分类: 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间: 2023-09-11
摘要: Gamma-ray polarimetry is a new and prospective tool for studying various extreme high-energy celestial objects and is of great significance for the development of astrophysics. With the rapid development of microsatellite technology, the advantages in space exploration are becoming increasingly apparent. Therefore, in this paper, we conducted a simulation study on a soft gamma-ray polarimeter for a microsatellite in space. Here, we proposed a unique design structure for the polarimeter based on the microsatellite design concept and the Compton scattering principle. And then, the detailed Monte Carlo simulations using mono-energetic gamma-ray linear polarization sources and the Crab-like sources in the energy range of 0.1-10 MeV with full consideration of the orbital background were performed. The simulation results show that the polarimeter can exhibit excellent polarization detection performance. The modulation factor is 0.800.01, and the polarization angles are accurate within an error of 0.2 at 200 keV for on-axis incidence. For the Crab-like sources for on-axis incidence, the polarization degrees are consistent with the set values within the error tolerance, the modulation factor is 0.760.01, and the minimum detectable polarization reaches 2.4% at 3 for an observation time of 106 seconds. In addition, the polarimeter has recoil electron tracking, imaging, and powerful background suppression at a large field of view (2 sr). The polarimeter designed can meet the requirements of a space-soft gamma-ray polarization detector very well and has a bright research prospect.
分类: 核科学技术 >> 裂变堆工程技术 提交时间: 2023-06-01
摘要: Recent reactor antineutrino experiments have observed that the neutrino spectrum changes with the reactor core evolution and that the individual fissile isotope antineutrino spectra can be decomposed from the evolving data, providing valuable information for the reactor model and data inconsistent problems. We propose a machine learning method by building a convolutional neural network based on a virtual experiment with a typical short-baseline reactor antineutrino experiment configuration: by utilizing the reactor evolution information, the major fissile isotope spectra are correctly extracted, and the uncertainties are evaluated using the Monte Carlo method. Validation tests show that the method is unbiased and introduces tiny extra uncertainties.
分类: 生物学 >> 生物物理学 >> 细胞生物学 提交时间: 2016-05-11
摘要: Homotypic membrane fusion of the endoplasmic reticulum is mediated by dynamin-like guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), which include atlastin (ATL) in metazoans and Sey1p in yeast. In this paper, we determined the crystal structures of the cytosolic domain of Sey1p derived from Candida albicans. The structures reveal a stalk-like, helical bundle domain following the GTPase, which represents a previously unidentified configuration of the dynamin superfamily. This domain is significantly longer than that of ATL and critical for fusion. Sey1p forms a side-by-side dimer in complex with GMP-PNP or GDP/AlF4- but is monomeric with GDP. Surprisingly, Sey1p could mediate fusion without GTP hydrolysis, even though fusion was much more efficient with GTP. Sey1p was able to replace ATL in mammalian cells, and the punctate localization of Sey1p was dependent on its GTPase activity. Despite the common function of fusogenic GTPases, our results reveal unique features of Sey1p.