分类: 物理学 >> 核物理学 提交时间: 2017-07-30
摘要: We investigate the one-body dissipation dynamics in heavy-ion collisions of 16O+16O using a fully three-dimensional time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) theory with the modern Skyrme energy functional and without any symmetry restrictions. The energy dissipation is revealed to decrease in deep-inelastic collisions of the light systems as the bombarding energy increases owing to the competition between collective motion and single-particle degrees of freedom. The role of spin-orbit force is given particular emphasis in deep-inelastic collisions. The spin-orbit force causes a significant enhancement of the dissipation. The time-even coupling of spin-orbit force plays a dominant role at low energies, while the influence of time-odd terms is notable at high energies. About 40-65% of the total dissipation depending on the different parameter sets is predicted to arise from the spin-orbit force. The theoretical fusion cross section has a reasonably good agreement with the experimental data, considering that no free parameters are adjusted to reaction dynamics in the TDHF approach.
分类: 生物学 >> 生物物理学 提交时间: 2016-05-12
摘要: The FAOD/FPOD family of proteins has the potential to be useful for the longterm detection of blood glucose levels in diabetes patients. A bottleneck for this application is to find or engineer a FAOD/FPOD family enzyme that is specifically active towards alpha-fructosyl peptides but is inactive towards other types of glycated peptides. Here, the crystal structure of fructosyl peptide oxidase from Eupenicillium terrenum (EtFPOX) is reported at 1.9 angstrom resolution. In contrast to the previously reported structure of amadoriase II, EtFPOX has an open substrate entrance to accommodate the large peptide substrate. The functions of residues critical for substrate selection are discussed based on structure comparison and sequence alignment. This study reveals the first structural details of group I FPODs that prefer alpha-fructosyl substrates and could provide significant useful information for uncovering the mechanism of substrate specificity of FAOD/FPODs and guidance towards future enzyme engineering for diagnostic purposes.
分类: 生物学 >> 生物物理学 提交时间: 2016-05-11
摘要: Electron transfer (ET) is widely used for driving the processes that underlie the chemistry of life. However, our abilities to probe electron transfer mechanisms in proteins and design redox enzymes are limited, due to :the lack of methods to site-specifically insert electron acceptors into proteins in vivo. Here we describe the synthesis and genetic incorporation of 4-fluoro-3-nitrophenylalanine (FNO(2)Phe), which has similar reduction potentials to NAD(P)H and ferredoxin, the most important biological reductants. Through the genetic incorporation of FNO2Phe into green fluorescent:protein (GFP) and femtosecond transient absorption measurement, we show that photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from the GFP chromophore to FNO2Phe occurs very fast (within 11 ps), which is comparable to that of the first electron transfer step in photosystem I, from P700* to A(0). This genetically encoded, low-reduction potential unnatural amino acid (UAA) can significantly in-Trove our ability to investigate electron transfer mechanisms in complex reductases and facilitate the design of miniature proteins that mimic their functions.
提交时间: 2017-05-02
摘要: Two alcohol-soluble organic molecules are synthesized and introduced into inverted organic solar cells as the cathode interlayer. A power conversion efficiency as high as 9.22% is obtained by using the more hydrophobic molecule FTBTF-N as the cathode interlayer. Morphological studies suggest that design of the backbone can help to enhance short-circuit current density and fill factor.
分类: 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间: 2017-05-02
摘要: A small-molecule electrolyte based on the popular ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA-N) is introduced as an efficient cathode inter- layer in inverted polymer solar cells, helping to deliver power conversion efficiency over 9%. The strong dependence of device performance on the external bias suggests that the ion motion plays a critical role in improving the performance of devices with electrolyte interlayers.
分类: 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间: 2017-05-02
摘要: Planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells were fabricated through a low temperature approach. We find that the device performance significantly depends on the external bias before and during measurements. By appropriate optimization of the bias conditions, we could achieve an 8-fold increase in the power conversion efficiency. The significant improvement in device performance might be caused by the ion motion in the perovskite under the external electric field.