分类： 物理学 >> 基本粒子与场物理学 提交时间： 2024-04-10
摘要： 本文考虑一种量子化的参考系理论，考虑这种时空参考系在量子二阶矩涨落下的Ricci流理论及其蕴含的引力理论。由于该理论中非平凡的时空二阶量子涨落，我们讨论了宇宙加速膨胀(宇宙学常数)问题、星系尺度的径向加速度反常问题，极早期暴涨等问题，及其时空熵的起源问题。最后我们也给出该理论的一些可能预言。
分类： 物理学 >> 普通物理:统计和量子力学,量子信息等 提交时间： 2023-02-17
摘要： The paper proposes a statistical fields theory of quantum reference frame underlying the Perelman's analogies between his formalism of the Ricci flow and the thermodynamics. The theory is based on a $d=4-\epsilon$ quantum non-linear sigma model (NLSM), interpreted as a quantum reference frame system which a to-be-studied quantum system is relative to.The statistic physics and thermodynamics of the quantum frame fields is studied by the density matrix of them obtained by the Gaussian approximation quantization. The induced Ricci flow of the frame fields and the Ricci-DeTurck flow of the frame fields associated with the density matrix is deduced. In this framework, the diffeomorphism anomaly of the theory has deep thermodynamic interpretation. The trace anomaly is related to a Shannon entropy in terms of the density matrix, which monotonically flows and achieves its maximal value at the flow limit,called the Gradient Shrinking Ricci Soliton (GSRS). A relative Shannon entropy w.r.t. the maximal entropy gives a statistical interpretation to Perelman's partition function, which is also monotonic and giving an analogous H-theorem to the statistical frame fields system. We find that a temporal static 3-space of the GSRS spacetime is in a thermal equilibrium state, and Perelman's analogies between his formalism and the thermodynamics of the frame fields in equilibrium can be explicitly given in the framework. As a possible underlying microscopic theory of the gravitational system, the theory is also applied to understand the thermodynamics of the Schwarzschild black hole. The cosmological constant in the effective theory of gravity at cosmic scale is also briefly given.
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