按提交时间
按主题分类
按作者
按机构
  • 新融合视域下全情报能力人才培养模式创新研究

    分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2024-06-13 合作期刊: 《高校图书馆工作》

    摘要: “新融合”作为《情报学与情报工作发展南京共识》(简称《南京共识》)中大情报观的重要论点,成为 中国特色情报学学科体系、学术体系及话语体系构建与发展的核心要义,也对情报人才的定位和培养提出了 新的思路与方向。本文旨在突破传统情报人才培养模式,依托全情报能力框架探索构建应用型高层次情报 人才培养新模式。文章采用文献研究、定量与定性相结合、对比及类比等分析方法,对《南京共识》发布前后 国内情报人才培养相关文献进行动态分析研究,再从全情报能力框架出发,结合国内外人才培养先进经验及 政策发展轨迹,总结提炼应用通路,探索构建全情报能力人才培养体系。新融合视域下的全情报能力人才培 养体系着重在课程设置、学科体系、应用领域、关键技术及关联资源等方面实现跨主体、跨时空、跨基础的多 维度合作,以期形成良性反哺效应,在新技术、新思想共同影响下,快速全面发挥全情报能力人才“ 耳目尖兵 参谋”作用。

  • 我国高校图书馆科学数据服务研究进展、热点与展望

    分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2024-06-13 合作期刊: 《高校图书馆工作》

    摘要: 结合文献计量法与可视化分析法,从发文趋势、核心研究力量等方面对我国高校图书馆科学数据服 务研究进行文献计量分析。文章运用CiteSpace 软件对该领域热点进行关键词共现、突现、演化和聚类等知识 图谱分析,从高校图书馆功能角度出发,全面梳理科学数据周期管理、科学数据服务模式、科学数据素养教育 和科学数据基础保障等方面的研究热点及主题分布。最后从国家政策、高校发展、科研创新、图书馆服务和 馆员职业能力5 个层面,提出我国高校图书馆科学数据服务领域的研究展望。

  • “ 双一流” 高校图书馆空间再造服务调查研究

    分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2024-06-13 合作期刊: 《高校图书馆工作》

    摘要: 空间再造是高校图书馆适应用户需求所进行的转型升级。通过网络调研以及问卷调研的方式,以 教育部发布的第一轮42 所“双一流” 高校图书馆为主要研究对象,从空间种类、空间服务功能、空间设备配 置、空间预约形式、空间使用规则、空间开放时间等方面,对“双一流”高校图书馆空间再造的服务现状进行分 析。研究发现目前“双一流”高校图书馆空间再造服务取得了一定的成效,但仍存在宣传推广不足、服务功能 不够丰富、设备配置有待优化、管理制度不够完善等问题。基于用户需求,文章提出加强宣传推广、完善管理 制度、加强服务团队建设、丰富空间服务内容以及注重用户需求与体验等改善策略。

  • 读屏时代高校图书馆文献流通率提升路径探析

    分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2024-06-13 合作期刊: 《高校图书馆工作》

    摘要: 读屏时代传统纸质阅读受到巨大冲击,高校图书馆文献流通率趋于下降,提升文献流通率成为业内 关注的焦点,开展读屏时代高校图书馆文献流通率的研究具有一定的理论和实践价值。文章采用文献研究 法、社会调查法、比较研究法等,深入分析“ 读纸” “ 读屏” 的社会认知以及“ 读屏” 对高校馆藏文献流通的影 响,指出高校图书馆文献流通面临的困境。基于 “读屏”“读纸” 两种阅读方式及其影响,文章指出,“读屏时 代”改变的是阅读载体和读者获取信息的方式,读者对目标信息的需求仍旧不变,“读纸”“读屏”两者可以共 存共融发展。构建文献资源适宜性评价体系、增加文献资源有效供给和合理引导读者需求是“读屏时代” 高 校图书馆提升文献流通率的重要路径。

  • 新时代高校红色文化资源的开发与利用研究———以广东省“双一流”高校图书馆为例

    分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2024-06-13 合作期刊: 《高校图书馆工作》

    摘要: 红色文化资源的开发与利用研究有助于挖掘红色文献资源、传播红色文化、传承红色基因、助推文 化强国建设。文章采用网络调研、实地调研等方法,以广东省8 所“双一流” 高校图书馆为例,从红色文献资 源、红色文化活动和红色文化空间3 个方面调研高校图书馆红色文化资源的开发和利用现状。研究发现高校 图书馆存在红色文献资源开发力度较弱、红色文化活动推广效果较差和红色文化空间影响范围较小等3 个方 面的问题。通过加大投入力度、创新宣传方式和彰显文化自信等方式,提高广东省“双一流”高校图书馆红色 文化资源的开发利用能力。

  • 农民读书会促进乡村阅读高质量发展研究———来自浙江平湖的探索与实践

    分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2024-06-13 合作期刊: 《高校图书馆工作》

    摘要: 在推进全民阅读和乡村文化振兴的当下,鼓励和引导农村居民参与阅读,推进乡村阅读高质量发展 备受业界关注。近年来,政府、社会对农村阅读设施的建设投入和服务力度不断加大。但不可否认的是,农 村阅读设施利用率普遍偏低,农村居民的阅读参与率仍然不高。文章通过调研我国农村公共阅读现状,分析 面临的问题,介绍了浙江省平湖市农民读书会促进乡村阅读发展的个案,从农民读书会的定位、组织架构、具 体做法、产生的社会效益和发展效果评估等多方面阐述,为全国各地推广基层阅读提供经验和借鉴。

  • 新文科背景下BOPPPS 教学模式在信息资源管理课程中的应用研究

    分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2024-06-13 合作期刊: 《高校图书馆工作》

    摘要: 针对新文科背景下信息资源管理课程教学效果不佳的问题,将BOPPPS 教学模式引入信息资源管 理的教学中,推动信息资源管理课程教学改革。通过构建基于BOPPPS 的信息资源管理课程教学模式理论框 架,并应用到福州大学信息资源管理课程的具体教学实践中,以信息资源内容管理的信息检索小节为例,详 细阐述了BOPPPS 教学模式在课前、课中及课后的应用。研究发现,采用BOPPPS 教学模式的信息资源管理 课程教学效果较好。文章对基于BOPPPS 的信息资源管理课程教学模式进行反思,提出了完善课程教学的 建议。

  • 《国际图联2021 年度报告》内容解析与启示

    分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2024-06-13 合作期刊: 《高校图书馆工作》

    摘要: 国际图联始终致力于引领和推动全球图书馆事业的发展。2022 年底,《国际图联2021 年度报告》正 式发布,以“图书馆和信息行业的全球声音”为主题,从增强图书馆的全球话语权、引领和加强专业实践、连接 和赋能行业领域、优化组织结构4 个方面总结了国际图联在2021 年的主要贡献。文章通过解析《国际图联 2021 年度报告》的主要内容,为我国图书馆未来发展及更好融入世界舞台提供了相应启示,即:继续强化图书 馆的社会责任、更多体现图书馆服务的专业性、增强图书馆之间的连接、不断提升馆员的技能与优势。

  • 资源编排视角下我国读书会联盟现状调查与分析

    分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2024-06-13 合作期刊: 《高校图书馆工作》

    摘要: 从资源编排视角出发,以资源结构化、资源能力化和资源杠杆化为分析框架,通过网络调查和内容 分析法,对我国30 个读书会联盟建设状况进行调查。结果发现:我国读书会联盟在建设主体上以图书馆居 多;在建设方式上包括合同型、中心合作型和联合合作型三种;读书会联盟通过目标宗旨、组织模式、成员管 理机制和运营管理制度实现资源结构化,通过增强资源拥有能力和提升价值共创能力显示资源能力化结果, 通过资源编排撬动机会,促进了阅读成效和品牌建设成效。不过目前仍存在不足,需要完善联盟管理机制, 提升联盟结构化质量;促进联盟资源整合与共享,保障资源能力化发展;提升活动成效,促进联盟资源价值 发挥。

  • 感官觉醒驱动下的“ 森林感” 阅读空间设计分析———以日本那须盐原市图书馆为例

    分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2024-06-13 合作期刊: 《高校图书馆工作》

    摘要: 空间设计在公共图书馆高质量发展过程中扮演着越来越重要的角色,以用户为中心的多感官体验 设计成为新的研究议题。日本那须盐原市图书馆设计富有“森林感” 的阅读空间,通过多感官的刺激激发受 众的学习欲望,为公众带来了新的认知。文章以该馆空间设计实践为例,分析了“森林感”阅读空间对用户多 种感官的影响,通过归纳演绎法探索空间环境对用户在感觉、情感、认知方面所带来的动态变化及影响,发掘 公共图书馆在空间设计和再设计方面的创新契机。在未来公共图书馆空间设计过程中,应该以增强用户体 验感为中心的空间设计理念作为设计思路,从精心营造环境美学、周到顾及受众体验、科学设置感官节点、合 理规划空间布局等方面入手,构建美观、舒适、科学的阅读空间。

  • 基于熵值-偏序集模型的高校图书馆哔哩哔哩视频账号影响力研究

    分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2024-06-13 合作期刊: 《高校图书馆工作》

    摘要: 高校图书馆运用现代信息技术提升服务效能成为大势所趋,通过研究高校图书馆新媒体平台视频 账号影响力水平,有利于促进高校图书馆信息情报服务的高质量发展。文章以23 所官方认证的高校图书馆 哔哩哔哩视频账号为研究样本,从活跃性、互动性、喜爱度以及内容丰富性4 个维度构建了高校图书馆哔哩哔 哩视频账号影响力评价指标体系。然后采用熵值法加偏序集的方法进行评价,获得各高校图书馆视频账号 影响力的哈斯图及线性排序结果。并从评价指标的4 个维度提出了提升高校图书馆视频账号影响力的具体 建议,以期为用户提供更加优质的服务。

  • 2013—2021 年《国际图联趋势报告》的解析、比较及启示

    分类: 其他 >> 综合 提交时间: 2024-06-13 合作期刊: 《高校图书馆工作》

    摘要: 文章对国际图书馆协会联合会发布的6 份《国际图联趋势报告》进行对比与分析,为国内图书馆的 转型发展提供参考及建议。重点解读《国际图联趋势报告2021 年新进展》所提到的20 个趋势,分析历年报告 包括的6 个内容模块、5 大要点以及关键可行性措施,并对图书馆的发展要素进行思考。

  • The outermost edges of the Milky Way halo from galaxy kinematics

    分类: 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间: 2023-02-19

    摘要: We measure for the first time the outermost edges of the Milky Way (MW) halo in terms of the depletion and turnaround radii. The inner depletion radius, $r_\mathrm{id}$, identified at the location of maximum infall velocity, separates a growing halo from the draining environment, while the turnaround radius, $r_\mathrm{ta}$, marks the outermost edge of infalling material towards the halo, both of which are located well outside the virial radius. Using the motions of nearby dwarf galaxies within $3\mathrm{Mpc}$, we obtain a marginal detection of the infall zone around the MW with a maximum velocity of $v_\mathrm{inf, max}=-46_{-39}^{+24}\mathrm{km s^{-1}}$. This enables us to measure $r_\mathrm{id}=559\pm 107 \mathrm{kpc}$ and $r_\mathrm{ta}=839\pm 121 \mathrm{kpc}$. The measured depletion radius is about 1.5 times the MW virial radius ($R_\mathrm{200m}$) measured from internal dynamics. Compared with halos in the cosmological simulation Illustris TNG100, the factor 1.5 is consistent with that of halos with similar masses and dynamical environments to the MW but slightly smaller than typical values of Local Group analogs, potentially indicating the unique evolution history of the MW. These measurements of halo edges directly quantify the ongoing evolution of the MW outer halo and provide constraints on the current dynamical state of the MW that are independent from internal dynamics.

  • Early Solar System instability triggered by dispersal of the gaseous disk

    分类: 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间: 2023-02-19

    摘要: The Solar System's orbital structure is thought to have been sculpted by an episode of dynamical instability among the giant planets. However, the instability trigger and timing have not been clearly established. Hydrodynamical modeling has shown that while the Sun's gaseous protoplanetary disk was present the giant planets migrated into a compact orbital configuration in a chain of resonances. Here we use dynamical simulations to show that the giant planets' instability was likely triggered by the dispersal of the gaseous disk. As the disk evaporated from the inside-out, its inner edge swept successively across and dynamically perturbed each planet's orbit in turn. The associated orbital shift caused a dynamical compression of the exterior part of the system, ultimately triggering instability. The final orbits of our simulated systems match those of the Solar System for a viable range of astrophysical parameters. The giant planet instability therefore took place as the gaseous disk dissipated, constrained by astronomical observations to be a few to ten million years after the birth of the Solar System. Terrestrial planet formation would not complete until after such an early giant planet instability; the growing terrestrial planets may even have been sculpted by its perturbations, explaining the small mass of Mars relative to Earth.

  • An effective field theory of holographic dark energy

    分类: 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间: 2023-02-19

    摘要: A general covariant local field theory of the holographic dark energy model is presented. It turns out the low energy effective theory of the holographic dark energy is the massive gravity theory whose graviton has 3 polarisations, including one scalar mode and two tensor modes. The Compton wavelength is the size of the future event horizon of the universe. The UV-IR correspondence in the holographic dark energy model stems from the scalar graviton's strong coupling at the energy scale that marks the breaking down of the effective field theory.

  • Strategies to reduce the thermoelastic loss of multimaterial coated finite substrates

    分类: 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间: 2023-02-19

    摘要: Thermoelastic loss is one of the main energy dissipation mechanisms in resonant systems. A careful analysis of the thermoelastic loss is critical to design low-noise resonators for high-precision applications, such as gravitational-wave detectors. This paper presents an analytical solution to the thermoelastic loss in multimaterial coated finite substrates with realistic assumptions on the model structure and the elastic fields. The mechanism responsible for thermoelastic loss is taken as a function of material properties, operating temperature and frequency, and other design parameters. We calculate the thermoelastic loss for specific applications over a wide range of frequencies (1 Hz to 10 GHz) and temperatures (1 K to 300 K), and for a variety of substrate and coating materials. The result is relevant for gravitational-wave detectors and for experiments sensitive to mechanical dissipation.

  • Machine Learning for Discovering Effective Interaction Kernels between Celestial Bodies from Ephemerides

    分类: 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间: 2023-02-19

    摘要: Building accurate and predictive models of the underlying mechanisms of celestial motion has inspired fundamental developments in theoretical physics. Candidate theories seek to explain observations and predict future positions of planets, stars, and other astronomical bodies as faithfully as possible. We use a data-driven learning approach, extending that developed in Lu et al. ($2019$) and extended in Zhong et al. ($2020$), to a derive stable and accurate model for the motion of celestial bodies in our Solar System. Our model is based on a collective dynamics framework, and is learned from the NASA Jet Propulsion Lab's development ephemerides. By modeling the major astronomical bodies in the Solar System as pairwise interacting agents, our learned model generate extremely accurate dynamics that preserve not only intrinsic geometric properties of the orbits, but also highly sensitive features of the dynamics, such as perihelion precession rates. Our learned model can provide a unified explanation to the observation data, especially in terms of reproducing the perihelion precession of Mars, Mercury, and the Moon. Moreover, Our model outperforms Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation in all cases and performs similarly to, and exceeds on the Moon, the Einstein-Infeld-Hoffman equations derived from Einstein's theory of general relativity.

  • Slow Neutron-Capture Process: Low-mass AGB stars and presolar silicon carbide grains

    分类: 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间: 2023-02-19

    摘要: Presolar grains are microscopic dust grains that formed in the stellar winds or explosions of ancient stars that died before the formation of the solar system. The majority (~90% in number) of presolar silicon carbide (SiC) grains, including types mainstream (MS), Y, and Z, came from low-mass C-rich asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, which is supported by the ubiquitous presence of SiC dust observed in the circumstellar envelope of AGB stars and the signatures of slow neutron-capture process preserved in these grains. Here, we review the status of isotope studies of presolar AGB SiC grains with an emphasis on heavy-element isotopes and highlight the importance of presolar grain studies for nuclear astrophysics. We discuss the sensitives of different types of nuclei to varying AGB stellar parameters and how their abundances in presolar AGB SiC grains can be used to provide independent, detailed constraints on stellar parameters, including 13C formation, stellar temperature, and nuclear reaction rates.

  • Using the Climate App to learn about Planetary Habitability and Climate Change

    分类: 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间: 2023-02-19

    摘要: Simple climate models have been around for more than a century but have recently come back into fashion: they are useful for explaining global warming and the habitability of extrasolar planets. The Climate App (https://www.climateapp.ca) is an interactive web-based application that describes the radiative transfer governing planetary climate. The App is currently available in French and English and is suitable for teaching high-school through college students, or public outreach. The beginner version can be used to explore the greenhouse effect and planetary albedo, sufficient for explaining anthropogenic climate change, the Faint Young Sun Paradox, the habitability of TRAPPIST planets and other simple scenarios. There is also an advanced option with more atmospheric layers and incorporating the absorption and scattering of shortwave radiation for students and educators wishing a deeper dive into atmospheric radiative transfer. A number of pedagogical activities are being beta tested and rolled out.

  • Messenger Monte-Carlo MAPPINGS V (M^3) -- A self-consistent three-dimensional photoionization code

    分类: 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间: 2023-02-19

    摘要: The Messenger Interface Monte-Carlo Mappings V (M^3) is a photoionization code adopting the fully self-consistent Monte-Carlo radiative transfer technique, which presents a major advance over previous photoionization models with simple geometries. M^3 is designed for modeling nebulae in arbitrary three-dimensional geometries. In this paper, we describe the Monte-Carlo radiative transfer technique and the microphysics implemented in M^3, including the photoionization, collisional ionization, the free-free and free-bound recombination, and two-photon radiation. We put M^3 through the Lexington/Meudon benchmarks to test the reliability of the new code. We apply M^3 to three HII region models with fiducial geometries, demonstrating that M^3 is capable of dealing with nebulae with complex geometries. M^3 is a promising tool for understanding emission-line behavior in the era of SDSS-V/LVM and JWST, which will provide high-quality data of spatially-resolved nearby HII regions and highly turbulent local and high-redshift HII regions.