分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 分类: 数学 >> 计算科学理论 分类: 物理学 >> 交叉学科物理及相关领域的科学与技术 提交时间: 2025-06-11
摘要: We present a new method for structural sequence analysis grounded in Algorithmic Information Theory (AIT). At its core is the Ladderpath approach, which extracts nested and hierarchical relationships among repeated substructures in linguistic sequences---an instantiation of AIT’s principle of describing data through minimal generative programs. These structures are then used to define three distance measures: a normalized compression distance (NCD), and two alternative distances derived directly from the Ladderpath representation. Integrated with a k-nearest neighbor classifier, these distances achieve strong and consistent performance across in-distribution, out-of-distribution (OOD), and few-shot text classification tasks. In particular, all three methods outperform both gzip-based NCD and BERT under OOD and low-resource settings. These results demonstrate that the structured representations captured by Ladderpath preserve intrinsic properties of sequences and provide a lightweight, interpretable, and training-free alternative for text modeling. This work highlights the potential of AIT-based approaches for structural and domain-agnostic sequence understanding.
分类: 图书馆学、情报学 >> 图书馆管理 分类: 计算机科学 >> 计算机网络 分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 提交时间: 2025-01-30
摘要: 活动以传统医药非物质文化遗产和独具匠心的技艺内涵为主旨内容,通过推荐馆藏图书及数字资源平台,结合现场宣传民族医药的分类和特色“藏医药浴疗法”方寸展板,开展“传承传统医药的文化瑰宝”知识问答,精确导读党建政治理论、化工医药生物学本科培养必读书目等多个方面,探究师生对国家传统医药非物质文化遗产精湛技艺知识内涵的理解和熏陶,研讨如何在传统医药国家非遗的传承和保护中发挥长效的价值。
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 提交时间: 2025-01-15
摘要: 随着移动通信与人工智能技术的飞速发展,当今社会对于信息智能化处理的需求迅速攀升,信息处理技术正在经历着由信号处理向内容处理的深刻变革。以傅里叶分析为代表的传统信号分析方法在分析和刻画信号时-频特性方面取得了巨大的成功,而在内容层面的信号语义特性分析方法却存在着一定的研究空白。因此,本文致力于为语义信息分析提供新的视角,提出了一种基于语义分解的语义信息分析方法。该方法认为,一个大颗粒度的语义信息可以分解为多个小颗粒度的语义信息,正如傅里叶变换可以将时域信号分解成多个不同频率分量的信号。本文所提出的语义分解方法关注到现实世界中语义信息天然存在的层级结构,其核心思路在于将复杂的语义信息分解为基本的单元组合结构,从而进行表征与理解。为此,本文提出了一系列核心概念,包括语义基元、语义分解树和语义颗粒度等,并定义了语义基元提取的相关运算和方法。通过实验验证,本文提出的语义信息分解方法能够有效地分解和表征语义信号,为信息处理技术的进一步发展提供了理论基础和实践指导。
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 提交时间: 2025-01-05
摘要: 本书是针对数据科学初学者的入门教程,通过R和Python两种编程语言,详细介绍了数据科学的基本概念、数据处理、数据分析、数据可视化、统计建模、机器学习以及深度学习等核心内容。书中通过丰富的实例和详细的步骤说明,帮助读者掌握数据科学的基本流程和方法,提升数据处理和分析能力。同时,本书还强调了实践的重要性,鼓励读者通过动手实践来加深对数据科学理论的理解和应用。
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 分类: 计算机科学 >> 计算机科学技术其他学科 提交时间: 2024-11-30
摘要: In this paper, an orthogonal mode decomposition method is proposed to decompose ffnite length real signals on both the real and imaginary axes of the complex plane. The interpolation function space of ffnite length discrete signal is constructed, and the relationship between the dimensionality of the interpolation function space and its subspaces and the band width of the interpolation function is analyzed. It is proved that the intrinsic mode is actually the narrow band signal whose intrinsic instantaneous frequency is always positive (or always negative). Thus, the eigenmode decomposition problem is transformed into the orthogonal projection problem of interpolation function space to its low frequency subspace or narrow band subspace. Different from the existing mode decomposition methods, the orthogonal modal decomposition is a local time-frequency domain algorithm. Each operation extracts a speciffc mode. The global decomposition results obtained under the precise deffnition of eigenmodes have uniqueness and orthogonality. The computational complexity of the orthogonal mode decomposition method is also much smaller than that of the existing mode decomposition methods
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 分类: 计算机科学 >> 计算机科学技术其他学科 提交时间: 2024-11-18
摘要: 本文提出了一种正交模态分解方法,在复平面实轴和虚轴同时对有限长度的实信号进 行本征模态分解。构造了有限长度离散信号的插值函数空间,分析了插值函数空间以及它的各 子空间的维数与插值函数的频带宽度的关系,论证了本征模态实际上就是其内禀瞬时频率恒为 正(或恒为负)的窄带信号,从而将本征模态分解问题变成为插值函数空间到其低频子空间或 窄带子空间的正交投影问题。正交模态分解方法是一种局部的时频域算法,每一次运算提取某 一个特定的模态。在精确的本征模态的定义下得到的全局分解结果具有唯一性。正交模态分解 方法的计算量显著小于传统的模态分解方法。
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 提交时间: 2024-11-17
摘要: 本文提出了基于有限长度的数列来构造实数域上小波函数的一般方法,这个有限长 度数列被称为种子数列,相应的小波函数称为种子数列小波函数。种子数列小波函数有解析表 达式且是连续和可微的,并且在时频域中都是能量集中的。亦即它在时频域中均有有限支撑集。 本文证明了当且仅当种子数列具有零均值时,其插值函数满足小波函数的可允许条件。同时还 给出了种子数列小波函数的高阶消失矩所对应的条件。在此基础上本文还提出了随机种子数列 小波函数的概念,构造出了具有任意阶消失矩的随机小波函数
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 提交时间: 2024-10-30
摘要: A general method to construct wavelet function on real number ffeld is proposed in this article,which is based on finite length sequence.This finite length sequence is called the seed sequence, and the corresponding wavelet function is called the seed sequence wavelet function.The seed sequence wavelet function is continuous and energy concentrated in both time and frequency domains,That is, it has a finite support set in both time and frequency domains.It is proved that if and only if the seed sequence has 0 mean value, the interpolation function satisfythe admissible condition of wavelet function.The conditions corresponding to the higher order vanishing moment of the seed sequence wavelet function are also given in this article. On this basis, the concept of random wavelet function is proposed, and the condition of the regularity of random wavelet is discussed.
分类: 数学 >> 控制和优化 分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 分类: 数学 >> 建模与仿真 提交时间: 2024-10-09
摘要: Modern mathematical neural networks are derived from biological neural networks, yet the currently popular general large models do not incorporate biological neural networks. The primary reason for this is that the differential equations based on biological neural networks are difficult to manipulate. At present, mathematical neural networks are characterized by their capacity for large-scale deployment, while biological neural networks offer strong biological interpretability. This paper introduces a system of differential equations with perfect symmetry and convenient manipulability, enabling us to manipulate this system as easily as we manipulate numbers in a matrix, thus integrating the advantages of both. As we are introducing a brand-new neural network framework, we first explore the mathematical properties of the differential equations, then define a new signal propagation method, and finally propose a new training approach for the neural network. The training of this new neural network does not rely on the traditional back-propagation algorithm; instead, it depends solely on the propagation of local signals. This implies that we no longer require global information to train the network. Each neuron can adjust based on the signals it receives and its predetermined strategy. As a verification, we mimicked the linking method of a multilayer perceptron (MLP) to create a new neural network and trained it on the MNIST dataset, demonstrating the effectiveness of our methodology.
分类: 物理学 >> 地球物理学、天文学和天体物理学 分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 提交时间: 2024-06-09
摘要: The precise estimation of the satellite clock bias (SCB) holds considerable importance in ensuring accurate timekeeping, navigation, and positioning. This studyintroduces a novel SCB prediction approach that integrates variational mode decomposition (VMD) and long short-term memory (LSTM) network techniques, combining signal decomposition with deep learning methodologies. Initially, the raw SCB data undergoespreprocessing, followed by decomposition using the VMD method to generate multiple intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). These decomposed IMFs serve as inputs for LSTM, where several independent LSTM models are established for training and prediction purposes. Subsequently, the predicted outcomes are aggregated and reconstructed to derive the finalSCB prediction. Experimental findings demonstrate notable advancements in clock bias prediction for the spaceborne hydrogen atomic clock for BDS, with prediction accuracies of 0.048 ns, 0.204 ns and 1.397 ns for 6 hours, 3 days and 15 days, respectively. These results exhibit significant enhancements compared to both the LSTM network and the Back Propagation (BP) neural network, with improvements of 56%, 84% and 83% for the aforementioned time intervals in comparison to LSTM, and enhancements of 59%, 82% and 83% relative to the BP neural network.
分类: 管理学 >> 科学学与科技管理 分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 分类: 统计学 >> 科学技术统计学 提交时间: 2024-06-07
摘要: 随着数字经济的飞速发展,企业的最优化决策成为可能,这为企业的数字化转型奠定了基础。传统的决策支持系统往往缺乏可解释性和自适应能力、不能结合宏观预期和企业自身多类别微观禀赋做出全局最优化决策。为弥补以上缺陷,本文从微观机理出发,结合数字孪生技术和智能微元模型(ABM)思想,构建了智能-交互-集成化决策支持系统。该系统全面考虑了企业的生产资料、销售、库存、存贷款利率、劳动力雇佣、预期等关键因素,在各种约束条件下,以实现最大化利润为目标做出多类别的生产和投资决策。本系统具备高度的可解释性和交互性。通过验证,该系统可靠,符合现实预期。从微观层面看,该系统为企业生产投资提供了量化决策支持;从中观层面看,可通过进一步构建产业链,为产业政策的制定提供参考;宏观层面而言,其可作为宏观经济复杂系统的一部分,与其余部类协调,演绎和预测不同政策的效果。
分类: 数学 >> 统计和概率 分类: 统计学 >> 数理统计学 分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 提交时间: 2024-05-22
摘要: 统计独立性是统计学和机器学习领域的基础性概念,如何表示和度量统计独立性是该领域的基本问题。Copula理论提供了统计相关关系表示的理论工具,而Copula熵理论则给出了度量统计独立性的概念工具。本文综述了Copula熵的理论和应用,概述了其基本概念定义、定理和性质,以及估计方法。介绍了Copula熵研究的最新进展,包括其在统计学的十个基本问题(结构学习、关联发现、变量选择、因果发现、系统辨识、时延估计、域自适应、正态性检验、双样本检验和变点检测等)上的理论应用。讨论了理论应用之间的联系,以及其对应的深层次的相关性和因果性概念之间的联系,并将Copula熵的(条件)独立性度量框架与基于核函数和距离相关的同类框架进行了理论对比。通过仿真和实际数据实验评估验证了Copula熵方法体系相对于同类方法的实际优越性。简述了Copula熵在理论物理学、天体物理学、地球物理学、理论化学、化学信息学、材料学、水文学、气候学、气象学、环境学、生态学、动物形态学、农学、认知神经学、运动神经学、计算神经学、心理学、系统生物学、生物信息学、临床诊断学、老年医学、精神病学、公共卫生学、经济学、管理学、社会学、教育学、计算语言学、新闻传播学、法学、政治学、军事学、情报学,以及能源工程、食品工程、土木建筑、交通运输、制造工程、可靠性工程、冶金工程、化学工程、航空航天、兵器工程、车辆工程、电子工程、通信工程、高性能计算、信息安全、测绘遥感、海洋工程和金融工程等领域的实际应用。
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 分类: 物理学 >> 电磁学、光学、声学、传热、经典力学和流体动力学 分类: 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间: 2024-05-22
摘要: The electromagnetic fields of point sources with time varying charges moving in the vacuum are derived using the Liénard-Wiechert potentials. The properties of the propagation velocities and the Doppler effect are discussed based on their far fields. The results show that the velocity of the electromagnetic waves and the velocity of the sources cannot be added like vectors; the velocity of electromagnetic waves of moving sources are anisotropic in the vacuum; the transverse Doppler shift is intrinsically included in the fields of the moving sources and is not a pure relativity effect caused by time dilation. Since the fields are rigorous solutions of the Maxwell’s equations, the findings can help us to abort the long-standing misinterpretations concerning about the classic mechanics and the classic electromagnetic theory. Although it may violate the theory of the special relativity, we show mathematically that, when the sources move faster than the light in the vacuum, the electromagnetic barriers and the electromagnetic shock waves can be clearly predicted using the exact solutions. Since they cannot be detected by observers in the region outside their shock wave zones, an intuitive and reasonable hypothesis can be made that the superluminal sources may be considered as a kind of electromagnetic blackholes.
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 分类: 物理学 >> 电磁学、光学、声学、传热、经典力学和流体动力学 分类: 电子与通信技术 >> 光电子学与激光技术 分类: 物理学 >> 地球物理学、天文学和天体物理学 分类: 物理学 >> 基本粒子与场物理学 提交时间: 2024-04-08
摘要: The Einstein’s theory of special relativity is based on his two postulates. The first is that the laws of physics are the same in all inertial reference frames. The second is that the velocity of light in the vacuum is the same in all inertial frames. The theory of special relativity is considered to be supported by a large number of experiments. This paper revisits the two postulates according to the new interpretations to the exact solutions of moving sources in the laboratory frame. The exact solutions are obtained using the classic Maxwell’s theory, which clearly show that the propagation velocity of the electromagnetic waves of moving sources in the vacuum is not isotropic; the propagation velocity of the electromagnetic waves and the moving velocity of the sources cannot be added like vectors; the transverse Doppler effect is intrinsically included in the fields of the moving sources. The electromagnetic sources are subject to the Newtonian mechanics, while the electromagnetic fields are subject to the Maxwell’s theory. We argue that since their behaviors are quite different, it is not a best choice to try to bind them together and force them to undergo the same coordinate transformations as a whole, like that in the Lorentz transformations. Furthermore, the Maxwell’s theory does not impose any limitations on the velocity of the electromagnetic waves. To assume that all objects cannot move faster than the light in the vacuum need more examinations. We have carefully checked the main experiment results that were considered as supporting the special relativity. Unfortunately, we found that the experimental results may have been misinterpreted. We here propose a Galilean-Newtonian-Maxwellian relativity, which can give the same or even better explanations to those experimental results.
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 分类: 计算机科学 >> 计算机科学技术其他学科 分类: 工程与技术科学 >> 工程数学 提交时间: 2024-03-30
摘要: 什么是智能?是人工智能的核心问题之一,但是至今没有一个公认的定义。本文从智能与生命的关系视角提出:智能是生物体的基本能力和特征属性,是一种尽量用最小能量实现最大信息量,通过信息处理来适应环境、维持存在的能力。在此基础上,提出了智能是物质能量与信息之间的相互转换能力这一新观点,进一步提出了智能的测度计算方法、平均智能、综合智能等新概念,最后讨论了物质、能量与信息的定量转换关系,指出了智能的上界和能量转换为信息的下界,为便于实际应用,进一步给出一个无量纲的智能测度计算公式。为智能系统定量分析智能的高低给出了可行的计算方法。
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 提交时间: 2024-01-06
摘要: 近年来工业过程向过程复杂化、规模大型化的方向发展,传统的故障诊断技术已在解决实际工业过程问题时,遇到了一系列难题。随着深度学习(deep learning)在特征提取与模式识别上的优异性能和独特潜力,深度学习技术被用于故障诊断已经成为当前研究的重点。为此本文介绍了几种典型的基于深度学习的故障诊断方法。最后对于深度学习在故障诊断应用中存在的障碍进行了探讨,并对展望了未来的相关研究方向。
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 提交时间: 2024-01-06
摘要: 虽然目前的基于单幅图像的三维人脸重建方法可以恢复精细的几何细节,但是这些方法具有局限性。某些方法生成的人脸无法真实地设置动画,因为它们没有对皱纹如何随表情变化进行建模。其他方法是在高质量的面部扫描上训练的,并且不能很好地推广到自然场景的图像。报告中使用的方法,能回归三维人脸形状和动画的细节,这些细节是特定于个人的但能随着表情的变化。该方法的模型经过训练,可以从由特定于人的细节参数和通用表情参数组成的低维潜在表示中鲁棒地生成UV位移图,而回归量则经过训练,可以从单个图像中预测细节,形状,表情,姿势和照明参数。为了实现这一点,该方法引入了一种新的细节一致性损失,从依赖于表情的皱纹中分离出特定于人的细节。这种解缠使得能够通过控制表情参数,同时保持个人特定细节不变,来合成逼真的个人特定皱纹。该方法是从自然场景得图像中学习的,没有配对的三维数据监督。
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 分类: 生物学 >> 生物进化论 分类: 生物学 >> 生物数学 分类: 物理学 >> 交叉学科物理及相关领域的科学与技术 分类: 生物学 >> 遗传学 提交时间: 2023-10-15
摘要: Background: In bioinformatics, tools like multiple sequence alignment and entropy methods probe sequence information and evolutionary relationships between species. Although powerful, they might miss crucial hierarchical relationships formed by the reuse of repetitive subsequences like duplicons and transposable elements. Such relationships are governed by evolutionary tinkering'', as described by Fran c{c}ois Jacob. The newly developed Ladderpath theory provides a quantitative framework to describe these hierarchical relationships.Results: Based on this theory, we introduce two indicators: order-rate eta, characterizing sequence pattern repetitions and regularities, and ladderpath-complexity kappa, characterizing hierarchical richness within sequences, considering sequence length. Statistical analyses on real amino acid sequences showed: (1) Among the typical species analyzed, humans possess relatively more sequences with large kappa values. (2) Proteins with a significant proportion of intrinsically disordered regions exhibit increased eta values. (3) There are almost no super long sequences with low eta. We hypothesize that this arises from varied duplication and mutation frequencies across different evolutionary stages, which in turn suggests a zigzag pattern for the evolution of protein complexity. This is supported by our simulations and examples from protein families such as Ubiquitin and NBPF.Conclusions: Our method emphasizes how objects are generated'', capturing the essence of evolutionary tinkering and reuse. The findings hint at a connection between sequence orderliness and structural uncertainty, and suggest that different species or those in varied environments might adopt distinct protein elongation strategies. These insights highlight our method's value for further in-depth evolutionary biology applications.
分类: 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 提交时间: 2023-10-12
摘要: 立体视觉是根据人双眼、昆虫复眼深度视觉原理,通过多个摄像机从不同角度同时获得周围景物 的多幅数字图像,由立体匹配技术得到多幅图像上的对应点,并且由对应点的视差信息重建三维物体图像. 现有的多目视觉三维重建和立体匹配方法的生物学机制仍然未知,也不知道人双眼和昆虫复眼是如何感 知深度信息、进行快速准确立体匹配的.通过热光的近场高阶空间相干性,研究了多视图立体视觉的神经 生物学机制,给出了双视图和多视图立体视觉的三维重建公式.得到的结果与视觉神经科学的理论一致.
分类: 信息科学与系统科学 >> 信息科学与系统科学基础学科 提交时间: 2023-02-14 合作期刊: 《桂林电子科技大学学报》
摘要: 针对经典相关功耗分析过程中存在噪声等因素的影响,基于汉明重量与功耗轨迹之间存在线性相关的特性,提出 一种针对AES密码芯片的相关功耗分析方法。根据密码算法S盒输出中间值汉明重量分布不均匀的特性,利用区分比将 正确密钥与错误密钥进行筛选,得到与功耗轨迹相关性较强的一组明文。在密钥恢复阶段,通过观察这组明文输入找到前 2个S盒的泄漏点后,利用分别猜测法逐一找出剩余14个S盒的泄漏区间,而无需遍历所有功耗轨迹即可捕获剩余字节的 密钥信息。AT89S52芯片实验分析表明,采用此方法仅需9条明文和对应功耗轨迹即可以90%的成功率正确恢复出AES 的单个字节密钥信息,计算复杂度仅为经典相关功耗分析的4.1%,显著提升了相关功耗分析的效率。