Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Wetland provides various ecological functions, and wetland protection and restoration directly affect national security, sustainability of economy and society, as well as human well-being. This study has systematically summarized the current status of wetland resource and the achievement of wetland protection in China, and the conclusions will provide scientific support for the policy making in wetland protection and management. The area of wetland in China was 41.2�104km2 based on remote sensing monitoring in 2020, which lead the first in Asia. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the area of wetland has showed a recovery trend, the function in ensuring water security has enhanced, remarkable success has achieved in wetland biodiversity protection, a great potential in carbon sink function has been observed, the rational use of wetland has been continuously innovated, and the protection system is gradually completed, and the restoration system is formed. For the purposes of developing the wetland protection under current new period, we propose to implement strategic action of wetland protection to meet the national demand, to improve the basic theory and discipline system of wetland science, to innovate and improve the wetland protection and restoration technologies as well as the engineering measures, and to strengthen the building of highland of talent in wetland research and the think-tanks of wetland management.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： The Science and Technology Innovation Project of Black Soil Conservation and Utilization (Black Soil Granary) is a Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), it is the core measure of the “Science and Technology (Sci-Tech) Campaign for Black Soil Granary” launched by CAS together with provinces and autonomous region of Northeast China, and also the core measures to implement General Secretary Xi Jinping’s series guiding principle relating to well utilize and protect the black soil in Northeast China. Better utilization and protection of black soil is crucially important to the national food security, and the program of Black Soil Granary aims to solve the key major scientific problems for black soil. According to the principles of question-oriented, led by innovation, and promoted by demonstration, the program will conduct key technological breakthroughs and demonstrating mature technologies following the specification of “purposeful, assessable, applicable, influential, popularizable, and continuable”. It is expected that, through the implementation of the Black Soil Granary program, Chinese Academy of Sciences can provide systematic resolutions for the better utilization and protection of black soil, and support national food security and modern agriculture development.
Subjects: Biology >> Ecology submitted time 2018-05-18 Cooperative journals: 《生态学报》
Abstract：螺类作为湿地的重要生物类群，对环境变化响应敏感，这使得螺类成为潜在的环境指示物种。为了研究中国东北沼泽湿地不同类型湿地螺类群落结构的差异以及螺类作为不同类型湿地指示物种的可能，在2014年9月和2015年5月对小叶章沼泽化草甸湿地、臌囊苔草湿地、毛苔草湿地、漂筏苔草湿地共17个采样点进行螺类样品采集。共采集到了螺类8科13属17种4452个。研究表明，螺类以扁卷螺科Planorbidae、椎实螺科Lymnaeidae、膀胱螺科Physidae为主；4种不同类型湿地螺的种类组成不同，这些螺类的种类组成与不同类型湿地的水深、植物类型组成等湿地特征是相对应。螺类的生物多样性指数（Shannon-Wiener指数和Marglef指数）在不同类型湿地之间也存在一定差异，筛选了指示螺类6种，无褶螺是小叶章沼泽化草甸的指示物种，小土蜗、半球多脉扁螺和虹蛹螺是臌囊苔草湿地的指示物种，琥珀螺是毛苔草湿地的指示物种，平盘螺是漂筏苔草湿地的指示物种，这表明了螺类是沼泽湿地类型的重要指示生物。也为螺类生物多样性资源的保护、恢复和生态评价提供科学依据和资料积累。
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