Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Digitalized industrial cluster is the new development trend of China’s digital economy. This study estimates the extent of digitalization of national industrial clusters in China, by using spatial statistics, visualization techniques, and cluster-belt matching, with data on clusters promoted by the National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Industry and Informalization Technology, and Ministry of Science and Technology, and on-line industrial belts (2021) developed by Alibaba Group. The estimation finds that both the national clusters and on-line industrial belts co-existed in 72 cities, which account for 91.1 percent of the cities with national clusters; 134 or 84.3 percent of the 159 national clusters are co-located in the same city with on-line belts, both of which have identical or similar industries, with 44.7 percent for the identical industry group and 39.6 percent for the similar industry group.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Data element governance is a key factor to promote the modernization of national governance in the digital era. By strengthening the deep integration of data factors and national governance, a new model of data-driven national governance can be formed, and the national governance can be made more scientific, refined, intelligent, and efficient. The US and European countries have continuously strengthened the top-level system design, technological innovation application, collaborative governance mechanism, and global governance cooperation of data element governance, which has effectively improved the level of data element governance and provided experience for China. Nevertheless, due to the virtuality of data elements, more subjects involved, greater risk of leakage, and higher requirements of technical support level, the current data element governance is still faced with challenges such as imperfect collaborative governance mechanism, incomplete ethical governance mechanism, weak talent and technology foundation, etc. It is thus challenging to give full play to the role of data factors to meet the needs of the modernization of national governance. In the new era, it is urgent to establish and improve a data element governance system suitable for current major needs and application scenarios of national governance, by establishing a governance concept that takes into account the development of efficiency, fairness, and security in all directions, building a governance model featuring the collaboration and co-governance of multiple subjects of the government, the market, and society, strengthening a governance idea driven by the synergy of science, technology, and institutions, and improving the basic guarantee of talents, infrastructure, and public services, to promote the governance level of data factors and provide strong support for the modernization of national governance system and capacity.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： One significant goal of science and technology innovation is to set our sights on the health and safety of the people. The rapid development of digital technologies provides multiple potentials and path to achieve the modernization of China's health governance. the role of digital technologies on enabling multiple stakeholders (i.e., hospitals, doctors, government, and social groups) to improve the supply capacity, the inclusiveness, fairness, friendliness, and convenience of health service. Second, we explore the four key issues of using digital technologies to enable the governance of health construction of digital health infrastructures, the factors affecting the adoption of digital technologies, the identification of data assets, data security and ethics of science and technology. Given the international experience of using digital technologies in health, we propose policy recommendations on deepening digital technologies to enable the modernization of China’s health governance: taking road confidence as the core, pulling health demand with dynamic health scenarios, pushing health supply by integrating digital technologies, focusing on value creation and guiding the coordinated governance of multiple stakeholders, and participating in global innovation and taking China's responsibility to advocate Tech for Good.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： As digital technologies continue to be integrated into the whole process of economic and social development, promoting the modernization of digital technology-enabled national governance systems and capabilities has become an important way to seize the strategic initiative in the future world competitive landscape, and has attracted the attention of countries around the world. The rapid development of digital technologies such as big data collection, storage, processing, and analysis is constantly optimizing the organizational system structure of national governance, upgrading and perfecting the quality and methods of national governance personnel, and accelerating the process of making national governance efficient, scientific, intelligent and refined. At present, the national governance of China has made remarkable achievements but still faces many problems and challenges. The development of digital technologies for national governance needs scene expansion and talent supply, and the negative effects of digital technologies put new requirements on national governance. Based on the current development needs of the modernization of national governance supported by digital technology, this study puts forward suggestions to promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity endowed by digital technology, and quicken the pace to reach the overall goal of realizing the modernization of national governance.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The construction of China-Myanmar-Indian Ocean New Channel is of far-reaching significance for adapting to the reconstruction of the global industrial chain and supply chain, building a new development pattern of domestic and international double circulation, and effectively breaking the “Malacca dilemma”. The research group of Institutes of Science and Development in Chinese Academy of Sciences systematically carried out the research on the strategy of China-Myanmar-Indian Ocean New Channel construction based on the logical vision of the double helix methodology in think tanks, and creatively proposed the strategic layout of the “double Y” China-Myanmar-Indian Ocean New Channel. The research group further proposed that under this “double Y” layout, the construction of China-Myanmar-Indian Ocean New Channel will be promoted mainly through the cross-border multimodal transportation mode of ocean shipping, highway and railway in the near future and the mode of ocean shipping and railway in the medium and long term. At present, the construction of the China-Myanmar-Indian Ocean New Channel has been actively advancing in the direction of normalization, scaling, specialization and efficiency.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Protection of algorithm by intellectual property is a powerful way to stimulate innovation and regulate the risk of the algorithm. Algorithm that can be protected by intellectual property right is the program algorithm, which is compiled in computer language, in the form of coded instruction sequence, run by the computer and produce independent rational value results. The article is combed out that there are drawbacks to the traditional path of IP to protect program algorithms: it has conflict between program algorithm and copyright law system; the trade secret path is at odds with program algorithmic governance; and program algorithm can hardly be identified as method invention and cannot apply the rule of method invention right. The article proposes it is the optimal approach of program algorithm intellectual property protection in intelligent society that, to construct the new program algorithm quasi patent right, with reference to the concept of quasi-patent right such as regulatory exclusive right, and to design the public review system, the equivalent infringement doctrine, the hierarchical protection period system, based on the technical characteristics of the algorithm itself.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Using the competitive advantages of major scientific plans and strategic innovation platforms to attract, recruit and motivate a large number of high-level scientific and technological talents is the basic experience of the world talent center and innovation highland construction. The research takes the national scientific research institutions of the United States, Germany, France, and Japan as examples, and focuses on analyzing their role in the accumulation, circulation, and motivation of global talents. The research suggests that China’s national scientific research institutions should increase the ability to attract and gather international talents, optimize the talent structure that balances stability and mobility, and improve the salary structure of science and technology innovation (STI) talents.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： It is known that the innovation capacity of enterprises is an important indication for an innovation economy and basic research is the source of science and technology innovation. Basic research is of course mainly carried out by universities and public research institutions, so what role should China’s enterprises play in basic research has been a long-running debate. Here in this article, we first discussed the connotation of basic research and clarified the importance of applied basic research to enterprises. We then compared the innovation
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that ‘the principal contradiction in Chinese society has evolved into one between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people's ever-growing needs for abetter life’.In order to solve this contradiction, it is urgent to grasp the strategic opportunity of innovation-driven digital transformation to promote the high-quality development of social services. The article has studied and judged the trends of innovation-driven digital transformation of social services such as government services, education services, medical and health services, elderly care services, employment services and public security services, combed the policy practices of developed countries and organizations to promote the innovation-driven digital transformation of social services, and summarized the achievements of innovation-driven digital transformation of social services in China, then clarified the development views and put forward the policy suggestions of China’s innovation-driven digital transformation of social services, namely, (1) Build a technological innovation system for the digital transformation and development of social services; (2) Promote innovation-driven digital transformation of government service process reengineering; (3) Promote the innovation-driven digital transformation and development of public services; (4) Establish a policy and legal environment for the innovation-driven digital transformation of social services.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： “Small products and large integration” of consumer goods is a tangible carrier reflecting a country’s innovation capacity, manufacturing capacity and international competitiveness, and a physical embodiment of meeting people’s needs for a better life. The marketization of China’s consumer goods industry developed early and has played a leading role in stimulating the domestic cycle and promoting the international cycle for a long time. The standardization of consumer goods and industrial practice have been coordinating with each other and making mutual adaptations from the beginning, and have gone through the stages from scratch, to fast development and to sound development. This has effectively standardized, promoted and guided the industrial development. At present, the standardization of consumer goods in Europe, America and other major developed countries has entered a new stage of “safer, more transparent, more environmentally friendly and healthier”. However, China’s consumer goods industry has got into a state with slow growth, weak domestic demand, and severe and complex export situation. The market development and industrial practice is raising new requirements on five aspects: innovation, health, ecology, culture and service. On the basis of summarizing China’s historical experiences in developing the consumer goods standardization and lessons learned from foreign practices, this study analyzes the market performance and the needs of industrial practice in the current stage of consumer goods standardization, and puts forward the “seven transformations” of consumer goods standardization in the new period. It aims to provide reference for practice and decision-making on implementing the National Standardization Development Outline andformulating consumer goods standardization policies suitable for the strategic task of constructing a new development pattern.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Intellectual property (IP) is a key in strengthening the integration of sci-tech and financing for the aim of innovation-driven development. Sci-tech activities are a type of investment in nature. Innovative entities can attract investment with high-quality IP, and investors can profit from innovation by investing in IP. This study analyzes the investment nature of sci-tech activities from two periods of research & development and transformation of sci-tech achievements, and analyzes the role of IP in the two periods. Based on practical foundations, the main considerations are put forward from the aspects of national needs, industry characteristics, endowment difference, and target orientation to promote the integration of sci-tech and financing through IP. Furthermore, it is suggested that to take measures from the aspects of IP system establishment, IP storage, IP-based market mode, and IP-related policy.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Innovation always originates from scientific research (basic research and applied research). Investing in scientific research can create new products and new industries, and bring continuous and huge profit. It appeals to a wide range of social investment from market to fund scientific research in recent years. Such economical return, however, is often thwarted by the high risk and uncertainty of scientific research. The main obstacle to the social investments funding scientific research is analyzed in this paper and then some examples are presented as well. It illustrates that it is crucial for public policy to shorten the gap between the science and market in order to make it easier for all kinds of social capital to support innovation. The main challenge for policy makers is to determine the priority of innovation and to reduce the risks, and it is of great essence to construct a supportive system for social investment funding scientific research.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： S&T and financing integration contributes to improve innovation efficiency and expand profit margin of financial capital. With the shortening transformation period from basic research into practical productive force, this integration extends to the front of the innovation chain. Dominant position in foundation innovation is becoming the focus of major country competition. From the perspective of innovation chain, this study puts forwards a logical framework of S&T and financing integration. For different innovation stages, the study analyzes the technology innovation goals, industrial development characteristics, and the rules of capital operation. Based on the co-evolution processes of S&T and financing, suggestions of S&T and financing integration development in China are provided.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Developing “Zero-waste City” is a powerful starting point for deepening solid waste comprehensive management reform from the overall city level, and is an important measure to promote ecological civilization and build a beautiful China. In 2019, the State Council issued the Working Plan for the Pilot Construction of “Zero-waste City”. In order to implement this plan, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment selected “11+5” cities and regions to carry out the first batch of pilot projects. On the basis of in-depth investigations, the progress of the pilot construction is summarized and the outstanding problems and challenges are analyzed. Studies have shown that in the past two years, the pilots have achieved preliminary results, and formed a number of typical experience models that can be replicated and promoted. Nevertheless, there still are many challenges such as lack of strategic planning and top-level design, poor management system operation, imperfect law and regulation systems, imperfect economic incentives and marketization mechanisms, insufficient technological innovation, etc. In order to systematically promote “Zero-waste City” in the future, on one hand, it is necessary to strengthen top-level design and overall coordination, pay attention to the synergistic effect of resource conservation, waste reduction, and carbon reduction, and develop circular economy as an important path. On the other hand, in order to accelerate the formation of a long-term mechanism, it is necessary to strengthen the establishment of a system of laws, regulations and standards for front-end reduction and resource management, comprehensively use price mechanisms, fiscal and tax policies, and financial means to establish a market-oriented mechanism, and strengthen technological innovation and application transformation to form a sustainable business model.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Under the new situation, expanding and strengthening the crop seed industry and ensuring food security have been elevated to the national strategic importance. It urgently needs to improve the crop seed national innovation system and promote the deep integration of the innovation chain and industrial chain. The crop seed industry in developed countries such as the United States has formed a relatively mature industrial innovation system dominated by enterprises; however, China’s crop seed industry innovation system is large but weak, the seed industry innovation efficiency is low, and the innovation ecology of the innovation chain and the industrial chain integration is immature, which seriously restrict the high-quality development of China’s seed industry. Based on analyzing the development trend of the global crop seed industry and identifying the problems and obstacles restricting the integration of China’s seed industry innovation chain and industrial chain, it is suggested to fully consider the unique laws and needs of agricultural seed industry innovation, strengthen top-level design, optimize and integrate the national seed industry scientific and technological forces, and build a market-oriented, enterprise-centered, industry-university#2;research-government integration, and whole industry chain integration. The seed industry innovation system with Chinese characteristics fully utilizes the advantages of a unified large national market on the basis of fully considering regional differences, so as to promote the integration of the innovation chain and the industrial chain.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： At present, the new technology revolution and industrial transformation are accelerately reshaping the international industrial division of labor. It is urgent to adhere to the basic principles of “open cooperation, green and low carbon, value co-creation, and co#2;development”, promote open innovation and cooperation in key areas of the manufacturing industry, and improve the open innovation and development capability in the manufacturing industry. This study first summarizes the open innovation trends of global manufacturing industries. Second, it analyzes major countries' policies in promoting open innovation in the manufacturing industry. Third, the current situation and problems of China's manufacturing open innovation is demonstrated. Finally, this study puts forward the policy suggestions of China's manufacturing open innovation as strengthening the co-R&D system and capacity building and improving the manufacturing technology supply capacity, strengthening the co-design system and capacity building and enhancing the manufacturing market responsiveness, strengthening the co-production system and capacity building and enhancing the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry, strengthening the co-service system and capacity building and leading the development direction of service-oriented manufacturing, and strengthening the co#2;development of ecosystem and environment construction and promoting the open and innovative development of the manufacturing industry.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The layout of basic research is a typical multi-stakeholder and multi-disciplinary comprehensive policy research, which is suitable to be guided by the think tank double helix methodology. Firstly, the study summarizes the “organization” and theoretical understanding of basic research layout. Secondly, based on MIPS logical hierarchy method and DIIS process fusion method, the study analyzes the fusion mechanism of “discipline layout” and “task layout” of basic research. Finally, the study puts forward the promotion strategies and measures of the future basic research layout from four aspects: system layout, discipline layout, task layout, and international layout.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The rapid development of modern science and technology not only brings benefits to human society, but also brings huge ethical risks and challenges. How to carry out systematic science and technology ethics research has become an important issue currently. Science and technology ethics research is a typical interdisciplinary, comprehensive, and complex think tank problem that draws upon the fields of natural sciences and social sciences. The relevant research is reviewed to found out important issues and themes in the field, and the think tank double helix methodology is used to propose conceptual framework and practical method in the science and technology ethics research, aiming to propose a methodological innovation in the field of science and technology ethics research.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In the new development stage, taking green GDP as the starting point for the development of green economy, low-carbon economy, and circular economy and an important indicator to measure high-quality development, sustainable development, and modernization is an effective way to ensure the construction of “beautiful China”, basically realize socialist modernization and achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. This study uses the double helix theory of think tank to innovate a new paradigm of green GDP research and broaden the research path of GDP evaluation system. In terms of epistemology, the think tank double helix methodology provides a new systematic perspective of “analysis#2;fusion-restoration” for the study of green GDP. In terms of methodology, the think tank double helix methodology provides a new technical perspective of data-information-intelligence-solution (DIIS) for the study of green GDP. In terms of practice, the think tank double helix methodology provides a new logical perspective of mechanism-impact policy-solution (MIPS) for the study of green GDP. In terms of green GDP evaluation theory, data collection is the basis of green GDP evaluation, revealing that information is the key of green GDP evaluation research, and comprehensive research and judgment is the core of green GDP research. Through the analysis of the research links of DIIS data collection, revealing information and comprehensive research and judgment, this study aims to reshape the theoretical basis of China’s green GDP evaluation system. In terms of the application of green GDP evaluation, this study summarizes its basic concepts and accounting mechanism framework in different stages, analyzes its impacts on social and economic development and ecological environment protection, as well as its policy support on the top design of green development strategy and the construction of green development system. In addition, according to MIPS, this study analyzes the evolution law of China’s green GDP evaluation system from the logical links of mechanism, impact, and policy analysis. This study also puts forward the basic principles, index framework, and implementation path of constructing China’s green GDP evaluation system according to the integration of internal circulation DIIS research link and MIPS logic link of the think tank double helix methodology, and the theoretical analysis and evolution law summary of green GDP evaluation. In terms of basic principles, this study puts forward the basic guidance for the construction of strategic, scientific, and practical index system. In terms of index framework, this study puts forward a basic evaluation system composed of five-dimensional subsystems of green economic quality, green social quality, green environmental quality, green life quality, and green management quality, as well as their 25 elements. With respect to the implementation path, this study puts forward a practice guidance system including system layer, index layer, calculation layer, and target layer. In view of the situation facing China’s future development and the importance of green GDP evaluation, this study proposes some suggestions to promote the research of green GDP evaluation from the perspectives of theoretical system, technical methods, and practical application under the guidance. of the think tank double helix methodology.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Public opinion governance research is a typical think tank research driven by big data, which should deal with the “five major challenges” faced by China’s economic transformation, social transformation, and reform challenges, namely, risk intertwined challenges, modeling complexity challenges, interdisciplinary challenges, social impact challenges, and scenario uncertainty challenges. The Think Tank Double Helix Methodology provides an effective research paradigm to guide the whole process of public opinion governance and think tank research. Based on this methodology, opinion research could effectively respond to the five significant challenges and serve the demands of national governance. This paper demonstrates a deep understanding of the relationship between the risk and value of the public opinion. It is also explained how to use the Think Tank Double Helix Methodology to promote the interdisciplinary integration of theoretical methods of public opinion academic research, improve the scientific and professional level of the logical framework of think tank research, and break down the cognitive barriers of the transformation from academic research to think tank research. This methodology provides thinking, process, operation, and organizational guidance. Under this guidance, we adhere to the problem-oriented, evidence-oriented, and scientific-oriented to conduct opinion think tank research. We establish a full-chain risk response mechanism, including public opinion collection, judgment, disposal, and response. We improve the risk rating system, including public opinion monitoring, early warning, prevention, and resolution, build a value shaping system including public opinion dissemination, guidance, influence, and credibility. This methodology promotes the research of public opinion think tanks from empirical to scientific research, from discrete to systematic approach, from a single discipline basis to comprehensive and consistent research from pure academic-oriented to integrative studies fitting both academic and practical requirements. These research transitions improve the quality and effectiveness of public opinion governance and think tank research for servicing decision-making.
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