Subjects: Mechanics >> Basic Mechanics submitted time 2023-04-24 Cooperative journals: 《应用力学学报》
Abstract： The studies of biomechanics in swimming have played an important role in the optimization of swimmers' skills and the improvement of their performance.This narrative review aims to retrospect the relevant knowledge and history of swimming kinetics and dynamics from a hydromechanical perspective,carrying out a comprehensive discussion on the contribution provided by the technology advances in hydromechanical studies to the field of swimming biomechanical quantitative research.A comprehensive,reproducible search strategy had been performed on the databases of Web of Science,PubMed,Scopus,and Google Scholar.The eligible studies were screened out according to their titles.Basic publication information,objectives,methods,results,and conclusions of the eligible studies were extracted and summarized.For a long time,the large number of physical quantities which are difficult to predict and measure in fluid motion limited the development of hydromechanical analysis of swimming.With the development of technology for flow motion visualization and quantization over the decades,several hypotheses have been proposed for the propulsion mechanism of human swimming,which are propulsions from lift and drag,vortices,and axial flow.At the same time,the resistance that the swimmers loaded during swimming has been quantified accurately.At present,there is still a gap in the research progress of swimming hydromechanics compared with the research frontier of sports biomechanics,and the combination of them is still insufficient.Future studies should focus on quantitative analysis of swimming hydromechanics and integrate its results more closely with sports biomechanics to help swimmers optimize skills and improve their performance.
Subjects: Mechanics >> Applied Mechanics submitted time 2023-03-20 Cooperative journals: 《应用力学学报》
Abstract： To investigate the biomechanical parameters of the lower limbs of adolescent nunners underdifferent longitudinal bending stiflness ( LBS) running shoe conditions. Ten adolescent rumners [ age (13.5 �0.6) years ; height ( 166.3�1.9 ) cm ; body mass (50.8 �3.1 ) kg ; foot length (25.4�0.2)cm] with some training experience were selected to run in three different longitudinal bending stiffnessshoes ( low-stiffness shoe;5.0 N穖; medium-stiffness shoe;6.3 N-m; and high-stiffness shoe ;8.6 N穖).The VICON 3D motion capture system and AMTl 3D force measuring platform were used to collect thetrajectories of the lower limb marker points and ground reaction forces simultaneously and to analyze andcompare the changes in joint angles , peak moments , joint power , and work done at different longitudinalflexural stiffness.Under the three different bending stiffness conditions, the hip joint mobility in medium-and high-stiffness shoes was significantly less than that in low-stiffness ones; the metatarsophalangeal jointmobility in high-stiffiness shoes was significantly less than that in low- and medium-stiffness ones. On thesagittal plane, the peak hip joint moment in medium- and high-stiffness shoes was significantly less thanthat in low-stiffiness ones ;peak ankle joint moments were significantly smaller in low- and medium-stiffnessshoes than in high-stiffiness ones ; peak metatarsophalangeal joint moments were significantly smaller inmedium- and high-stiffness shoes than in low-stiffness ones; 'The positive and negative hip joint work ofmedium- and high-stiffness shoes was significantly less than the low-stiffness ones.The negative knee jointwork of low-stiffness shoes was significantly higher than that of medium-stiffness ones. The positive andnegative ankle joint work in medium- and high-stiffness shoes was significantly higher than that of low-stiff-ness ones. As the LBS of running shoe increases, hip extension angle , peak torque and joint work decrease,ankle plantarflexion angle decreases , joint work increases , and metatarsophalangeal joint flexion range ofmotion and peak torque decreases.At a constant running speed, with the adjustment of the shoe LBS, thework of the lower limbs is transferred and redistributed among different joints.The biomechanical parame-ters of lower extremity movement of young runners with different L.BS may provide scientific reference forthe design and optimization of nunning shoe LBS.
Hits
Hits
Downloads
Comment
YES