Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2016-11-04 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract：海岸带及海洋环境中的微塑料污染已经成为全球环境问题。我国已对一些典型河口、海湾、海岛周边海域及潮滩开展了微塑料污染的初步调查，积累了一些基础数据。但目前从基础理论、方法学及评估与控制技术等方面都远未达到环境监管的要求。因此，需要从建立和完善微塑料调查、监测与评估的方法学体系，厘清我国海洋微塑料的排放格局与污染分布规律，建立微塑料及其附着污染物的毒理学评价指标体系与参数库，形成海洋及海岸环境微塑料污染控制与管理技术体系等角度开展全面系统研究，解决现有的技术难点和关键科学问题，为我国海岸及海洋环境微塑料污染的监管与安全保障提供科学支撑。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-19 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Marine microplastic pollution considered as an emerging environmental problem has been highly recognized worldwide. Comparatively, no such attention has been paid on soil microplastic pollution especially in agricultural land. This paper reviews research progress in sources, accumulation, degradation, transport, and potential risks in eco-environment and food chain, and suggests relevant countermeasures in governance and research. It is also pointed out that microplastics may enter into the agricultural soils through various sources and pathways, including agricultural film breaking, organic manure application, water irrigation, sewage sludge utilization, atmospheric deposition, and surface runoff, and then accumulate in surface layer, while animal and possibly edible plants grown in soils, likely posing risks on ecosystem and food chain. However, the accumulation, forms, movement, degradation of microplastics in soil-animal-plant systems and their risks on eco-environment, food chain, and human health have been poorly understood. It is also lack of study and awareness in good measures for prevention, control, and remediation of microplastic pollution in soil. Therefore, the study also put forward to attach importance of research in microplastic pollution and treatment in soil for prevention of ecological and food chain risks. It is suggested that China should speed up the establishment of analytical methodology for soil microplastic study and accelerate deployment strategy for systematic research in soil microplastic pollution and treatment, aiming at understanding accumulation, release, transformation, and their eco-environmental effects of microplastics and corresponding additives and metabolites in soil, evaluating potential impacts of microplastics and its attached pollutants on risks to soil biotas, ecosystem, and food chain, and constructing technology systems for source control and remediation of microplastic pollution in soil. Thus, both scientific basis and technological support can be well provided for governance and treatment of microplastics in soil and terrestrial ecosystems in China.
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