分类： 心理学 >> 心理学其他学科 分类： 心理学 >> 临床与咨询心理学 提交时间： 2023-09-19
摘要： 自20世纪70年代末伊始，精神分析领域的许多流派都发生了一种主体间转向。其中，布伯的对话哲学对理解精神分析的主体间互动具有重要启示，但这种探索有待深入。在结合众多现象学家的论述之后，可以将布伯区分的我-它关系和我-你关系视为两种最基本的人际关系模式。在精神分析中，我你关系主要表现为：（1）互动双方能充分投入到当下的对话之中，进行全身心地回应，在非言语交流和语言交流层面完成匹配；（2）当产生冲突之时，双方能够就意见不一致的地方进行协商，甚至在关系破裂之后努力修复。这种主体间互动模式在安全型依恋和一些良好的咨访关系中可以看到。我它关系更多意味着单向地操纵他人，以此满足自身的各种需求（如安全需要和自恋需要）。在极端的我它关系模式中，他人只是我的一种延伸，在我的需要和预期之外的各种情感、观念和行为，往往被漠视。这种主体间互动模式在自恋者、精神变态者、癔症来访者、躁狂者和强迫者等适应不良的个体那里很常见，也广泛存在于在日常生活中。我它关系的操纵过程可以通过语言、情绪和身体行动等途径来完成。此外，海德格尔描述的从上手状态转变为现成在手状态的三个阶段（触目、腻味和窘迫）可以用于理解人际操纵从成功到失败的变化，为来访者更替不良的互动模式提供转机。未来的精神分析研究可以在此基础上深入探索。
分类： 心理学 >> 心理学其他学科 分类： 心理学 >> 临床与咨询心理学 提交时间： 2023-05-05
摘要： The body, unconsciousness, and consciousness can be considered three stages of evolutionary mind from a phylogenetic perspective, which can be further framed as three hierarchies of mind based on dynamic systems theory. These three hierarchies interact via intrapersonal information flow, working in tandem to manage an individual well. Within a dyadic system, two minds with multiple hierarchies can interact through several basic communication forms (i.e., body-to-body, body-to-unconsciousness, body-to-consciousness, unconsciousness-to-unconsciousness, unconsciousness-to-consciousness, and consciousness-to-consciousness) based on interpersonal information flow. In actual exchanges, these forms are blended and become richer due to intrapersonal information flow. In psychoanalytic therapy, analysts should focus on intrapersonal information flow to enhance patients self-regulation while emphasizing therapistpatient interaction to execute mutual regulation. Overall, the therapistpatient and motherinfant interaction constitutes a complex communication process.
分类： 地球科学 >> 空间物理学 提交时间： 2017-03-10
摘要： In this paper, sliding mode controller with integral sliding surface is proposed to reject the system disturbances for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) speed regulation system. To reduce the chattering phenomenon, the signum function is replaced by the saturation function and fuzzy module is introduced in sliding mode controller. Simulation results show that the proposed control method can obtain satisfactory tracking performance and dynamic performance with smaller chattering.
分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2024-01-10
摘要： We present a theoretical study of the medium modifications on the $p_T$ balance ($x_J$) of dijets in Xe+Xe collisions at $sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.44 TeV. The initial production of dijets is carried out by the POWHEG+PYTHIA8 prescription, which matches the next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD matrix elements with the parton shower (PS) effect. The in-medium evolution in nucleus-nucleus collisions is described by the SHELL model with a transport approach. The theoretical results of the dijet $x_J$ in Xe+Xe collisions exhibit more imbalanced distributions than that in p+p, consistent with the recently reported ATLAS data. By utilizing the Interleaved Flavor Neutralisation, an infrared-and-collinear-safe jet flavor algorithm, to identify the flavor of the reconstructed jets, we classify dijets processes into three categories: gluon-gluon (gg), quark-gluon (qg) and quark-quark (qq), and investigate the respective medium modification patterns and fraction changes of the gg, qg, and qq components of the dijet sample in Xe+Xe collisions. It is shown that the qg component plays a key role in the increased imbalance of the dijet $x_J$ , and especially the $q_1g_2$ (quark-jet-leading) dijets experience more significant asymmetric energy loss than the $g_1q_2$ (gluon-jet-leading) dijets as traversing the QGP. By comparing the $∆x_J$ of inclusive, ccbar and bbbar dijets in Xe+Xe collisions, we observe $∆x_J_{incl.} > ∆x_J_{ccbar} > ∆x_J_{bbbar}$. Moreover, $_{Xe,Pb}$, the ratios of nuclear modification factors of dijets in Xe+Xe to that in Pb+Pb, are calcualted, which indicates that the yield suppression of dijets in Pb+Pb is more pronounced than that in Xe+Xe due to the larger radius of the lead nucleus.
分类： 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间： 2024-04-28
摘要： The high-intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility (HIAF) is a scientific research facility complex composed ofmultiple cascade accelerators of different types, which pose a scheduling problem for devices distributed overa certain range of 2 km, involving over a hundred devices. The White Rabbit (WR), a technology-enhancingGigabit Ethernet, has shown the capability of scheduling distributed timing devices but still faces the challengeof obtaining real-time synchronization calibration parameters with high precision. This study presents a calibra#2;tion system based on a time-to-digital converter implemented on an ARM-based System-on-Chip (SoC). Thesystem consists of four multi-sample delay lines, a bubble-proof encoder, an edge controller for managing datafrom different channels, and a highly effective calibration module that benefits from the SoC architecture. Theperformance was evaluated with an average RMS precision of 5.51 ps by measuring the time intervals from 0to 24000 ps with 120000 data for every test. The design presented in this study refines the calibration precisionof the HIAF timing system. This eliminates the errors caused by manual calibration without efficiency loss andprovides data support for fault diagnosis. It can also be easily tailored or ported to other devices for specificapplications and provides more space for developing timing systems for particle accelerators, such as whiterabbits on HIAF.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2024-05-10 合作期刊: 《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》
摘要： Deriving atmospheric parameters of a large sample of stars is of vital importance to understand the formation and evolution of the Milky Way. Photometric surveys, especially those with near-ultraviolet filters, can offer accurate measurements of stellar parameters, with the precision comparable to that from low/medium resolution spectroscopy. In this study, we explore the capability of measuring stellar atmospheric parameters from Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) broad-band photometry (particularly in the near-ultraviolet bands), based on synthetic colors derived from model spectra. We find that colors from the optical and near-ultraviolet filter systems adopted by CSST show significant sensitivities to the stellar atmospheric parameters, especially the metallicity. According to our mock data tests, the precision of the photometric metallicity is quite high, with typical values of 0.17 and 0.20 dex for dwarf and giant stars, respectively. The precision of the effective temperature estimated from broad-band colors are within 50 K.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： We have proposed and demonstrated a scalable and efficient scheme for programmable unitary operations in orbital angular momentum (OAM) domain. Based on matrix decomposition into diagonal and Fourier factors, arbitrary matrix operators can be implemented only by diagonal matrices alternately acting on orbital angular momentum domain and azimuthal angle domain, which are linked by Fourier transform. With numerical simulations, unitary matrices with dimensionality of 3*3 are designed and discussed for OAM domain. Meanwhile, the parallelism of our proposed scheme is also presented with two 3*3 matrices. Furthermore, as an alternative to verify our proposal, proof of principle experiments have been performed on path domain with the same matrix decomposition method, in which an average fidelity of 0.97 is evaluated through 80 experimental results with dimensionality of 3*3.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Spectral imaging extends the concept of traditional color cameras to capture images across multiple spectral channels and has broad application prospects. Conventional spectral cameras based on scanning methods suffer from low acquisition speed and large volume. On-chip computational spectral imaging based on metasurface filters provides a promising scheme for portable applications, but endures long computation time for point-by-point iterative spectral reconstruction and mosaic effect in the reconstructed spectral images. In this study, we demonstrated on-chip rapid spectral imaging eliminating the mosaic effect in the spectral image by deep-learning-based spectral data cube reconstruction. We experimentally achieved four orders of magnitude speed improvement than iterative spectral reconstruction and high fidelity of spectral reconstruction over 99% for a standard color board. In particular, we demonstrated video-rate spectral imaging for moving objects and outdoor driving scenes with good performance for recognizing metamerism, where the concolorous sky and white cars can be distinguished via their spectra, showing great potential for autonomous driving and other practical applications in the field of intelligent perception.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： In quantum optics, orbital angular momentum (OAM) is very promising to achieve high-dimensional quantum states due to the nature of infinite and discrete eigenvalue, which is quantized by the topological charge of l. Here, a heralded single-photon source with switchable OAM modes is proposed and demonstrated on silicon chip. At room-temperature, the heralded single photons with 11 OAM modes (l=2~6, -6~-1) have been successfully generated and switched through thermo-optical effect. We believe that such an integrated quantum source with multiple OAM modes and operating at room-temperature would provide a practical platform for high-dimensional quantum information processing. Moreover, our proposed architecture can also be extended to other material systems to further improve the performance of OAM quantum source.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： On-chip spectral imaging based on engineered spectral modulation and computational spectral reconstruction provides a promising scheme for portable spectral cameras. However, the angle dependence of modulation units results in the angle sensitivity of spectral imaging, which limits its practical applications. Here, we proposed a design for angle-robust spectral recovery based on a group of topology-optimized plasmonic metasurface units under a 30{\deg} field-of-view, and demonstrate angle-insensitive on-chip spectral imaging in the wavelength range of 450 to 750 nm for average polarization. Furthermore, we experimentally verified the angle-insensitive spectral filtering effects of the fabricated metasurface units, and demonstrated angle-robust spectral reconstruction with a fidelity of 98%. Our approach expands the application scale of spectral imaging, and provides a guidance for designing other angle-robust devices.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Hadamard single-pixel imaging (HSI) is an appealing imaging technique due to its features of low hardware complexity and industrial cost. To improve imaging efficiency, many studies have focused on sorting Hadamard patterns to obtain reliable reconstructed images with very few samples. In this study, we present an efficient HSI imaging method that employs an exponential probability function to sample Hadamard spectra along a direction with better energy concentration for obtaining Hadamard patterns. We also propose an XY order to further optimize the pattern-selection method with extremely fast Hadamard order generation while retaining the original performance. We used the compressed sensing algorithm for image reconstruction. The simulation and experimental results show that these pattern-selection method reliably reconstructs objects and preserves the edge and details of images.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Exceptional points (EPs) represent a distinct type of spectral singularity in non-Hermitian systems, and intriguing physics concepts have been studied with optical EPs recently. As a system beyond photonics, the mechanical oscillators coupling with many physical systems are expected to be further exploited EPs for mechanical sensing, topology energy transfer, nonreciprocal dynamics etc. In this study, we demonstrated on-chip mechanical EPs with a silicon optomechanical zipper cavity, wherein two near-degenerate mechanical breathing modes are coupled via a single co-localized optical mode. By tailoring the dissipative and coherent couplings between two mechanical oscillators, the spectral splitting with 1/2 order response, a distinctive feature of EP, was observed successfully. Our work provides an integrated platform for investigating the physics related to mechanical EPs on silicon chips and suggests their possible applications for ultrasensitive measurements.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： A beam splitter (BS) is one of the most critical building blocks in optical systems. Despite various attempts to miniaturize the conventional cube BS reported, it remains a challenge to realize an ultrathin BS with multi-port output, nonuniform splitting ratio and steerable outgoing directions. Herein, we have demonstrated a free-space optical multi-port beam splitter (MPBS) based on a polarization-independent all-dielectric metasurface. By utilizing an optimized phase-pattern paradigm via a gradient-descent-based iterative algorithm on amorphous silicon (a-Si) metasurfaces, we have prepared various MPBS samples with arbitrarily predetermined output port number (2~7), power ratio and spatial distribution of output beams. The experimental results reveal that the MPBSs could achieve high total splitting efficiency (TSE, above 74%) and beam-splitting ratio fidelity (SRF, above 0.992) within the bandwidth of 100nm (1500nm~1600nm). We envision that such MPBS could provide a fabulous flexibility for optical integrated systems design and diverse applications.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： An optical neural network is proposed and demonstrated with programmable matrix transformation and nonlinear activation function of photodetection (square-law detection). Based on discrete phase-coherent spatial modes, the dimensionality of programmable optical matrix operations is 30~37, which is implemented by spatial light modulators. With this architecture, all-optical classification tasks of handwritten digits, objects and depth images are performed on the same platform with high accuracy. Due to the parallel nature of matrix multiplication, the processing speed of our proposed architecture is potentially as high as7.4T~74T FLOPs per second (with 10~100GHz detector)
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： An optical field will undergo coherent diffusion when it is mapped into thermal-motioned atoms, e.g., in a slow or storage light process. As was demonstrated before, such diffusion effect is equivalent to a spatial low-pass filter attenuating the high spatial frequency (SF) components of the optical field. Here, employing electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) based light storage in hot atomic vapor, we demonstrate that the angular deviation between the control and probe beams could be utilized as a degree of freedom to modulate the SF of the probe beam. The principle is to change the diffusion-induced low-pass filter into a band-pass filter, whose SF response can be tuned by varying the direction and magnitude of the angular deviation. Transverse multimode light fields, such as optical images and Laguerre-Gaussian modes are utilized to study such SF modulation. Our findings could be broadly applied to the fields of quantum information processing, all-optical image manipulation and imaging through diffusive media.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： We experimentally demonstrate the generation of customized perfect Laguerre-Gaussian (PLG) beams whose intensity maxima localized around any desired curves. The principle is to act appropriate algebraic functions on the angular spectra of PLG beams. We characterize the propagation properties of these beams and compare them with non-diffraction caustic beams possessing the same intensity profiles. The results manifest that the customized-PLG beams can maintain their profiles during propagation and suffer less energy loss than the non-diffraction caustic beams, and hence are able to propagate a longer distance. This new structure beam would have potential applications in areas such as optical communication, soliton routing and steering, optical tweezing and trapping, atom optics, etc.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： In this paper, we investigate the possibility of testing the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter (DM) models by applying the simplest phenomenological model which introduces an interaction term between dark energy (DE) and WIMP DM, i.e., $Q = 3\gamma_{DM} H\rho_{DM}$. In general, the coupling strength $\gamma_{DE}$ is close to $0$ as the interaction between DE and WIMP DM is very weak, thus the effect of $\gamma_ {DE}$ on the evolution of $Y$ associated with DM energy density can be safely neglected. Meanwhile, our numerical calculation also indicates that $x_f\approx20$ is associated with DM freeze-out temperature, which is the same as the vanishing interaction scenario. As for DM relic density, it will be magnified by $\frac{2-3\gamma_{DM}}{2}[{2\pi g_* m_{DM}^3}/{(45 s_0 x_f^3})]^{\gamma_{DM}}$ times, which provides a new way to test WIMP DM models. As an example, we analyze the case in which WIMP DM is a scalar DM. (SGL+SNe+Hz) and (CMB+BAO+SNe) cosmological observations will give $\gamma_{DM}=0.134^{+0.17}_{-0.069}$ and $\gamma_{DM}=-0.0008\pm0.0016$, respectively. After further considering the constraints from DM direct detection experiment, DM indirect detection experiment, and DM relic density, we find that the allowed parameter space of the scalar DM model will be completely excluded for the former cosmological observations, while it will increase for the latter ones. Those two cosmological observations lead to an almost paradoxical conclusion. Therefore, one could expect more stringent constraints on the WMIP DM models, with the accumulation of more accurate cosmological observations in the near future.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： As hosts of living high-mass stars, Wolf-Rayet (WR) regions or WR galaxies are ideal objects for constraining the high-mass end of the stellar initial mass function (IMF). We construct a large sample of 910 WR galaxies/regions that cover a wide range of stellar metallicity (from Z~0.001 up to Z~0.03), by combining three catalogs of WR galaxies/regions previously selected from the SDSS and SDSS-IV/MaNGA surveys. We measure the equivalent widths of the WR blue bump at ~4650 A for each spectrum. They are compared with predictions from stellar evolutionary models Starburst99 and BPASS, with different IMF assumptions (high-mass slope {\alpha} of the IMF ranging from 1.0 up to 3.3). Both singular evolution and binary evolution are considered. We also use a Bayesian inference code to perform full spectral fitting to WR spectra with stellar population spectra from BPASS as fitting templates. We then make model selection among different {\alpha} assumptions based on Bayesian evidence. These analyses have consistently led to a positive correlation of IMF high-mass slope {\alpha} with stellar metallicity Z, i.e. with steeper IMF (more bottom-heavy) at higher metallicities. Specifically, an IMF with {\alpha}=1.00 is preferred at the lowest metallicity (Z~0.001), and a Salpeter or even steeper IMF is preferred at the highest metallicity (Z~0.03). These conclusions hold even when binary population models are adopted.
分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： We present a sample of 135,873 RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) with precise photometric-metallicity and distance estimates from our newly calibrated $P-\phi_{31}-R_{21}-$[Fe/H]/$P-R_{21}-$[Fe/H] and $G$ band absolute magnitude-metallicity relations. The $P-\phi_{31}-R_{21}-$[Fe/H] and $P-R_{21}-$[Fe/H] relations for type RRab and type RRc stars are obtained from nearly 2700 Gaia-identified RRLs with precise $\phi_{31}$ and $R_{21}$ measurements from the light curves and metallicity estimates from spectroscopy. Using 236 nearby RRLs with accurate distances estimated from parallax measurements with Gaia EDR3, new $G$ band absolute magnitude-metallicity relations and near-infrared period-absolute magnitude-metallicity relations are constructed. External checks, using other high-resolution spectroscopic sample of field RRLs and RRL members of globular clusters (GCs), show that the typical uncertainties in our photometric-metallicity estimates are about 0.24 and 0.16 dex for type RRab/c stars, respectively, without significant systematic bias with respect to high-resolution spectroscopic metallicity measurements. The accuracies of these metallicity estimates are much improved, especially for RRab stars, when compared to those provided by the Gaia DR3 release. Validations of our distance estimates, again by using members of GCs, show that the typical distance errors are only 3-4%. The distance modulus $\mu_0=18.503\pm0.001(stat)\pm0.040(syst)$ mag for the LMC and $\mu_0=19.030\pm0.003(stat)\pm0.043(syst)$ mag for the SMC are estimated from our RRab sample, respectively, and are in excellent agreement with previous measurements. The mean metallicities of the LMC and SMC derived in this work are also consistent with the previous determinations. Using our sample, a steep metallicity gradient of $-0.024\pm0.001$ dex/kpc is found for the LMC, while a negligible metallicity gradient is obtained for the SMC.
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