Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-05-18 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The open sharing of large-scale scientific facilities plays a pivotal role in the ecosystem of open science. This is of great significance for promoting the development of science and technology, enhancing innovation cooperation, and boosting the overall competitive strength of nations. Starting from two dimensions of resource scarcity and sustainability, this study systematically sorts out four open sharing modes of large-scale scientific facilities: the public and inclusive sharing mode, the market response sharing mode, the intensive guarantee sharing mode, and the Strategic Cooperation Sharing Mode. Through the comparison analysis of four foreign large-scale scientific facilities, the study further elaborates the basic characteristics and applicable conditions of different open sharing modes. Finally, based on the in-depth analysis of the above modes, the implications for promoting the open sharing of large-scale scientific facilities in China are discussed.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-05-08 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Enterprises are the principal players of scientific research and technology innovation. Increasing the participation of enterprises in basic research is of great significance for China to realize high-level self-reliance and strength in science and technology and to improve the efficiency of national innovation system. However, there is still an obvious gap between the basic research capabilities of Chinese enterprises and those of the United States, Japan, or other developed countries. In this study, we firstly reviewed the characteristics and problems of Chinese enterprises’ basic research, finding that expenditure on basic research in enterprises accounts for a relatively low proportion of that in the whole society. At the same time, even though the output of basic research produced by enterprises has increased, its contribution to knowledge creation still needs to be improved. Then, using an “incentive-ability” analysis framework, we revealed the constraints hindering Chinese enterprises to conduct basic research. It shows that incentive for firms to invest in basic research is insufficient. From the perspective of ability, the problem of talent restriction is prominent, industry-university-research cooperation in basic research is limited, and it is difficult for enterprises to use scientific research infrastructure. In the last part of this paper, we present the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions put forward in this study to improve the policy system to support the basic research in enterprises. These measures include: develop differentiated basic research guidance strategies for different industries; support enterprises in setting up laboratories and cultivating talents together with universities and institutions; improve the selection, organization, evaluation and decision-making mechanisms for major scientific and technological projects undertaken by enterprises; expand sharing of science and technology infrastructure and achievements; reform the government outsourcing system to encourage original investment by enterprises; and improve the intellectual property protection system.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Using the competitive advantages of major scientific plans and strategic innovation platforms to attract, recruit and motivate a large number of high-level scientific and technological talents is the basic experience of the world talent center and innovation highland construction. The research takes the national scientific research institutions of the United States, Germany, France, and Japan as examples, and focuses on analyzing their role in the accumulation, circulation, and motivation of global talents. The research suggests that China’s national scientific research institutions should increase the ability to attract and gather international talents, optimize the talent structure that balances stability and mobility, and improve the salary structure of science and technology innovation (STI) talents.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： It is important to clarify the role of Hong Kong (HK) and maximize its influence in the development of the international center of science and innovation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), because of the historical outstanding contribution of HK in China’s reform and opening-up, and its unique advantages in science and innovation. There are four aspects of advantages of HK in the science and innovation field. (1) Its well-developed education system and a culture of freedom as essential foundations to foster creative talents; (2) many areas of basic research in HK are at the cutting edge of international competitiveness, whilst frequent interactions among cities in GBA foster industrialization and commercialization of the scientific achievements; (3) its world-renowned modern services, including law, finance, accounting, management, and others, provide critical support to innovations in corporations; (4) the global vision and robust international image of HK can help research centers and enterprises in Chinese Mainland in many ways. However, HK also experiences weaknesses in industrial development, and suffers from high start-up costs. It is important to cultivate strengths of HK to meet the specific requirements of innovation in GBA policy whilst ease the existing problems. Furthermore, a better use of the ‘One Country, Two Systems’ policy is critical to give full play to HK’s advantages, strengthen the interaction between HK and cities in Chinese Mainland, and promote the flow of key innovation elements. The significance will exceed the development of international center of science and innovation in GBA, but also benefit the broader innovation-oriented development and the ongoing reforms in science and technology in China.
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