分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Optical modulators are required to have high modulation bandwidths and a compact footprint. In this paper we experimentally demonstrate a novel Si/In$_2$O$_3$ hybrid plasmonic waveguide modulator, which is realized by an asymmetric directional coupler (ADC) consisting of a silicon photonic waveguide and a Si/In$_2$O$_3$ hybrid plasmonic waveguide. The optical signal is modulated by radio-frequency (RF) signal applied on the Au electrodes at the top of MOS capacitor and contacting the In$_2$O$_3$ thin film. The record-high modulation bandwidth of >40 GHz is realized by a silicon-doping-free metal-oxide-In$_2$O$_3$ capacitor integrated in a 3.5-$\mu$m-long asymmetric directional coupler (ADC) for the first time.
分类： 光学 >> 量子光学 提交时间： 2023-02-19
摘要： Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials have shown significant potential for nonlinear optical applications due to their ultrafast hot carriers and consequent optical nonlinearity enhancement. Modified poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films show metallic characteristics and a resultant ENZ wavelength near 1550nm through polar solvent treatment and annealing. The metallic PEDOT film exhibits an intrinsic optical nonlinear response that is comparable to gold and 100-fold higher than typical inorganic semiconductor ENZ materials due to {\pi}-conjugated delocalized electrons. Hot carriers generate a 22-fold increase in the optical nonlinearity coefficient of metallic PEDOT films at 1550 nm. Hot holes in metallic PEDOT films have a smaller enhancement multiple of carrier temperature and a longer relaxation time than hot electrons in inorganic ENZ materials due to the larger imaginary permittivity and hot-phonon bottleneck for carrier cooling. Our findings suggest that {\pi}-conjugated ENZ polymer may have unique ultrafast and nonlinear optical properties compared to inorganic ENZ materials, enabling new possibilities in on-chip nanophotonic devices, nonlinear optics, and plasmonics.
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