任意形状的双势垒的共振隧穿

摘要: Quantum tunneling across double potential barriers is studied. It is rigorously proved that large barriers of arbitrary shapes can be penetrated by low-energy particles with a probability of unity, i.e., realization of resonant tunneling (RT), by simply tuning the inter-barrier spacing. The results are demonstrated by tunneling of electrons and protons across rectangular and parabolic double barriers, in which resonant and sequential tunneling are distinguished. The critical dependence of the tunneling probabilities on the barrier positions not only demonstrates again the crucial role of phase factors, but also points to the possibility of ultrahigh accuracy measurements near resonance.