Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Scientific instruments are indispensable tools and means for scientific research, and they are important support and cornerstone of independent innovation. The development and construction of major research infrastructure has given rise to many scientific instruments and related technologies with industrial application prospects, but the transfer and transformation still have a long way to go. Based on the concept of “open science, open innovation, and open to the world”, the EU has established the ATTRACT project to try to accelerate the commercialization of the detection and imaging related technologies of major science and technology infrastructure as well as to construct a sustainable open joint innovation ecosystem of scientific instruments innovation value chain, in order to develop breakthrough technologies for science and society. The study briefly analyzes the current situation of the organization of scientific instrumentation projects in China, and investigates the organization and management mode of ATTRACT project deeply, in order to provide support and reference for accelerating the transformation of advanced technologies in major research infrastructure, optimizing the allocation of scientific instrument innovation resources, and breaking through the bottleneck of high-end scientific instrument research, development and transformation in China.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, often referred to as “transfer and transformation”, is crucial for turning science and technology into productive forces and economic development. It plays a significant role in enhancing the operational efficiency of the science and technology innovation system and developing new forms of productive forces. Currently, China’s policies to facilitate transfer and transformation are becoming richer and more comprehensive. Nevertheless, issues such as the difficulty in integrating industry, academia, research, and application, low efficiency and rate of technology transformation, and insufficient professionalism in intellectual property operation and transfer and transformation services still have not been adequately addressed. A primary reason is that the profit distribution model for transfer and transformation personnel does not effectively match their job attributes and contributions, leading to a lack of full engagement and motivation among these professionals. This study begins with an analysis of the issues in the existing profit distribution models, investigates the profit distribution of transfer and transformation at 15 institutes of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), compares the differences and similarities between successful international cases and those of the CAS, examines the academic and practical reasons behind the unreasonable profit distribution models, and offers recommendations to provide new insights for enhancing the quality and efficiency of transfer and transformation efforts.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The booming development of the digital economy has provided robust technical, management, and institutional means for the in-depth promotion of low-carbon transition. However, at present, there are still problems, such as the limited level of digital technological innovation, the insufficient supply of digital talents, and the urgent need for a sound digital governance system, which constrains the empowering effect of the digital economy on the development of China’s low-carbon transition. Based on the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, this study discusses the technology iteration, management transform, and system optimization of the influence of digital economy on the development of low carbon transformation. It also elaborates on the critical role of the digital economy in developing a low-carbon transition. Policy suggestions are put forward for promoting the development of the digital economy in China to help realize the “dual carbon” goals.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Report to the 20th National Congress of the CPC emphasized the importance of “working actively and prudently towards the goals of reaching peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality”, as well as “speeding up the planning and development of a system for new energy sources”. As a green and low-carbon secondary energy source, hydrogen energy has multiple applications in promoting the large-scale and efficient use of renewable energy as well as energy substitution in the field of transportation. It can also accelerate decarbonization in industry, and as such, is an indispensable part of building a new energy system, reaching peak carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality. This study takes 621 hydrogen energy policy documents issued by national and local government as research objects, designating to comprehensively study the hydrogen energy policy system. Based on policy informatics, this study uses natural language processing technology to mine data deeply and draws on hydrogen energy policy element information and key data indicators. It also combines content analysis, quantitative analysis and makes use of data visualization technology to study the evolution of hydrogen energy policy. It examines evolution trajectory of hydrogen energy policy, regional patterns of industry, the industrial chain layout, and other characteristics. The research framework and analysis methods used herein can help improve the systematization and timeliness of hydrogen energy policy research and proposes hydrogen energy policy suggestions to accelerate the development of hydrogen energy.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In the digital civilization era, scientific and technological innovation has emerged as a crucial pathway to unleash new quality productive forces and spearhead the ascendancy of great powers. It has become a vital pillar for major nations to engage in international competition and reshape the global order. Furthermore, it acts as a key instrument to smooth out economic cycles and overcome the limitations imposed by these cycles. The rise model, marked by advanced scientific and technological innovation and a commitment to scientific self-sufficiency and enhancement, significantly boosts the viability and acceptance of China’s approach to international governance. At the same time, science and technology innovation in the digital era increasingly emphasizes engineering thinking to promote the organic integration of scientific and technological knowledge and industry. The engineering ecology paradigm provides a new framework for analyzing and researching the process of evolution of industrial change and the mechanism of industrial innovation in industrial change, which can help us understand the incentives for industrial change, the opportunities for creating new industries, adapting to the change and transformation, as well as the process and mechanism of promoting the relevant policy awareness and policy formulation, so that we can understand the incentives for industrial change, create new industries, adapt to change and transformation, and promote the relevant policy awareness and policy formulation. The process and mechanism of policy understanding and policy formulation can accelerate industrial originality, industrial derivation, and industrial upgrading in the digital era. Entering the new era, it is necessary to further cultivate a new paradigm of engineering ecology that will catalyze industrial change, and continuously nurture new kinetic energy that will lead the next scientific and technological revolution and industrial change.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Facing the accelerating of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, expediting the deep integration of digital economy and real economy is a crucial pathway to enhance industrial competitiveness and address social development challenges. The integration of digital and real economies, with the linkage of human-cyber-physical ternary fusion, brings about an increase in production factors and a reduction in uncertainty. This integration permeates through the whole process and channels of the real economy, including R&D innovation, manufacturing, collaborative integration, and supply services, triggering systemic transformations in the real economy. Looking to the future, the deep connection of technology, data, and intelligence will further advance, collectively propelling the integration of digital and real economies towards a new form characterized by a humancentric human-cyber-physical ternary fusion, driving the economy towards collaboration, service orientation, and green development. The article suggests deepening theoretical and methodological research on human-cyber-physical ternary fusion, exploring application demonstrations, and ethical norms construction, to accelerate the establishment of a new form of human-centered integration of digital and real economies.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The application of digital technologies is the core driving force for innovating traditional development and realizing a leap in productivity. The innovative development governance of the Yellow River Basin is a complex social system, involving economic, social, and ecological aspects. Its key driving force is the profound influence of digital technologies. Focused on how digital technologies empower the innovative development governance of the Yellow River Basin, the development process, problems, and challenges are analyzed at different stages, from the digital Yellow River to the digital twin Yellow River. It is found that the governance of the Yellow River Basin still requires enhancement in four aspects: building a digital innovation ecosystem, establishing a digital governance system, developing data infrastructure, and preventing data security risks. In order to address these challenges so as to promote the realization of the innovative development goals of the Yellow River Basin, four policy recommendations are proposed, namely, encouraging a scientific and technological innovation ecology, improving the agile digital governance system, strengthening the practical value and application of innovations, and enhancing the digital security barrier capacity.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Realizing effective cross-regional innovation cooperation not only helps to enhance the overall scientific and technological innovation capabilities of the Yellow River Basin, but also is crucial for promoting the western development strategy and achieving industrial upgrading and leapfrogging in the western region. The innovation collaborative network composed of various enterprises, universities, and research institutes across different regions in the Yellow River Basin helps to break down information silos and help provinces and cities fully achieve information sharing in open scientific and technological innovation cooperation platforms. The crossregional innovation collaborative network that have been constructed in the Yellow River Basin consists of cooperation relationships between provinces within the Yellow River Basin, as well as cooperation relationships between provinces within and outside the basin. This study investigated the current situation of technological innovation cooperation in the Yellow River Basin reflected by the network, and the results showed that the network composed of the former showed an uneven distribution pattern of“ dense in the east and sparse in the west” in space, but the density of innovation collaborative network has increased in recent years. The network composed of the latter initially had uneven spatial distribution, but recently the breadth and depth of cooperation have significantly increased. There are still many obstacles to scientific and technological innovation cooperation in the Yellow River Basin. Firstly, a large-scale and comprehensive innovation collaborative network is defective, mainly manifested in insufficient innovation cooperation among provinces within the Yellow River Basin. Moreover, the lack of a comprehensive and multi-level cross-regional institutional collaborative operation mechanism makes it difficult to fully leverage the role of cross regional innovation collaborative networks. In view of this, this study proposes to improve the innovation collaborative cooperation system from the central to the local level, from top to bottom, and follow the optimization idea of“ enhancing the top level design capabilities—improving the collaborative network— enhancing cooperation awareness—coordinating regional regulations—forming cross regional alliances—creating a collaborative innovation ecosystem—exploring innovation cooperation opportunities” to build the scientific and technological innovation corridor in the Yellow River Basin innovation corridor.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The foundation for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin lies in the rational development of industry. This study systematically analyzes the current state of industrial development in the Yellow River Basin, examining traditional industries, strategic emerging industries, and future industries. Based on this analysis, it identifies key issues and development directions. The study reveals that the industrial structure in the Yellow River Basin is unreasonable; traditional industries have short chains and high energy consumption; the cultivation of strategic emerging industries is inadequate and poorly aligned; and comprehensive planning for future industries is inadequate. Therefore, it is imperative to systematically optimize the industrial structure in the Yellow River Basin, promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, accelerate the cultivation of strategic emerging industries through technological innovation, and plan the development of future industries from a holistic perspective. This approach will enhance the momentum and vitality necessary for advancing ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, contributing to a new chapter in the western development.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The assessment and comparison of the S&T innovation competitiveness among the provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin are helpful to better utilize the supporting and leading role of S&T innovation in the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. Combined with the real characteristics of S&T innovation in the Yellow River Basin, the study considers five dimensions horizontally: S&T innovation input, S&T innovation output, S&T entrepreneurial condition, S&T innovation revenue, and S&T innovation influence. Vertically, it considers two types of indicators, namely, strength and efficiency, and constructs the index system of evaluation of S&T innovation competitiveness in the Yellow River Basin. A multi-dimensional indicator system for measuring the competitiveness of S&T innovation in the Yellow River Basin is constructed, taking into account the differences in scale and efficiency indicators. Based on this, the study analyzes the evolution trend and current situation of S&T innovation competitiveness of the nine provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin from 2012 to 2021, and further compares the differences in S&T innovation competitiveness among the provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin. The study finds the followings. (1) The nine provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin have formed three echelons with significant differences in the level of S&T innovation competitiveness, and the upstream provinces and regions lag behind noticeably in S&T innovation competitiveness. (2) The evaluation results of five horizontal dimensions show that the low level of S&T entrepreneurship conditions and S&T innovation benefit are the key factors constraining the S&T innovation competitiveness of all provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin. (3) The results of vertical “strength-efficiency” evaluation show that Shandong Province, which is in the first echelon of S&T innovation competitiveness in the Yellow River Basin, should focus on improving its competitive effectiveness in S&T innovation, while the provinces and regions in the third echelon (Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Gansu, Shanxi, and Ningxia) should optimize their competitive strength in S&T innovation. Finally, the study proposes countermeasures to improve the competitiveness of S&T innovation in the Yellow River Basin.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The Yellow River runs through nine provinces (regions) in western, central, and eastern China. It is not only an important ecological security barrier in China, but also an important region for social activity and economic development. Strategically planning the development of the Yellow River Basin at the national level can not only accelerate the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, but also effectively promote the western development strategy and regional coordinated development strategy. Nevertheless, the poor carrying capacity of the ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin, the obvious feature of industrial development relying heavily on energy, and the insufficient ability to ensure people’s livelihood have constrained the innovation driven transformation and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. Therefore, the Yellow River Basin must vigorously enhance its ability to support scientific and technological innovation, strengthen macro-integration, synergize and deepen the reform, accelerate the deployment of the integrated development strategy of science，technology and innovation in the Yellow River Basin, systematically plan the construction of the Yellow River Basin Science, Technology and Innovation Corridor, and promote the coordinated development of ecological protection and economic and social development led by scientific and technological innovation. This study analyzes the development characteristics and spatial distribution of the Yellow River Basin, and systematically analyzes the scientific and technological innovation needs and constraints of the Yellow River Basin from three perspectives: ecological protection, industrial development, and social development. It proposes the overall idea of achieving innovative development in the Yellow River Basin, and proposes countermeasures and suggestions from five approaches: strengthening scientific and technological innovation cooperation in the ecological field, enhancing the scientific and technological innovation capabilities of key regions, coordinating the reform of the entire basin’s scientific and technological system, accelerating the formation of new quality productive forces led by science and technology, and digital transformation to promote the improvement and efficiency of social services.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The modernization of science and technology is the key to Chinese path to modernization and plays a fundamental and strategic supporting role in building a powerful socialist modernization country. This study reviews various stages of development including sprouting and exploration, recovery and acceleration, catching up and leading, summarizes the characteristics and experience, and discusses the improvement in terms of level, concept, culture, topic selection, organization, system, governance, team, and guarantee, and then, proposes the concept of “Chinese Path to S&T Modernization”.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： As the great power to drive human society’s development and the industrial transformation, disruptive technologies have attracted the attention of countries around the world. The major economies worldwide have made relevant strategic plans to develop disruptive technologies for preempting the zenith of technological innovation. As the effective approach to gather various resources, the multiple input system of disruptive technologies has become a place of strategic importance and related studies have also been paid more and more attention. The multiple input system of disruptive technologies is investigated firstly from the perspective of innovation mechanism in this study. Based on the innovation theory, the technical innovation process and the characteristics of disruptive technologies are systematically analyzed to define the multiple input system connotation of disruptive technologies and to build the research framework. Then various case studies are used to analyze input practices during the innovation process for filling the framework. With the research framework from technical innovation theory and case studies, the multiple input system of disruptive technologies is constructed from innovation mechanism to innovation practice.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
BAI Guangzu
LI Li
MENG Hongfei
WANG Qiang
CAO Xiaoyang
LIU Anrong
CHENG Bo
ZHAN Mimi
LI Jing
CUI Leiei
DU Xiangwan
Abstract： Emerging technology fields have become the main battleground for strategic competition among major powers today, with key and core technologies serving as crucial approach in shaping a nation’s international competitive advantage. This study, from the perspective of national strategy, profoundly understands the significant importance of winning the key and core technology battle in emerging fields. Based on this understanding, it starts with a comparison between the implementation background of the 863 Program and the current reality. It systematically summarizes valuable experiences from projects aimed at advancing key and core technologies in emerging fields, and puts forward reflections and suggestions for winning the key and core technology battle in emerging fields under the new national system.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Deep space exploration has become the commanding heights of science and technology competition. Since the beginning of the 21st century, China has successfully completed the lunar exploration missions of “orbiting, landing, and returning” in just twenty years, and upgraded to a new roadmap of “survey, construction, and utilization”. Meanwhile, lunar exploration worldwide has shown a trend towards normalization and commercialization. The research on lunar water resources has sparked widespread interest and intense competition among countries and space agencies, marking a new focus in human’s deep space exploration. The exploration of lunar water can help reveal crucial processes in the formation and evolution of the Earth-Moon system and even the entire solar system. It stands as a forefront in planetary science research and a key focus in discipline construction. The development of lunar water resources can provide fuel for future deep space exploration missions and ensure the long-term survival of humans on the Moon. It is an inevitable choice for countries and organizations worldwide to expand and deepen international cooperation, jointly utilizing extraterrestrial resources for the benefit of humanity. Combining the status and future trends of lunar water resource exploration, this study analyzes the opportunities and challenges in China's deep space exploration program and the development of planetary science disciplines. It proposes strategies and suggestions based on the national context to seize the commanding heights of science and technology competition.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Space science is one of the important space activities of China together with space technology and space application. Although it is a space program aimed at scientific discovery and breakthrough, with the development of technology and the increasing number of achievements received in the past, space science missions require more and more technological innovation to achieve their goals. This study first reviews the development trend of space science missions since their birth, then analyzes the cultivation process of space science mission proposals with technological innovation and the responsibilities of the chief scientist leading such tasks, and finally analyzes and proposes several important fields of technological innovation related to future space science missions. Analysis shows that with more and more competition in science and technology, the decisive factor to get breakthrough and sustainable development, will exist in whether the mission has unique innovative approach in technology that can help to obtain new data, or whether the mission can still reach a unique site in the solar system, creating their own discovery the first time.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： With the development of modern science and technology, gravimetry is growing vigorously and is increasingly becoming an interdisciplinary subject that is closely related to many others such as geology, fundamental physics, geodynamics, hydrology, oceanography, and astronomy. It is now a key subject in giving service to demands in national strategy and fundamental researches in geoscience such as fiducial surveying and mapping, resource exploration, military security, and hazard monitoring. Therefore, owning the core gravimetric techniques is one of the pivots which reflect national core competitiveness. This study first briefly overviews the history and actuality of the growth of gravimetry subject in China and analyzes the chances and challenges. Then some directions of the future developments in gravimetry in China are proposed and some thoughts are shared. These involve constructing gravimetric datum network and corresponding observational technology by unifying ocean-land-space-based means, investigating mass transfer in Earth system and Tibetan dynamics, enhancing contributions from gravimetry to national security and outer space exploration, as well as boosting applications of the artificial intelligence in gravimetry.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Ecosystem based ocean management is an important means of building marine ecological civilization. The current marine ecological classification and zoning in China comprehensively sorts out the types and natural geographical characteristics of marine ecosystems, divided the Chinese seas and adjacent waters into several levels of ecological spatial units according to different scales, effectively characterizes the geographical distribution features of marine biological communities and their habitats, and provides effective support for ecosystem based marine management. This study analyzed the practical significance of marine ecological classification and zoning. Based on a review of the development of marine ecological classification and zoning, this study introduces the practical experience and application prospects of marine ecological classification and zoning in China, and puts forward suggestions for the implementation path of ecosystem based marine management.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The field of life sciences is rapidly evolving, driven by advancements in experimental techniques and vast biological big data which gradually arise and play an increasingly important role in life science research. First of all, biological big data has diversity and complexity, including genomic data, epigenomic data, proteomic data and other types. These data provide researchers with more comprehensive information and help reveal the laws behind life phenomena. Second, new data-driven developments and applications in life sciences cover many fields such as gene editing, precision medicine, drug development, etc., providing unprecedented possibilities for human health and quality of life. However, the era of big data for life science research also faces challenges in various aspects including data storage, sharing, and privacy protection, as well as how to transform massive data into reliable scientific discoveries. This paper provides a brief overview of the law of development of biological data in driving life sciences, sorts out the composition and characteristics of biological big data and its sources, as well as elaborates and discusses the common problems and challenges faced by our country under the new paradigm of data-driven life science research.
Subjects: Statistics >> Social Statistics submitted time 2024-06-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Synthetic biology revolutionizes the comprehension of life systems from an engineering perspective, employing a “bottomup” approach in life science research. It adopts an iterative research paradigm of “design-build-test-learn” in life science research and creates engineered new life systems grounded in genomics and systems biology. This provides a new pathway of “from creation to understanding” for life sciences, departing from the traditional reductionist research strategy of “study the whole to understand the parts” and opening up a new culture of “building to understand” the essence of life. Additionally, synthetic biology elevates existing biotechnologies previously based on “simulating natural processes” and “genetic engineering modifications” to a level of “quantitative rational design” and “standardized construction testing”, pushing bioengineering and metabolic engineering towards efficient, universal engineering “reprogramming” and even “de novo construction”, thereby achieving the goal of “building to use”. This study reviews the significant progress of synthetic biology in the aspect of “building to understand” in basic life science research in recent years, providing specific cases of its “building to use” in fields such as chemical engineering, medicine, food, and the environment, showcasing the profound impact synthetic biology is exerting on the comprehensive development of human society. Moreover, it underscores the importance of constructing a convergent ecosystem and governance framework to foster the robust and expeditious development of synthetic biology.
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