SN Zwicky: uncovering a population of gravitational lens galaxies with magnified "standard candles"

分类： 天文学 >> 天文学 提交时间： 2023-02-19

Ariel Goobar Joel Johansson Steve Schulze Nikki Arense Ana Sagues Carracedo Suhail Dhawan Edvard Mörtsell Christoffer Fremling Lin Yan Daniel Perley Jesper Sollerman Remy Joseph K-Ryan Hinds William Meynardie Igor Andreoni Eric Bellm Josh Bloom Thomas E. Collett Andrew Drake Matthew Graham

摘要： We report the discovery of a very rare phenomenon, a multiply-imaged gravitationally lensed Type Ia supernova (SNe Ia), "SN Zwicky", a.k.a. SN 2022qmx, magnified nearly twenty-five times by a foreground galaxy. The system was identified as intrinsically bright thanks to the "standard candle" nature of SNe Ia. Observations with high-spatial resolution instruments resolved a system with four nearly simultaneous images, with an Einstein radius of only $\theta_E =0.167"$, corresponding to a lens mass of $8\cdot 10^9$ solar masses within a physical size below $0.8$ kiloparsecs. A smooth lens model fails to reproduce the image flux ratios, suggesting significant additional magnification from compact objects. Given the small image splitting and a relatively faint deflecting galaxy, the lensing system would not have been found through the angular separation technique generally used in large imaging surveys.

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