Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The connotation of “sand industry” is to utilize the desert resources in the process of prevention and control of desertification effectively, and expand the space of energy-saving green agricultural industry. This paper overviews the technological advances about Cistanche deserticola planting industry, introduces the development trend of Cistanche deserticola industry and advanced planting technology especially, analyzes and estimates economic benefits of Cistanche deserticola planting, finally, views the application and popularization perspective of Cistanche deserticola planting technologically.
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2017-06-29 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：土壤生化作用强度是表征土壤生物学活性的重要指标。选择传统研究方法，从氨化作用、硝化作用、固氮作用、纤维素分解、呼吸作用以及酶活性6个方面，揭示了咸水滴灌下塔里木沙漠公路防护林地土壤生化作用强度的分异规律。结果表明，（1）随防护林定植年限的增大，土壤氨化作用、固氮作用、纤维素分解和呼吸作用的强度均明显增强，其中氨化作用和呼吸作用变化尤为明显；而硝化作用强度有所减弱。（2）0-50 cm土体内，随土壤深度增大，生化作用强度提高，氨化作用、硝化作用、固氮作用、纤维素分解和呼吸作用强度的垂直差异均达极显著水平（F > F0.01）。（3）随防护林定植年限的增大，不同土壤酶活性的变化各异，其中，过氧化氢酶活性显著增大（F > F0.01），纤维素酶和蔗糖酶的活性明显提高（F > F0.05），而蛋白酶、磷酸酶和脲酶的活性变化不大（F F0.05）。（4）回归分析表明，不同生化强度因子与土壤环境因子的最优回归方程不同，但决定系数均大于0.95；全盐、全氮和速效氮进入了所有回归方程，是决定塔里木沙漠公路防护林地土壤生化强度的关键土壤环境因子。因此，咸水滴灌条件下，塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地防护林土壤生化作用强度不断提高的趋势，这对于防护林工程的科学管理有重要指示意义。
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Highways and railways are important infrastructures of land transportation. The blown-sand hazard control of traffic arteries in sandy areas has always been one important issue in the national economy and society. In view of the characteristics of aeolian environment and the demand for safe operation of traffic arteries, China has carried out a large number of sand hazard control experiment and practices mainly on technology innovation of materials, measures, comprehensive system, maintenance, summed up four configuration patterns of sand control system, and created some patterns of sand hazard control technology for desert traffic arteries in different aeolian environments with Chinese characteristics, the patterns have been applied successfully in the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway, Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Tarim Desert Highway and Open Channel in Gurbantunggut Desert. China’s achievements in the sand hazard control for land transportation arteries have a broad application prospect in sandy areas in the world, especially in the countries along the Belt and Road.
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2017-03-22 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：为探讨沙漠公路防护林地表凋落物的分解速率和养分释放动态对施肥的响应，采用凋落物分解袋法，对塔里木沙漠公路防护林地乔木状沙拐枣（Calligonum arborescens）同化枝、梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）同化枝和多枝柽柳（Tamarix ramosissima）枝凋落物在施肥处理下的分解及养分释放特征进行研究。结果表明：经过420d的分解，3种凋落物质量残留率在对照（不施肥）、施用氮肥、施用磷钾复合肥处理间存在显著性差异（P< 0.05）。乔木状沙拐枣同化枝、梭梭同化枝和多枝柽柳枝在对照处理下的质量残留率分别为56.95%、31.32%和50.24%。施肥处理下3种凋落物均呈现出梭梭同化枝分解速率最快，多枝柽柳枝次之，乔木状沙拐枣同化枝分解最慢。施用磷钾复合肥极显著提高了3种凋落物的分解速率（P < 0.01）；施用氮肥则促进多枝柽柳枝的分解，抑制乔木状沙拐枣和梭梭同化枝的分解。凋落物分解过程中，对照组3种植物凋落物的C、N、P和K元素均呈现净释放状态；施肥后凋落物的N、P和K元素呈现出富集-释放的模式。凋落物初始P含量和C/N、C/P比值是分解初期的主导因素，初始K、木质素、纤维素含量和C/N、木质素/N比值是分解后期的主要控制因素。研究表明，施肥显著影响沙漠公路防护林地表凋落物的分解，增加防护林地表凋落物的养分归还量，延后养分释放的时间，改善塔里木沙漠公路防护林地的土壤肥力。凋落物初始C/N比值是预测塔里木沙漠凋落物分解的重要因素，且不同分解时期影响凋落物分解的初始化学组成有所差异。
Hits
Hits
Downloads
Comment