Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The network spillover effect of knowledge has been playing an increasingly significant role in the development of industrial innovation. The urban cooperation matrix of China’s new energy automobile industry is built based on new energy automobile patent data, and the structure and evolution process of China’s new energy automobile industry are depicted. On this basis, the spatial Dubin model (SDM) is used to calculate the network spillover effect, and its results are compared with the results of spillover effect based on the relationship of spatial contiguity and distance of cities. The results show that the innovation activities of China’s new energy automobile industry have begun to take shape, and a certain scale of innovation network has been formed. However, the innovation cooperation among cities and enterprises is not close. The innovation activities of new energy automobile industry are mainly concentrated in large cities, and from such cities, the innovation activities have strongly radiation to surrounding regions. The R&D investment of enterprises plays the key role in promoting the innovation and development of the local new energy automobile industry, but it has not produced significant spillover effect on the countrywide scale.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Science and technology innovation center plays an important role in transforming the mode of economic development and enhancing industrial competitiveness. The formation and development of science and technology innovation center depend on the gathering of innovative talents, the support of first-rate universities and research institutions, and the cooperation and mutual promotion between innovation organizations and enterprises. In the course of future development, China should build a multi-level network system of science and technology innovation centers with international centers which can connect to global innovation networks, national centers which are capable of leading national science and technology research and development and technology transfer, regional centers which can promote regional development of science and technology and high-tech industrialization, and local centers which can promote development of technological innovation and industrial with local characteristics. Meanwhile, innovative milieu with openness and inclusion, attraction to talents and the construction of top universities and research institutions are all important to the construction of the science and technology innovation center. On the basis of taking enterprises as the main body of innovation activities, planning and building various scientific research and development, innovation and industrialization platform should be implemented by government to incubate a group of leading scientific and technological innovation enterprises with global influence.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： China is among the most affected countries in the world in terms of the extent, intensity, and economic impact of sandification. Sandy land area is crucial for ecological civilization construction and regional poverty alleviation and development. Sandy land controlling and utilization measures and relative water saving technologies were summarized in this study. Previous studies mainly focused on the native sandy land while ignoring the water saving study of new consolidated land in the context of sandy land consolidation engineering. Sandy land consolidation and agricultural development in Yulin area were studied to clarify the improvement of soil water retention and holding capacity based on the field engineering of mixing red clay with sand. Results show that irrigation water of maize, soybean, and potato can be saved by 41.72%—61.49%, 25.57%—34.43% and 63.92%—70.05%, respectively. Coupling and efficient utilization of water and soil resources can be achieved by integrating sandy land consolidation engineering with cropping pattern optimizing and modern irrigation technologies applying in water resource constraint areas. Future research fields are suggested from the perspectives of modern agricultural development, socio-economic development, ecological civilization construction, and suitability evaluation.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： China put forward the major strategy of targeted poverty alleviation in 2013, and implemented the “most stringent assessment and evaluation” system to ensure that the work of poverty alleviation is pragmatic, the process of poverty alleviation is solid and the result of poverty alleviation is real. Targeted poverty alleviation assessment is an important means to improve the effectiveness of national targeted poverty alleviation, which is of great significance to fight against poverty alleviation and promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity. Based on the practice of the third-party evaluation of the effectiveness of national targeted poverty alleviation, this paper discusses the differentiation law of rural poverty and its scientific cognition, summarizes the theory and technology system of national targeted poverty alleviation evaluation, and deeply analyzes the application and contribution of evaluation theory and technology in the evaluation survey over the years. Results show that the “island effect” and “marginal diminishing effect” of rural poverty, and the supply-demand structure between the government’s “support” and the farmers’ “poverty” are the scientific significance of implementing the effectiveness assessment of targeted poverty alleviation. They require in-depth assessment to promote rectification and effectively improve the performance of targeted poverty alleviation. The theoretical cognition and practical needs of rural poverty are the important basis for establishing assessment objectives and developing assessment plan, and plays a direct guiding role in refining the assessment indicators of antipoverty effectiveness, exploring the connotation of indicators and formulating evaluation work plans. Theoretical system of national third-party assessment on the effectiveness of targeted poverty alleviation is a comprehensive system including key technologies, supporting technologies, package support system, and big data platform. It has successfully supported the national effectiveness assessment of targeted poverty alleviation from 2016 to 2020, and has played the role of “baton”, “quality inspection instrument”, and “propeller”, providing references for the assessment and scientific decision-making for poverty alleviation.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The administrative division has always been the basic support unit of local governance. More and more attention has been paid to the role of resource allocation and spatial governance of administrative divisions in the new era. Administrative division plays an important role in improving urban layout, optimizing urban structure, improving spatial governance efficiency, adjusting spatial development order, promoting regional balanced development, and realizing regional optimization and reorganization. It is suggested to give full play to the role of the administrative divisions in optimizing the allocation of resources and promote the reform of the administrative management system of the urban agglomerations; promoting the construction of central cities at all levels according to local conditions, and improve the comprehensive bearing capacity and resource optimization of central cities; optimizing the setup and layout of county administrative areas, which can stimulate the vitality of local development; promoting flat management, which can improve the efficiency of space governance. Finally, the paper puts forward the corresponding policies and suggestions to promote the adjustment of administrative divisions during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, and makes due contributions to the spatial governance and regional coordinated development in the new era of China.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Other Disciplines of Geosciences submitted time 2019-09-11 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract：中国政府近年来着力推行新型城镇化，关注城市可持续，强调城镇化发展模式由“数量增长型”向“质量提升型”转变。然而，城镇化质量的内涵并未取得共识，中国政府部门也未发布权威的城镇化质量评价体系。为此，本文建立了城镇化质量综合评价指标体系，并根据国内外发展经验确定了各级指标的分级标准。采用模糊隶属度函数和熵技术支持下的层次分析法，对西北地区2000—2014年分地州市城镇化质量的时空变化特征进行了定量测度和详细分析。结果表明：（1） 与国内外先进标准相比，整个西北地区的城镇化质量综合指数一直介于0.4和0.5之间，始终处于中等水平，然而总体呈缓慢波动上升趋势。说明西北地区城镇化质量提升还具有很大的潜力，各级政府今后必须制定各种大力提高城镇化质量的政策。（2） 整个西北地区分要素城镇化质量历年大体上呈现出“城市生态环境质量>城市社会发展质量>城市经济发展质量>城乡及区域一体化质量”的态势。其中，城市生态环境质量一直属于高质量，但近年来有下降的趋势；城市社会发展质量从较低质量变为中等和较高质量；城市经济发展质量从较低质量变为中等质量；城乡及区域一体化质量属于较低或中等质量，但近年来有缓慢上升的趋势。因此，西北地区应根据上述特点协调好这4个指标的关系。（3） 从空间上看，西北地区城镇化质量长期呈现出中等质量城市广泛分布而较低和较高质量城市零星分布的格局，而且分要素城镇化质量的空间分布均具有较强的规律性，但它们与人口城镇化率的时空分布没有明显的相关性。说明西北地区在实施新型城镇化战略的过程中，应根据各地州市的具体情况，因地制宜地协调好城镇化数量与质量的关系。本文为科学认识西北地区城镇化质量的时空特征提供帮助，也可以为类似区域城镇化质量的科学评价提供有效参考。
Subjects: Geosciences >> Hydrology submitted time 2018-10-23 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区地理》
Abstract： 冰冻圈作为气候系统五大圈层之一，是我国干旱区和寒区重要的水源地和固态水库，对生态、水、环境及气候等均具有重要影响。长期以来对冰冻圈产品及社会经济服务功能研究不足，遑论从地域主体功能角度对冰冻圈水资源服务功能进行区划。水资源服务作为冰冻圈资源的重要功能，是进行冰冻圈服务功能及其区划研究的重要突破口。本文基于冰冻圈科学、人文地理学、生态学等多学科交叉的理论和方法，重点从冰冻圈水资源分布与监测、地域功能区划、水资源服务功能分类和评估等三个方面进行了研究综述，并提出了生态系统服务功能与三生空间研究相结合的冰冻圈水资源服务功能分类体系和基于冰冻圈水资源特性、供给能力、社会经济发展水资源需求和利用效率的冰冻圈水资源服务功能评估指标体系。最后基于研究综述、已构建的冰冻圈水资源服务功能分类和评估体系，综合已有的自然地理综合区划、地域功能区划等区划实践，本文探讨了未来可行的冰冻圈水资源服务功能研究方案设想，为进行全国乃至全球的冰冻圈水资源服务功能区划工作提供了理论与实践基础。
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