, Al, Mg, Ni, Co were relatively consistent, Ca and Sr’s were relatively similar. The content ofAs, Se, Si were high in Eucalyptus robusta forest, Cupressus funebris forest and Eriobotrya japonica forest, while the contents of S, Na, Cl were just the opposite. The change rule of different mineral elements was not in conformity with different forest types, which indicated that the extraction and accumulation ability of plant root system existed differences. There was a degree of relativity among mineral elements, the correlativity of different mineral elements differed and represented enhancement inhibitory effect, and especially Fe and Ca have close relationship with other elements. The interaction effect and measure equilibrium relationship of mineral elements was the key to analyze the features of element compositions and a scientific problem deserved to be further studied. The research results were in favor of mastering nutrient element accumulation features and regulation, which had an important theory and practice significance to soil nutrient management of typical plantation in the area. In the future, we should not only pay attention to the pollution caused by mineral element overabundance, but also evaluate the deficiency effect caused by mineral element shortage.Thus,thevalueofeconomicforest canimprovebyreleasingadequateandbalancesupplyofnutrients. KeyWords:man-madeforest,soil,mineralelement,correlation,Guizhoukarst mountainarea
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2018-07-23 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： As the aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis has affected the rocky desertification control, and in order to discuss the reason of aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis, and realize the stabilization of forest stand and sustainable management, this paper took aging degraded plants with typical symbol of yellow blooms and normally grown plants as the research objects and adopted soil agrochemistry and environmental mineralogy methods to analyze mineral element content in root-zone soil of different plants, evaluate integrated soil quality and to reveal the mineral element mechanism of aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. The results shows that (1) C, P, K, S, Se, Sr, Mo and oxide in root-zone soil of normally grown plants were generally higher than the content in aging degraded plants, while total nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorus, available nitrogen, Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr had no significant difference, and other elements had no obvious change rule. It indicates that mineral elements are one of the causes of the aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. Available contents of elements also had an impact on plant growth, which indicates that we should improve availability of nutrients when managing the Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. From the perspective of plant nutrition demand, all major, medium and micro elements had a dominant effect on soil quality. In the management of soil fertility, we should not only focus on a large number of elements. (2) Root-zone soil quality indexes manifested that the highest plant was No. 3 normally grown plant and the lowest plant was No. 1 aging degraded plant, suggesting that soil quality influences the aging and degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis. But the soil quality is not the only cause of aging degradation of Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis, and more comparative studies of soil microbes and plant hormones should be conducted. (3) When managing the Zanthoxylum planispimum var. dintanensis in forest stand, cultivate good soil structure, make sure the comprehensiveness and proportionality of soil nutrient, and pay attention to deficit effect caused by low mineral elements, and it is necessary to make sure the appropriate nutrient concentration and ratio to increase the absorption capacity of the plant.
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