Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Strategic basic research is a novel concept evolves along with the historical development and understanding of what constitutes as basic research. It evolves from the interactions among different communities and their changing practices, the management and new demand from the government, the changing relationship between public and scientific community and the changes of funding structures for science and technology. This paper first reviews the historical development and understanding of basic research so that to investigate how has the concept of strategic basic research evolved, and then it summarizes the international practices of management and funding of basic research in the USA, EU, and Japan so that to identify how they address the emerging need of strategic basic research in their own context.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Government performance evaluation in the US dates back to the early twentieth century, in which the performance evaluation of the US federal government S&T budget also follows its pattern and experiences historical evolution. Looking into the historical trajectory of performance evaluation of the US federal government S&T budget, this study divides its transformation into 3 phases, namely exploration stage, formation stage, and development stage. The study first analyzes the major traits and evaluation methods of each individual stage, and further gives out a general conclusion of the whole development trajectory based on a comprehensive analysis. Finally, based on the current status quo, the study puts forward some implications towards the performance evaluation of national S&T budget in China.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In accordance with the request of Ministry of Finance, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) conducts a pilot study of comprehensive budget performance evaluation among six affiliated institutes of CAS. The research gives a systematic reviewing analysis from the perspectives of the background of the pilot study, construction of the evaluation logic model, design of the evaluation indicator system, organization and implementation of the whole pilot study, and the resulted effects thereof based on the specific practices. In the meantime, upon exploring of issues, including but not limited to, coordination of all kinds of evaluation work, the uniqueness of science and technology field,and some problems rising in specific practices, the research brings out certain ideas and reflection on budget performance evaluation.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The current practices of S&T budget performance evaluation in China put more weight on efficacy than efficiency and effectiveness. This study puts forward an innovative 3E theory in the field of S&T budgeting performance evaluation based on Peter Checkland’s 3E evaluation model and the existing practices of S&T budget performance evaluation in China. To unswervingly uphold and approach the new request for improving the S&T input effectiveness emphasized at the 20th National Congress of the CPC, it is a must to carry out a comprehensive S&T budget performance evaluation in the new era on the basis of the 3E theory of S&T budget performance evaluation. Additionally, this research gives detailed analysis on how to do the evaluation based on the 3E theory.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Having practiced for more than 20 years, China has basically established the framework of fiscal performance evaluation system and method. As one of the majorly applied fiscal performance evaluation methods in China, Comprehensive Scoring Method (CSM) has played a critical role in the rapid promotion of performance evaluation practice due to its standardization, transparency, and operability. However, CSM is also challenged by certain problems, such as multi-dimensional hybrid evaluation, progress-focused evaluation, and poor reflection of the actual performance, and even it faced with severer challenges for its application in science and technology field. Based on the aforementioned problems, this study aims to systemically analyze the issues and disputes of CSM, and to bring up new options and ideas in the CSM reform based on the new demands of state full promotion of budget performance evaluation in the new era and related international practices.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Open research data is considered to be the most significant feature of scientific research activities in the next decade. On the basis of existing ecological observations and the “opening of large scientific data” generated by large scientific research equipment, the European Union and the United States are also actively promoting the opening of “small science” research data generated by individual researchers in the process of scientific research. The opening of small scientific research data is expected to connect the fragmented scientific research individuals into a scientific research innovation network, thereby triggering new reforms in the scientific research organization model and innovation paradigm. This research firstly sorts out the practices of European and American countries in open research data from three aspects: the promotion of funding institutions, the construction of data journals, and the practice of open platforms for scientific research data. Then, three enlightenments for open research data in China are proposed.
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