Abstract:
The rise of artificial intelligence for science (AI4S) has made it particularly important and urgent to ensure the openness,
fairness, impartiality, diversity, and sustainability of scientific systems. This is significant to the discourse power and leadership of
countries in global innovation and industrial revolution, and also affects the security, stability, and sustainable development of a
community with a shared future for mankind. To address these challenges, AI4S needs to adopt new scientific organizational and
operational methods. Decentralized science (DeSci) has emerged to vitalize AI4S and provide strong support, effectively addressing
issues such as information silos, biases, unfair distribution, and monopolies in existing research systems, and promoting
multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary cooperation in science. This study defines the basic concepts, characteristics,
and framework of DeSci, analyzes its current research and application status, and explores the implications and significance of DeSci
for the further development of the scientific systems.
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