Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Halophila beccarii is one of the sea grass species with a global risk of extinction and was listed as a vulnerable (VL) species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). To provide scientific evidence for the conservation, management, and restoration of the threatening seagrass H. beccarii, the temporal and spatial distribution pattern and their relationship between the soil seed bank and the sexual reproduction (male and female flowers density) of H. beccarii along the coasts of southern China, were studied. The results were as 基金项目：国家自然科学基金(32170399)；自治区直属公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(2022GMRC-01，2022GMRC-02)；follows: (1) There were significant differences in the density of the male and the female flowers between the sampling sites, with notably higher densities at Yifengxi and Zhao’an than other sites. And these monitored parameters exhibited marked seasonal fluctuations, with a peak in spring or autumn. (2) The highest soil seed bank density was observed at Huachangwan, followed by Yangpu, while relatively low densities were investigated at other sites. Moreover, soil seed bank density exhibited considerable heterogeneity and seasonal changes across all sites. (3) Linear regression analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between soil seed bank density and male flower density(P<0.05), while the correlation with female flower density was not significant(P>0.05). (4) Seasonal change was the primary factor influencing soil seed bank density in H. beccarii based on the results of the structural equation modeling (SEM). The direct effect of seasonal changes on soil seed bank density (0.16) was greater than the indirect effects (0.008). This research is of great significance for a deeper understanding of the establishment, renewal, regeration, and reproductive mechanisms of the H. beccarii population.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Aspidistra xuansonensis var. violiflora is reported here as a newly recorded taxa for the first time in China from the karst region of Yunnan Province. It is similar to A. saxicola Y. Wan, but differs by its stamens are inserted at the lower part of perigone tube, the stigma surface white, irregular wavy at margin. A. xuansonensis var. xuansonensis and A. xuansonensis var. violiflora were previously known only from the Xuan Son National Park, Phu Tho Province, Vietnam. Recently, we found A. xuansonensis var. violiflora in Hekou Yao Autonomous County, Yunnan Province, China on the Sino-Vietnamese border, collected specimens and introduced plants. The new discovery enriches the diversity for the genus Aspidistra in China, which has some biogeographical significance for the study of Aspidistra in Sino-Vietnamese border areas, as well as also provides potential resources for the development of this genus in landscaping and horticulture. Detailed characteristic descriptions, pollen morphology and color plates are provided for identification, and the changes in flower color of the genus Aspidistra were discussed.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The WRKY family is one of the largest families of transcription factors in higher plants. Previous studies have found that WRKY family genes play an important role in the response of Pinus massoniana to insect pests, growth and development, and drought stress. In order to further study the biological function of WRKY family genes and the response to exogenous hormones, the bioinformatics characteristics of PmWRKY2 and PmWRKY6 genes were analyzed, and the expression patterns of PmWRKY2 and PmWRKY6 genes under exogenous hormones and calcium ion treatment such as ABA, SA, MeJA and GA were studied by qPCR. The results were as follows: (1) PmWRKY2 and PmWRKY6 proteins encoded 667 and 575 amino acids, respectively, and the subcells were located in the nucleus, and the N-terminus of the two genes contained a highly conserved WRKYGQK heptapeptide structure, and the C-terminus contained a zinc finger structure, which belonged to the WRKY transcription factor family. (2) In terms of evolutionary relationship, PmWRKY2 protein and PmWRKY6 protein were most closely related to PtXG20020.1 and Pt2G29990.1 proteins, which were also gymnosperm Pinus tabuliformis. (3) Compared with CK, the expression of PmWRKY2 and PmWRKY6 genes could be significantly induced by the four hormone treatments and the corresponding Ca2+ treatment, and their expression levels reached the peak in the late treatment period. The expression of PmWRKY2 gene was significantly induced in the early stage of Ca2+ treatment, and there was no significant difference between the expression of PmWRKY2 gene in the late treatment and the control, while the expression level of PmWRKY6 gene was significantly higher than that of the control during the whole treatment. These results show that both PmWRKY2 and PmWRKY6 genes can respond to different exogenous signaling substances, but the expression patterns are different.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
WENG Jie
LIU Ying
ZHANG Tangjie
YANG Shuyu
WU Jincheng
LIU Hongcun
MENG Juan
JIANG Mingguo
YANG Lifang
Abstract： In order to study the secondary metabolites and antifungal activities of Mangrove-derived actinomyces Streptomyces sporoverrucosus 33510 in Guangxi. Silica gel column chromatography, ODS reversed phase column chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography combined with various chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the fermentation extract of Actinomyces No. 2 medium of this strain. The structures of compounds were identified by spectral technique and literature comparison. In addition, the antifungal activity of these compounds were tested by Disk Diffusion Assay. The results were as follows: (1) Ten compounds were isolated from fermentation cultures of Streptomyces sporoverrucosus 33510 and identified as cyclo(L-isoleucyl-L-prolyl-L-leucyl- L-prolyl) (1), matsudipeptide B (2), cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) (3), cyclo(Leu-Ile) (4), N-acetyltyramine (5), isoleucine (6), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (7), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid (8), 2-minaline (9), 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (10). Compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 10 were all isolated for the first time from this strain. (2) The activity test results indicated that compound 6 exhibited high sensitivity against the Cryphonectria parasitica at a concentration of 0.2 mmol·L-1, and the effect was superior to that of the positive control group. In this paper, the activity of Compound 6 against C. parasitica was reported for the first time. This study further enriched the structural diversity of secondary metabolites produced by the mangrove-derived actinomycete Streptomyces sporoverrucosus 33510 in Guangxi, China. The antifungal components of strain 33510 were identified, providing a theoretical basis for the subsequent development and utilization of antifungal pesticides.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Aim to optimize the extraction process of total triterpenes from Sanghuangporus sanghuang, purify the total triterpenes, analyze its chemical composition, as well as its antitumor and antioxidant activities. This study first used the response surface method to optimize the extraction process of total triterpenes from S. sanghuang. Secondly, D101 macroporous resin and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography were used to purify the total triterpenes. Meanwhile UHPLC-ESI-MS technology was used to analyze the composition of triterpenes, Finally, the anti-tumor and antioxidant activities of total triterpenes were studied by the methods of CCK8, DPPH and ABTS. The results were as follows: (1) The optimal conditions were extraction time 55, ultrasonic temperature 45 ℃, ethanol concentration 75% and a liquid-solid ratio of 35:1 (mL·g-1). Under these conditions, the total triterpene content was 10.34 mg·g-1. (2) The purity of Fraction a (Fa) was increased by 3.8 times to 47.98%. Eight triterpene components were identified from Fa: glycyrrhetinic acid, xibutanone, ursolic acid, euphorbiol, 24, 25-dihydrolanosterol, soya saponin B, lanosterol and cratonic acid. (3) The inhibition rate of Fa on PC3 was 68.65% at 200 μg·mL-1, which was higher than that of 5-fluorouracil (66.3%). Fa exhibited high DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities with IC50 values of 42.76 and 66.24 μg·mL-1, respectively. This study provides a theoretical foundation for further research and utilization of total triterpenes from S. sanghuang.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To investigate the molecular mechanisms of spot formation in Paeonia delavayi petals, this study used yellow petals of P. delavayi with and without spots as experimental materials. Utilizing the Illumina platform for transcriptome sequencing and the UPLC system for metabolome analysis, the key differential genes and transcription factors affecting spot formation in P. delavayi were screened. This provides a scientific basis for developing efficient breeding techniques for P. delavayi. The results showed that: (1) The transcriptome sequencing yielded 63,981 Unigenes with an average length of 805bp, and 68.24% of these Unigenes were annotated. A total of 19,496 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, of which 41 DEGs were involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. Among these, the DFR, CHS, and CHI structural genes showed significant differential expression. Among the 37 MYB transcription factors identified, one R2R3 MYB transcription factor, PdMYB30, was found to play a significant role in promoting spot formation. (2) Targeted analysis using the UPLC-MS/MS platform detected 44 anthocyanin compounds. (3) The expression trends of differentially expressed genes identified by RNA-seq were consistent with the qRT-PCR results.In summary, the formation of spots in P. delavayi is mainly influenced by anthocyanins. The transcription factor PdMYB30 is positively correlated with the structural genes CHS, CHI, and DFR during the B-S1 stage due to their similar high expression levels. It is predicted that PdMYB30 may act as a positive regulator in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, enhancing the expression levels of structural genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, thereby promoting the accumulation of anthocyanins in the plant.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Excentrodendron tonkinense is a national second-class protected plant and also an endangered (EN) species. To facilitate the cultivation and propagation of E. tonkinense seedlings and mitigate the species’ endangered status, this study utilized two-year-old E. tonkinense cutting seedlings as experimental subjects. Employing a two-factor experimental design approach, the study conducted fertilization experiments with varying nitrogen-to-calcium ratios. The aim was to investigate the impacts of different nitrogen-to-calcium ratios on the growth and physiological traits of E. tonkinense seedlings, thereby providing a scientific foundation for the efficient cultivation and maintenance of this species. The results were as follows: (1) There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth and physiological characteristics of E. tonkinense seedlings. The T5 (N2Ca2) treatment exhibited the greatest enhancements in seedling height and ground diameter, suggesting that a fertilization regimen with medium nitrogen and medium calcium levels may promote the growth and maturation of E. tonkinense seedlings. (2) The intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), total chlorophyll (Chl), and carotenoid (Car) contents of seedlings of E. tonkinense in the T5 treatment were all the highest, indicating that the fertilization of calcium in medium nitrogen is beneficial for promoting the transport and accumulation of photosynthetic products in E. tonkinense seedlings and enhancing their photosynthesis. (3) The soluble sugar (SS), soluble protein (SP) content, and SOD activity of E. tonkinense seedlings in the T5 treatment were the highest, while the free proline (Pro) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of E. tonkinense seedlings in the T8 treatment were the lowest. Through a comprehensive analysis of growth metrics, physiological indicators and subordination function, it can be inferred that the T5 (N2Ca2) nitrogen calcium synergistic treatment (with N and Ca dosages of 16 g‧plant-1 and 24 g‧plant-1, respectively) shows the best growth performance of E. tonkinense seedlings, making it the optimal fertilization combination for this study.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The miR167 family is a conserved microRNA (miRNA) family in plants, which plays a vital role in regulating plant growth, development, and stress response. To clarify the function of wheat miR167 under abiotic stress, the Tae-miR167 family sequences in wheat were identified and analyzed. The differential expression profiles of mature Tae-miR167 in various wheat organs and in response to abiotic stresses were analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The precursor sequence of Tae-miR167c was cloned, and its role in drought response was investigated through over-expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. The results were as follows: (1) The Tae-miR167 family comprised 18 members, which give rise to three mature miRNA sequences. Tae-miR167 exhibited a characteristic hairpin structure. (2) Tae-miR167 was expressed in most wheat organs, with relatively higher expression levels observed in roots, leaves, and seeds. The expression of mature Tae-miR167b and Tae-miR167c were up-regulated in response to low temperature treatment and PEG-induced drought stress, respectively. (3) Seedlings over-expression Tae-miR167c exhibited significantly enhanced germination rates and root lengths under drought stress. Additionally, the drought tolerance of these transgenic seedlings was improved, and significant increases were observed in water content, soluble sugar content, and chlorophyll content. (4) Target gene prediction indicated that Tae-miR167c could bind to an F-box protein, thereby participating in the regulation of stress response. In conclusion, miR167c was significantly up-regulated under drought stress, and transgenic lines over-expression Tae-miR167c enhanced tolerance to drought stress. This study enhances the understanding of the function of wheat miR167 and provides novel genetic resources for wheat germplasm innovation.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To investigate the function of protease inhibitor genes in rice defense against herbivorous insects, the coding sequence of the protease gene OCPI2 from the rice variety ‘Zhonghua11’ was cloned. The sequence characteristics of OCPI2 were analyzed, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using bioinformatics software. Real-time quantitative PCR was utilized to examine the expression characteristics of OCPI2 under herbivorous insect feeding and plant hormone treatment. The results were as follows: (1) The coding region of OCPI2 was 219 bp, encoding a protein of 72 amino acids. The OCPI2 protein had a molecular weight of 7.72 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 5.21, with no signal peptide and no transmembrane structure. (2) The OCPI2 protein was closely related to the homologous protein in Triticum urartu (EMS61613.1). (3) The OCPI2 protein contained a potato_inhibit conserved domain and belonged to the serine protease inhibitor family. (4) The expression of OCPI2 was induced by feeding from the rice striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis) and the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), mechanical damage, and methyl salicylate treatment, whereas methyl jasmonate treatment consistently suppressed OCPI2 expression. Taken together, these results suggest that OCPI2 may be involved in the induced defense response of rice to herbivorous insects. This study provides a theoretical basis for an deeper understanding of the function of OCPI2 in rice defense against insect herbivores.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Dunaliella is a green salt-tolerant single-cell microalga that can accumulate significant amounts of precious products such as carotenoids, lipids, and proteins. It has promising potential for use in medicine, food, and bioenergy. This paper provides an overview of basic biological research on Dunaliella, including its fundamental characteristics and the effects of light, temperature, pH, salinity, nutrient element, and plant growth regulatory substance on its growth and substance accumulation. In addition, this paper summarizes the advancements in molecular biology research on Dunaliella. These studies serve as theoretical and technical reference for Dunaliella’s large-scale cultivation and genetic breeding. Additionally, this paper systematically reviews the development and application of Dunaliella and its bioactive components in medicine, food and bioenergy. This section elaborates on the application value of Dunaliella and guides its comprehensive development and utilization. This section elaborates on the application value of Dunaliella from several perspectives, and provides a reference for its comprehensive development and utilization of Dunaliella. Lastly, this paper looks ahead to future research directions that promote industry cost reduction and benefit increase through innovation in breeding modes, optimization of cultivation conditions and production processes, genetic engineering breeding, strengthening achievement transformation, and promoting the application of Dunaliella in highvalue healthcare fields through safety, pharmacological, and clinical studies.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： To explore the impact of different intercropped trees on fungal communities in tea garden soils in southern Henan, the study took the tea garden soils intercropped with Castanea mollissima, C. seguinii and Cunninghamia lanceolata in Xinyang, Henan as the test objects. It used indoor chemical experiments and high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the chemical properties of tea garden soil, fungal community structure and their relationship with soil nutrients under different intercropping patterns. The results were as follows: (1) The fungal species abundance and diversity in the tea garden soil intercropped with Castanea seguinii and Cunninghamia lanceolata were significantly higher than those intercropped with Castanea mollissima, and there were significant differences in fungal community composition among the three. (2) In terms of fungal community structure, the tea gardens intercropped with C. seguinii and Cunninghamia lanceolata exhibited high similarity. Further analysis revealed that Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were the main fungal phyla in the soil of the three intercropped tea gardens. Among them, the relative abundance of Basidiomycota was higher in the tea garden soil intercropped with Castanea mollissima and Cunninghamia lanceolata, while Ascomycota dominated in the tea garden intercropped with Castanea seguinii. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Russula and Mortierella in the tea garden soil intercropped with Castanea mollissima was significantly higher than the other two intercropping types. (3) The study also found a significant correlation between the chemical properties of the tea garden soil and the fungal community structure. There were significant differences in nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus contents in the soil of tea gardens intercropped with different trees, which further influenced the distribution and structure of the fungal community. (4) In terms of fungal trophic types, the soil fungi in the tea gardens intercropped with Castanea mollissima and Cunninghamia lanceolata were dominated by ectomycorrhizal fungi, while those in the tea garden intercropped with Castanea seguinii were primarily undefined saprotrophic fungi. In summary, significant differences exist in the composition, diversity, and functions of fungal communities in the soil of tea gardens intercropped with Castanea mollissima, C. seguinii, and Cunninghamia lanceolata in southern Henan. These findings provide scientific evidence for the selection of intercropped tree species in tea gardens, contributing to the optimization of the ecological environment and the improvement of tea quality.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Identifying the impacts of climate change on the geographical distribution of plant species is crucial for biodiversity conservation and adaptation to climate change. Here, 220 literatures published since 2010 on the changes in geographical distribution of plant species under future climate change scenarios in China were collected, and the research progress on the changes in geographical distribution ranges of plant species under future climate change scenarios was reviewed, the deficiencies and problems were discussed, and the future research directions were suggested. The results were as follows: (1) Since 2010, the geographical distribution changes of 1 058 plant species in China under future climate change scenarios were analyzed. There were 636 plant species with clear information of changes in their geographical distribution under future climate change scenarios. (2) Among 518 species of angiosperms, 195 species showed an increasing trend and 245 species showed a decreasing trend for the geographical distributions under the future climate change scenario. Among 57 gymnosperms, 12 species showed an increasing trend and 38 species showed a decreasing trend for the geographical distribution ranges. The distribution range of one species of fern showed an increasing trend. Among the 60 species of bryophytes, 53 species showed a decreasing trend and seven species showed an increasing trend for their geographical distribution ranges. The geographical distributions of other plant species were characterized by inconsistent changes or lack of change information. (3) Under the climate change scenario, 137 plant species would migrate to the northwest, north, and northeast regions, 19 species would migrate to high latitude and high altitude regions, 125 species would move only to high latitude, and other plant species showed different directions or local migration trends. (4) Under the future climate change scenario, about 32 angiosperms, 42 gymnosperms and 48 bryophyte species would face the risk of losing total geographical distribution range with the probability of greater than 0.6, while about 57 angiosperms and 96 gymnosperms would face the risk of total loss of their geographical distributional ranges without considering the probability. Research deficiencies include: (1) The number of plant species studied was still inadequate; (2) The selection of climate change scenarios and models was single; (3) The lack of comprehensive consideration of climate and other environmental factors and the comparative study of multiple models; (4) The lack of risk analysis of the loss of geographical distributions under future climate change scenarios. In the future, while enriching the study on geographical distributions under future climate change scenarios for many plant species, it is necessary to strengthen the use of multiple climate change scenarios, develop niche models suitable for China's regional conditions, carry out comparative studies on the geographical distribution changes of various plant species under different climate change scenarios, and strengthen the analysis of the risk of loss of plant geographical distribution ranges under future climate change scenarios.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Conducting research on β-diversity (beta diversity) and its components, which reflect spatial or temporal variations in species composition among communities, helps to improve the understanding and knowledge of community structure and its maintenance mechanisms. The herbaceous layer of forest is an important part of forest community and forest ecosystem. Although some studies have been conducted on β-diversity of the understory herbaceous plant communities, there is still a lack of consensus on the proportion of β-diversity components such as turnover and nestedness components, as well as the influencing factors and the extent of their impact on β-diversity. This study is based on the survey data of herbaceous layer plant communities from 168 natural forest plots in Henan Province. It analyzed the β-diversity patterns of herbaceous layer in natural forests in Henan Province using Jaccard dissimilarity index, variance partitioning and other methods, and quantified the relative contributions of influencing factors such as spatial distance, environmental factors, and species richness to its β-diversity. The results were as follows: (1) The total β-diversity (as measured by the Jaccard dissimilarity index) of the herbaceous layer plant communities in natural forests in Henan Province was 0.94, which is mainly derived from the species turnover component (accounting for 96.8% of the total β-diversity). (2) The total β-diversity and its species turnover component of plant communities in the herbaceous layer of natural forests in Henan province showed a significant increasing trend with increasing spatial distance, while the nestedness component showed a significant decreasing trend with increasing spatial distance. (3) Mantel test showed that spatial distance, environmental factors, and species richness all have significant effects on the total β-diversity of plant communities in the herbaceous layer of natural forests, with environmental factor, spatial distance, and species richness having the greatest, second, and least effect respectively; variance partitioning results further showed that spatial distance, environmental factors, and species richness accounting for 27.14% and 20.35% of the variation in total β-diversity and its turnover component, with environmental factors alone accounting for the most variation (10.62% of total β-diversity and 9.35% of turnover component). This study helps to enhance the understanding of the variation rules of plant composition in the herbaceous layers of natural forests and its influencing factors, thereby providing a solid scientific basis for the protection and management of forest vegetation and ecological restoration.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Annona × atemoya (Annonaceae) is an important tropical economic fruit. Carpel fusion is an important stage in its fruit development process. In order to study the ontogeny of the carpel fusion of Annona × atemoya , the present study observed its young fruits by paraffin sections and light microscopy. The results were as follows: (1) The carpel fusion happened about 1 month after pollination. Carpels at the top of the receptacle fused earlier than carpels at the bottom. The adjacent carpels firstly fused near the base of the carpels, gradually extended towards the style, and end at the stigma. (2) The fusion was caused by the dedifferentiation of epidermal cells into parenchymatous cells or special parenchymatous cells. The former happened at the top of carpels and result in a total fusion while the latter happened at the ovary end and left a boundary marks at the original epidermal site, which is a new type and incomplete postgenital fusion. These findings enrich the types of carpel fusion as well as our understanding of the early developmental characteristics of Annona × atemoya, and provide a reference for revealing the process and characteristics of carpel fusion in genus Annona.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： The presence of some unknown and specialized open reading frames (ORFs) within plant mitochondrial genomes can cause the failure of male gamete production or their abnormal fertilization, which is referred to as Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS). CMS material is of great value in the commercial production of hybrid seeds owing to their sterility effectively reduce breeding costs and enhance hybrid seed purity. With progressive investigations, new CMS materials are continuously being created through various means, with several associated sterility genes being identified and cloned. Herein, the current research on the evolution of CMS genes is throughly reviewed, as well as the exploration of common CMS materials and their responsible CMS genes. The phenotypic characteristics of CMS materials in material-energy metabolism and hormone levels are summarized. Moreover, several hypotheses concerning the molecular mechanisms of CMS are discussed and some new insights are proposed based on the recent empirical evidence. This review aims to assist in integrating the current research on cytoplasmic male sterility and contributing to more profound theoretical and experimental investigations in the future.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Supplementing clones in seed orchards with limited or missing clones represents a crucial scientific management strategy. This research focused on the clonal seed orchard of Pinus elliottii at Nanning’s Forestry Research Institute, examining how additional clones influence the orchard's genetic diversity to offer insights for its scientific management. Utilizing 16 SSR marker pairs, the study assessed genetic diversity variations pre and post-clone augmentation, analyzing material genetic uniqueness and relationships through fingerprint and genetic clustering. The results were as follows: (1) Enhancing clone numbers from 18 to 50 led to a 2.24% rise in polymorphic information content, a 14.29% increase in average allele number, a 1.19% boost in average effective allele number, and a 3.84% uplift in the Shannon index. (2) It was determined that 11 SSR marker pairs could identify all 50 clones, for which fingerprint maps were established. (3) The genetic distance among these clones varied between 0.018 and 0.670, and using a 0.251 threshold, the UPGMA clustering diagram grouped them into seven categories. The study concludes that while clone supplementation enhances the genetic diversity of P. elliottii seed orchards, improvements are modest. Developing fingerprints offers a dependable method for identifying premium P. elliottii clones and analyzing seed orchard progeny parentage. The genetic clustering of established clones serves as a reference for parent selection in P. elliottii hybridization experiments, efficiently preventing inbreeding.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-08-08 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Nuclear suspension is an important foundation for a variety of molecular biology researches. To effectively prepare the nuclear suspensions of Norway spruce (Pice aabies) proembryogenic masses (PEM), PEMs of Norway spruce embryonic cell lines PaVIII, PI3, and PI5were used as the material for nuclear extraction with six lysis buffers: (LB01, Otto’s, Galbraith’s, GPB, WPB and Tris·MgCl2). Based on detecting DNA content by flow cytometry, the quantity and quality of the nuclei suspensions were evaluated to screen for the optimal buffer. Further, the integrity of nucleus and the stability of optimal buffer were measured. The results were as follows: (1) Compared with the other lysates, the number of nuclei obtained of PaVIII line PEMs from LB01 was the highest, but lower amount of cell debris. (2) In addition, coefficients of variation (CVs) of G0/G1 and G2/M nuclei, obtained from LB01, were not more than 5%. The CVs were relatively low. (3) The nuclei of different lines PEMs were extracted by LB01. There was no significant difference in the efficiency of nucleus extraction and the proportion of cell debris among the different lines. (4) The nuclear membrane of most cells maintained in a high integrity when the nuclei of Norway spruce PEMs were extracted via LB01 through morphology investigation. To sum up, compared with other buffers, LB01 is the optimal one for Norway spruce PEMs nuclear extraction, which might provide reference for nuclear extraction from gymnosperms.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-07-31 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Newly emerged twigs are the most active part of plant branching systems and are most sensitive to changes in habitat such as light and temperature. Analyzing the differences in stem and leaf characteristics of the twigs and evaluating their growth status is crucial for understanding the growth and survival strategies of plants and their adaptability mechanisms. As an evergreen broad-leaved shrub, the crown of Kandelia obovata produces a certain number of the twigs in different seasons within a year. To gain a deeper understanding of the growth status and seasonal dynamics of the twigs of Kandelia obovata, this study investigated the growth traits of the stems and leaves of the twigs. Statistical methods such as variance analysis, multiple comparisons, and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to comprehensively evaluate the growth performance of the twigs in different seasons and to explore the growth and survival strategies of mangrove plants, represented by Kandelia obovata. The results were as follows: (1) The 14 trait indicators characterizing the growth status of the twigs showed significant variation, with a coefficient of variation ranging from 13.856% to 56.469%, and a strong correlation between the indicators. (2) The growth traits of the twigs varied significantly in different seasons, with the overall performance being highest in July followed by May, March, and October. Additionally, the importance of the growth traits was ranked as follows: leaf traits > biomass > stem configuration. (3) The total weight proportion of the 7 trait indicators such as leaf density, the ratio of leaf and stem biomass, leaf number, leaf biomass, large leaf area, stem length, and leaf area ratio was 87.146%, which were the key indicators characterizing the growth status of the twigs of Kandelia obovata. In conclusion, the growth status of the twigs reflects the adaptation strategy of the tree to resource levels, influenced by external factors such as light and temperature, as well as internal growth strategies. These research results provide insight into the response of the twigs to environmental changes in different seasons and offer a reference basis for the protection and sustainable development of Kandelia obovata population.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-07-31 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： Wheat is one of three major staple crops in the world, QTL mapping and candidate gene analysis of important agronomic traits are beneficial for breeding new cultivars. In this study, the excellent wheat varieties Shumai 969 and Shumai 830 were used to construct a recombinant inbred line (F7) population consisting of 89 lines, and the reduced representation genome sequencing technology was carried out to genotype this population and its parents. In field, the phenotype of plant height, internode length, awn length, spike length, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, tiller number, effective tiller number, thousand grain weight, grain length, grain width, and grain surface area were measured. The complete interval mapping method was employed to locate the QTL sites controlling these agronomic traits. The results were as follows: (1) A total of 27 QTLs were identified. These QTLs distributed on 13 distinct chromosomes, and could elucidate 3.74% to 26.7% of the phenotype variation of the agronomic traits. Among them, the QTL in the 608.58-609.12 Mb interval on chromosome 7B controlled both plant height and panicle length, which was identified by two years. The QTL in the 519.94-528.83 Mb interval on chromosome 5A controlled both tiller number and effective tiller number, and the QTL in the 437.38-439.30 Mb interval on chromosome 5D controlled both thousand grain weight and grain surface area. 7 QTLs located in the same positions as previously reported. (2) The gene function analysis showed 2 candidate genes associated with plant height traits, 4 candidate genes linked to tiller traits, and 3 candidate genes attributed to thousand grain weight within the mapped interval. The two candidate genes of plant height encoded a leucine repeat receptor-like protein kinase and a gibberellin 2-oxidase. The candidate genes of tiller encompassed a auxin response protein, a RING/U-box superfamily protein, and two F-box proteins. The candidate genes for the thousand grain weight encoded a leucine repeat receptor-like protein kinase, a protein kinase, and a chlorophyll a-b-binding protein. The identified QTLs and predicted major genes in this research established a foundation for the meticulous mapping and cloning of the major genes controlling the correspondent agronomic traits, and benefited breeding new wheat cultivars.
Subjects: Biology >> Botany >> Applied botany submitted time 2024-07-31 Cooperative journals: 《广西植物》
Abstract： NAC transcription factors play important roles in plant growth, development, and various stress responses. However, the molecular mechanism of the RdNAC72 gene in Rhododendron delavayi involved in the heat stress response was still unclear. To investigate the the roles of the RdNAC72 gene in heat stress response, we first designed primers for cloning the full length coding sequence of the RdNAC72 gene using PCR technology. Subsequently, the gene’s structure, function, and physicochemical properties were analyzed and predicted using bioinformatics method. The spatial and temporal expression characteristics of the RdNAC72 gene under heat stress and ABA were analyzed using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR). The results were as follows: (1) The RdNAC72 gene had a full length of 1 005 bp, encoding 334 amino acids with a relative molecular weight of 37.415 kDa. Subcellular localization analysis showed that the RdNAC72 protein was located in the nucleus. (2) Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the RdNAC72 was most closely related to the RwNAC72 in R. williamsianum. Additionally, cis-acting element analysis revealed that the gene contains elements associated with hormone response, light response, anaerobic response, low temperature response, and heat stress response. (3) Heat stress could induce the expression of RdNAC72, exhibiting temporal and spatial expression specificity. After three days of heat stress treatment, the relative expression level of the RdNAC72 gene in leaves was significantly upregulated by 31.16-fold, while no significant changes were observed in stems and roots. After six days of heat stress treatment, the relative expression levels of RdNAC72 were significantly upregulated, with the highest observed in leaves (61.56-fold), followed by stems (50.14-fold), and roots (17.42-fold). Additionally, it was found that ABA was found to induce the expression of RdNAC72. (4) RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated a coordinated expression pattern between RdHSP17.2 and RdNAC72 with RdHSP17.2 containing multiple NAC recognition motifs (CATGTG) and core binding sequences (CACG) in its promoter region, suggesting it may be a downstream target gene of RdNAC72. Therefore, the RdNAC72, a transcription factor, localized in the nucleus, responds significantly to high temperatures and ABA, potentially activating the RdHSP17.2 expression to confer heat resistance. These findings not only understanding our comprehension of the biological functions of NAC transcription factors in response to stress, but also potentially guide future genetic and breeding strategies to enhance stress resilience in plants.
Hits
YES
Hits
Downloads
Comment