Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Dongsheng Sun
Ken Mawatari
Ouchi Masami
Yoshiaki Ono
Hidenobu Yajima
Yechi Zhang
Makito Abe
William P. Bowman
Erin Mentuch Cooper
Dustin Davis
Daniel J. Farrow
Karl Gebhardt
Gary J. Hill
Chenxu Liu
Donald P. Schneider
Abstract： We present cosmological-scale 3-dimensional (3D) neutral hydrogen ({\sc Hi}) tomographic maps at $z=2-3$ over a total of 837 deg$^2$ in two blank fields that are developed with Ly$\alpha$ forest absorptions of 14,736 background Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) quasars at $z$=2.08-3.67. Using the tomographic maps, we investigate the large-scale ($\gtrsim 10$ $h^{-1}$cMpc) average {\sc Hi} radial profiles and two-direction profiles of the line-of-sight (LoS) and transverse (TS) directions around galaxies and AGN at $z=2-3$ identified by the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy eXperiment (HETDEX) and SDSS surveys, respectively.The peak of the {\sc Hi} radial profile around galaxies is lower than the one around AGN, suggesting that the dark-matter halos of galaxies are less massive on average than those of AGN. The LoS profile of AGN is narrower than the TS profile, indicating the Kaiser effect. There exist ionized outskirts at $\gtrsim 30$ $h^{-1}$cMpc beyond {\sc Hi} rich structures of galaxies and AGN found in the LoS profiles that can be explained by the influence of high energy photons propagating over a long distance. Our findings indicate that the {\sc Hi} radial profile of AGN has transitions from proximity zones ($\lesssim$ a few $h^{-1}$cMpc) to the {\sc Hi} rich structures ($\sim 1-30$ $h^{-1}$cMpc) and the ionized outskirts ($\gtrsim 30$ $h^{-1}$cMpc). Although there is no significant dependence of AGN types (type-1 vs. type-2) on the {\sc Hi} profiles, the peaks of the radial profiles anti-correlate with AGN luminosities, suggesting that AGN's ionization effects are stronger than the gas mass differences.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Jennifer I-Hsiu Li
Yue Shen
Luis C. Ho
W. N. Brandt
Catherine J. Grier
Patrick B. Hall
Y. Homayouni
Anton M. Koekemoer
Donald P. Schneider
Jonathan R. Trump
Abstract： We measure the correlation between black-hole mass $M_{\rm BH}$ and host stellar mass $M_*$ for a sample of 38 broad-line quasars at $0.2\lesssim z\lesssim 0.8$ (median redshift $z_{\rm med}=0.5$). The black-hole masses are derived from a dedicated reverberation mapping program for distant quasars, and the stellar masses are estimated from two-band optical+IR HST imaging. Most of these quasars are well centered within $\lesssim 1$kpc from the host galaxy centroid, with only a few cases in merging/disturbed systems showing larger spatial offsets. Our sample spans two orders of magnitude in stellar mass ($\sim 10^9-10^{11}\,M_\odot$) and black-hole mass ($\sim 10^7-10^9\,M_\odot$), and reveals a significant correlation between the two quantities. We find a best-fit intrinsic (i.e., selection effects corrected) $M_{\rm BH}-M_{\rm *,host}$ relation of $\log (M_{\rm BH}/M_{\rm \odot})=7.01_{-0.33}^{+0.23} + 1.74_{-0.64}^{+0.64}\log (M_{\rm *,host}/10^{10}M_{\rm \odot})$, with an intrinsic scatter of $0.47_{-0.17}^{+0.24}$dex. Decomposing our quasar hosts into bulges and disks, there is a similar $M_{\rm BH}-M_{\rm *,bulge}$ relation with a slightly larger scatter, likely caused by systematic uncertainties in the bulge-disk decomposition. The $M_{\rm BH}-M_{\rm *,host}$ relation at $z_{\rm med}=0.5$ is similar to that in local quiescent galaxies, with negligible evolution over the redshift range probed by our sample. With direct black-hole masses from reverberation mapping and a large dynamical range of the sample, selection biases do not appear to affect our conclusions significantly. Our results, along with other samples in the literature, suggest that the locally-measured black-hole mass$-$host stellar mass relation is already in place at $z\sim 1$.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Li Yang
Zheng Zheng
Hélion du Mas des Bourboux
Kyle Dawson
Matthew M. Pieri
Graziano Rossi
Donald P. Schneider
Axel de la Macorra
Abstract： We investigate the metal species associated with the Ly$\alpha$ forest in the
eBOSS quasar spectra. Metal absorption lines are revealed in the stacked
spectra from cross-correlating the selected Ly$\alpha$ absorbers in the forest
and the flux fluctuation field. Up to 13 metal species are identified
associated with relatively strong Ly$\alpha$ absorbers (those with flux
fluctuation $-1.0<\delta_{\rm Ly\alpha}<-0.6$ and with neutral hydrogen column
density of ~ $10^{15-16}$ $\rm cm^{-2}$) over absorber redshift range of
$2
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Chenxu Liu
Karl Gebhardt
Wolfram Kollatschny
Robin Ciardullo
Erin Mentuch Cooper
Dustin Davis
Daniel J. Farrow
Steven L. Finkelstein
Eric Gawiser
Caryl Gronwall
Gary J. Hill
Lindsay House
Donald P. Schneider
Tanya Urrutia
Gregory R. Zeimann
Abstract： We report an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) with extremely high equivalent width (EW), EW(LyA+NV,rest)>921 AA in the rest-frame, at z~2.24 in the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment Survey (HETDEX) as a representative case of the high EW AGN population. The continuum level is a non-detection in the HETDEX spectrum, thus the measured EW is a lower limit. The source is detected with significant emission lines (>7sigma) at LyA+NV, CIV, and moderate emission line (~4sigma) at HeII within the wavelength coverage of HETDEX (3500 AA - 5500 AA). The r-band magnitude is 24.57 from the Hyper Suprime-Cam-HETDEX joint survey with a detection limit of r=25.12 at 5sigma. The LyA emission line spans a clearly resolved region of ~10 arcsec (85 kpc) in diameter. The LyA line profile is strongly double peaked. The spectral decomposed blue gas and red gas Ly$\alpha$ emission are separated by ~1.2 arcsec (10.1 kpc) with a line-of-sight velocity offset of ~1100 km/s. This source is probably an obscured AGN with powerful winds.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Yechi Zhang
Masami Ouchi
Karl Gebhardt
Chenxu Liu
Yuichi Harikane
Erin Mentuch Cooper
Dustin Davis
Daniel J. Farrow
Eric Gawiser
Gary J. Hill
Wolfram Kollatschny
Yoshiaki Ono
Donald P. Schneider
Steven L. Finkelstein
Caryl Gronwall
Shardha Jogee
Mirko Krumpe
Abstract： We investigate the stellar mass - black hole mass ($\mathcal{M}_*-\mathcal{M}_\mathrm{BH}$) relation with type 1 AGN down to $\mathcal{M}_\mathrm{BH}=10^7 M_\odot$, corresponding to a $\simeq -21$ absolute magnitude in rest-frame ultraviolet (UV), at $z = 2-2.5$. Exploiting the deep and large-area spectroscopic survey of the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX), we identify 66 type 1 AGN with $\mathcal{M}_\mathrm{BH}$ ranging from $10^7$ to $10^{10} M_\odot$ that are measured with single-epoch virial method using C{\sc iv} emission lines detected in the HETDEX spectra. $\mathcal{M}_*$ of the host galaxies are estimated from optical to near-infrared photometric data taken with Spitzer, WISE, and ground-based 4-8m class telescopes by CIGALE SED fitting. We further assess the validity of SED fitting in two cases by host-nuclear decomposition performed through surface brightness profile fitting on spatially-resolved host galaxies with JWST/NIRCam CEERS data. We obtain the $\mathcal{M}_*-\mathcal{M}_\mathrm{BH}$ relation covering the unexplored low-mass ranges of $\mathcal{M}_\mathrm{BH}~\sim~10^7-10^8~M_\odot$, and conduct forward modelling to fully account for the selection biases and observational uncertainties. The intrinsic $\mathcal{M}_*-\mathcal{M}_\mathrm{BH}$ relation at $z\sim 2$ has a moderate positive offset of $0.52\pm0.14$~dex from the local relation, suggestive of more efficient black hole growth at higher redshift even in the low-mass regime of $\mathcal{M}_\mathrm{BH}~\sim~10^7-10^8~M_\odot$. Our $\mathcal{M}_*-\mathcal{M}_\mathrm{BH}$ relation is inconsistent with the $\mathcal{M}_\mathrm{BH}$ suppression at the low-$\mathcal{M}_*$ regime predicted by recent hydrodynamic simulations at a $98\%$ confidence level, suggesting that feedback in the low-mass systems may be weaker than those produced in hydrodynamic simulations.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Michael J. Chapman
Faizan G. Mohammad
Zhongxu Zhai
Will J. Percival
Jeremy L. Tinker
Julian E. Bautista
Joel R. Brownstein
Etienne Burtin
Kyle S. Dawson
Héctor Gil-Marín
Axel de la Macorra
Ashley J. Ross
Graziano Rossi
Donald P. Schneider
Gong-Bo Zhao
Abstract： We measure the small-scale clustering of the Data Release 16 extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Luminous Red Galaxy sample, corrected for fibre-collisions using Pairwise Inverse Probability weights, which give unbiased clustering measurements on all scales. We fit to the monopole and quadrupole moments and to the projected correlation function over the separation range $7-60\,h^{-1}$Mpc with a model based on the Aemulus cosmological emulator to measure the growth rate of cosmic structure, parameterized by $f\sigma_8$. We obtain a measurement of $f\sigma_8(z=0.737)=0.408\pm0.038$, which is $1.4\sigma$ lower than the value expected from 2018 Planck data for a flat $\Lambda$CDM model, and is more consistent with recent weak-lensing measurements. The level of precision achieved is 1.7 times better than more standard measurements made using only the large-scale modes of the same sample. We also fit to the data using the full range of scales $0.1-60\,h^{-1}$Mpc modelled by the Aemulus cosmological emulator and find a $4.5\sigma$ tension in the amplitude of the halo velocity field with the Planck+$\Lambda$CDM model, driven by a mismatch on the non-linear scales. This may not be cosmological in origin, and could be due to a breakdown in the Halo Occupation Distribution model used in the emulator. Finally, we perform a robust analysis of possible sources of systematics, including the effects of redshift uncertainty and incompleteness due to target selection that were not included in previous analyses fitting to clustering measurements on small scales.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Yechi Zhang
Masami Ouchi
Karl Gebhardt
Erin Mentuch Cooper
Chenxu Liu
Dustin Davis
Donghui Jeong
Daniel J. Farrow
Steven L. Finkelstein
Eric Gawiser
Gary J. Hill
Yuichi Harikane
Ryota Kakuma
Viviana Acquaviva
Caitlin M. Casey
Maximilian Fabricius
Ulrich Hopp
Matt J. Jarvis
Martin Landriau
Ken Mawatari
Abstract： We present Ly$\alpha$ and ultraviolet-continuum (UV) luminosity functions
(LFs) of galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGN) at $z=2.0-3.5$ determined by
the un-targetted optical spectroscopic survey of the Hobby-Eberly Telescope
Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX). We combine deep Subaru imaging with HETDEX
spectra resulting in $11.4$ deg$^2$ of fiber-spectra sky coverage, obtaining
$18320$ galaxies spectroscopically identified with Ly$\alpha$ emission, $2126$
of which host type 1 AGN showing broad (FWHM$~>1000$ km s$^{-1}$) Ly$\alpha$
emission lines. We derive the Ly$\alpha$ (UV) LF over 2 orders of magnitude
covering bright galaxies and AGN in $\log
L_\mathrm{Ly\alpha}/\mathrm{[erg~s^{-1}]}=43.3-45.5$ ($-27
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Grisha Zeltyn
Benny Trakhtenbrot
Michael Eracleous
Jessie Runnoe
Jonathan R. Trump
Jonathan Stern
Yue Shen
Lorena Hernandez-Garcia
Franz E. Bauer
Qian Yang
Tom Dwelly
Claudio Ricci
Paul Green
Scott F. Anderson
Roberto J. Assef
Muryel Guolo
Chelsea MacLeod
Megan C. Davis
Logan Fries
Suvi Gezari
Abstract： We report the discovery of a new ``changing-look'' active galactic nucleus (CLAGN) event, in the quasar SDSS J162829.17+432948.5 at z=0.2603, identified through repeat spectroscopy from the fifth Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-V). Optical photometry taken during 2020--2021 shows a dramatic dimming of ${\Delta}$g${\approx}$1 mag, followed by a rapid recovery on a timescale of several months, with the ${\lesssim}$2 month period of rebrightening captured in new SDSS-V and Las Cumbres Observatory spectroscopy. This is one of the fastest CLAGN transitions observed to date. Archival observations suggest that the object experienced a much more gradual dimming over the period of 2011--2013. Our spectroscopy shows that the photometric changes were accompanied by dramatic variations in the quasar-like continuum and broad-line emission. The excellent agreement between the pre- and postdip photometric and spectroscopic appearances of the source, as well as the fact that the dimmest spectra can be reproduced by applying a single extinction law to the brighter spectral states, favor a variable line-of-sight obscuration as the driver of the observed transitions. Such an interpretation faces several theoretical challenges, and thus an alternative accretion-driven scenario cannot be excluded. The recent events observed in this quasar highlight the importance of spectroscopic monitoring of large active galactic nucleus samples on weeks-to-months timescales, which the SDSS-V is designed to achieve.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Chenxu Liu
Karl Gebhardt
Wolfram Kollatschny
Robin Ciardullo
Erin Mentuch Cooper
Dustin Davis
Daniel J. Farrow
Steven L. Finkelstein
Eric Gawiser
Caryl Gronwall
Gary J. Hill
Lindsay House
Donald P. Schneider
Tanya Urrutia
Gregory R. Zeimann
Abstract： We report an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) with extremely high equivalent width (EW), EW(LyA+NV,rest)>921 AA in the rest-frame, at z~2.24 in the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment Survey (HETDEX) as a representative case of the high EW AGN population. The continuum level is a non-detection in the HETDEX spectrum, thus the measured EW is a lower limit. The source is detected with significant emission lines (>7sigma) at LyA+NV, CIV, and moderate emission line (~4sigma) at HeII within the wavelength coverage of HETDEX (3500 AA - 5500 AA). The r-band magnitude is 24.57 from the Hyper Suprime-Cam-HETDEX joint survey with a detection limit of r=25.12 at 5sigma. The LyA emission line spans a clearly resolved region of ~10 arcsec (85 kpc) in diameter. The LyA line profile is strongly double peaked. The spectral decomposed blue gas and red gas Ly$\alpha$ emission are separated by ~1.2 arcsec (10.1 kpc) with a line-of-sight velocity offset of ~1100 km/s. This source is probably an obscured AGN with powerful winds.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Cheng Zhao
Andrei Variu
Mengfan He
Daniel Forero Sanchez
Amélie Tamone
Chia-Hsun Chuang
Francisco-Shu Kitaura
Charling Tao
Jiaxi Yu
Jean-Paul Kneib
Will J. Percival
Huanyuan Shan
Gong-Bo Zhao
Etienne Burtin
Kyle S. Dawson
Graziano Rossi
Donald P. Schneider
Axel de la Macorra
Abstract： We construct cosmic void catalogues with the DIVE void finder upon SDSS BOSS DR12 and eBOSS DR16 galaxy samples with BAO reconstruction applied, and perform a joint BAO analysis using different types of galaxies and the corresponding voids. The BAO peak is evident for the galaxy-galaxy, galaxy-void, and void-void correlation functions of all datasets, including the ones cross correlating luminous red galaxy and emission line galaxy samples. Two multi-tracer BAO fitting schemes are then tested, one combining the galaxy and void correlation functions with a weight applied to voids, and the other using a single BAO dilation parameter for all clustering measurements of different tracers. Both methods produce consistent results with mock catalogues, and on average ~10 per cent improvements of the BAO statistical uncertainties are observed for all samples, compared to the results from galaxies alone. By combining the clustering of galaxies and voids, the uncertainties of BAO measurements from the SDSS data are reduced by 5 to 15 per cent, yielding 0.9, 0.8, 1.1, 2.3, and 2.9 per cent constraints on the distance $D_{_{\rm V}}(z)$, at effective redshifts of 0.38, 0.51, 0.70, 0.77, and 0.85, respectively. When combined with BAO measurements from SDSS MGS, QSO, and Ly$\alpha$ samples, as well as the BBN results, we obtain $H_0 = 67.58 \pm 0.91\,{\rm km}\,{\rm s}^{-1}\,{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$, $\Omega_{\rm m} = 0.290 \pm 0.015$, and $\Omega_\Lambda h^2 = 0.3241 \pm 0.0079$ in the flat-$\Lambda$CDM framework, where the 1$\,\sigma$ uncertainties are around 6, 6, and 17 per cent smaller respectively, compared to constraints from the corresponding anisotropic BAO measurements without voids and LRG-ELG cross correlations.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Li-Ming Yu
Bin Luo
William N. Brandt
Franz E. Bauer
Demetra De Cicco
Andy C. Fabian
Roberto Gilli
Anton M. Koekemoer
Maurizio Paolillo
Donald P. Schneider
Ohad Shemmer
Paolo Tozzi
Jonathan R. Trump
Cristian Vignali
Fabio Vito
Jun-Xian Wang
Yongquan Xue
Abstract： We investigate the extreme X-ray variability of a z = 1.608 active galactic nucleus in the 7 Ms Chandra Deep Field-South (XID 403), which showed two significant X-ray brightening events. In the first event, XID 403 brightened by a factor of $>2.5$ in $\lesssim6.1$ rest-frame days in the observed-frame 0.5-5 keV band. The event lasted for $\approx5.0\textrm{-}7.3$ days, and then XID 403 dimmed by a factor of $>6.0$ in $\lesssim6.1$ days. After $\approx1.1\textrm{-}2.5$ years in the rest frame (including long observational gaps), it brightened again with the 0.5-5 keV flux increasing by a factor of $>12.6$. The second event lasted over 251 days and the source remained bright until the end of the 7 Ms exposure. The spectrum is a steep power law (photon index $\Gamma=2.8\pm0.3$) without obscuration during the second outburst, and the rest-frame 2-10 keV luminosity reaches $1.5^{+0.8}_{-0.5}\times10^{43}$ erg s$^{-1}$; there is no significant spectral evolution within this epoch. The infrared-to-UV spectral energy distribution of XID 403 is dominated by the host galaxy. There is no significant optical/UV variability and $R$-band (rest-frame $\approx2500$ $\unicode{xC5}$) brightening contemporaneous with the X-ray brightening. The extreme X-ray variability is likely due to two X-ray unveiling events, where the line of sight to the corona is no longer shielded by high-density gas clumps in a small-scale dust-free absorber. XID 403 is probably a high-redshift analog of local narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies, and the X-ray absorber is a powerful accretion-disk wind. On the other hand, we cannot exclude the possibility that XID 403 is an unusual candidate for tidal disruption events.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Gong-Bo Zhao
Yuting Wang
Atsushi Taruya
Weibing Zhang
Hector Gil-Marin
Arnaud de Mattia
Ashley J. Ross
Anand Raichoor
Cheng Zhao
Will J. Percival
Shadab Alam
Julian E. Bautista
Etienne Burtin
Chia-Hsun Chuang
Jiamin Hou
Kyle S. Dawson
Jean-Paul Kneib
Kazuya Koyama
Helion du Mas des Bourboux
Eva-Maria Mueller
Abstract： We perform a joint BAO and RSD analysis using the eBOSS DR16 LRG and ELG samples in the redshift range of $z\in[0.6,1.1]$, and detect a RSD signal from the cross power spectrum at a $\sim4\sigma$ confidence level, i.e., $f\sigma_8=0.317\pm0.080$ at $z_{\rm eff}=0.77$. Based on the chained power spectrum, which is a new development in this work to mitigate the angular systematics, we measurement the BAO distances and growth rate simultaneously at two effective redshifts, namely, $D_{\rm M}/r_{\rm d} \ (z=0.70)=17.96\pm0.51, \ D_{\rm H}/r_{\rm d} \ (z=0.70)=21.22\pm1.20, \ f\sigma_8 \ (z=0.70) =0.43\pm0.05$, and $D_{\rm M}/r_{\rm d} \ (z=0.845)=18.90\pm0.78, \ D_{\rm H}/r_{\rm d} \ (z=0.845)=20.91\pm2.86, \ f\sigma_8 \ (z=0.845) =0.30\pm0.08$. Combined with BAO measurements including those from the eBOSS DR16 QSO and Lyman-$\alpha$ sample, our measurement has raised the significance level of a nonzero $\Omega_{\rm \Lambda}$ to $\sim11\sigma$.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Agne Semenaite
Ariel G. Sánchez
Andrea Pezzotta
Jiamin Hou
Alexander Eggemeier
Martin Crocce
Cheng Zhao
Joel R. Brownstein
Graziano Rossi
Donald P. Schneider
Abstract： We analyse the full shape of anisotropic clustering measurements from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic survey (eBOSS) quasar sample together with the combined galaxy sample from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). We obtain constraints on the cosmological parameters independent of the Hubble parameter $h$ for the extensions of the $\Lambda$CDM models, focusing on cosmologies with free dark energy equation of state parameter $w$. We combine the clustering constraints with those from the latest CMB data from Planck to obtain joint constraints for these cosmologies for $w$ and the additional extension parameters - its time evolution $w_{\rm{a}}$, the physical curvature density $\omega_{K}$ and the neutrino mass sum $\sum m_{\nu}$. Our joint constraints are consistent with flat $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model within 68\% confidence limits. We demonstrate that the Planck data are able to place tight constraints on the clustering amplitude today, $\sigma_{12}$, in cosmologies with varying $w$ and present the first constraints for the clustering amplitude for such cosmologies, which is found to be slightly higher than the $\Lambda$CDM value. Additionally, we show that when we vary $w$ and allow for non-flat cosmologies and the physical curvature density is used, Planck prefers a curved universe at $4\sigma$ significance, which is $\sim2\sigma$ higher than when using the relative curvature density $\Omega_{\rm{K}}$. Finally, when $w$ is varied freely, clustering provides only a modest improvement (of 0.021 eV) on the upper limit of $\sum m_{\nu}$.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Chenxu Liu
Karl Gebhardt
Erin Mentuch Cooper
Yechi Zhang
Donald P. Schneider
Robin Ciardullo
Dustin Davis
Daniel J. Farrow
Steven L. Finkelstein
Caryl Gronwall
Gary J. Hill
Lindsay House
Donghui Jeong
Wolfram Kollatschny
Maja Lujan Niemeyer
Sarah Tuttle
Abstract： We present the LyA emission line luminosity function (LF) of the Active
Galactic Nuclei (AGN) in the first release of the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark
Energy Experiment Survey (HETDEX) AGN catalog (Liu et al. 2022, Paper I). The
AGN are selected either by emission-line pairs characteristic of AGN or by
single broad emission line, free of any photometric pre-selections
(magnitude/color/morphology). The sample consists of 2,346 AGN spanning
1.88
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Chenxu Liu
Karl Gebhardt
Erin Mentuch Cooper
Dustin Davis
Donald P. Schneider
Robin Ciardullo
Daniel J. Farrow
Steven L. Finkelstein
Caryl Gronwall
Yuchen Guo
Gary J. Hill
Lindsay House
Donghui Jeong
Shardha Jogee
Wolfram Kollatschny
Mirko Krumpe
Martin Landriau
Oscar A Chavez Ortiz
Yechi Zhang
Abstract： We present the first Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) catalog in the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment Survey (HETDEX) observed between January 2017 and June 2020. HETDEX is an ongoing spectroscopic survey with no pre-selection based on magnitudes, colors or morphologies, enabling us to select AGN based on their spectral features. Both luminous quasars and low-luminosity Seyferts are found in our catalog. AGN candidates are selected with at least two significant AGN emission lines, such as the LyA and CIV line pair, or with single broad emission lines (FWHM > 1000 km/s). Each source is further confirmed by visual inspections. This catalog contains 5,322 AGN, covering an effective sky coverage of 30.61 deg^2. A total of 3,733 of these AGN have secure redshifts, and we provide redshift estimates for the remaining 1,589 single broad-line AGN with no cross matched spectral redshifts from SDSS DR14Q. The redshift range of the AGN catalog is 0.25 < z < 4.32, with a median of z = 2.1. The bolometric luminosity range is 10^9-10^14 Lsun with a median of 10^12 Lsun. The median r-band magnitude of the AGN is 21.6 mag, with 34% of the AGN have r > 22.5, and 2.6% reaching the detection limit at r ~ 26 mag of the deepest imaging surveys we searched. We also provide a composite spectrum of the AGN sample covering 700 AA - 4400 AA.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Andrés Almeida
Scott F. Anderson
Maria Argudo-Fernández
Carles Badenes
Kat Barger
Jorge K. Barrera-Ballesteros
Chad F. Bender
Erika Benitez
Felipe Besser
Dmitry Bizyaev
Michael R. Blanton
John Bochanski
Jo Bovy
William Nielsen Brandt
Joel R. Brownstein
Johannes Buchner
Esra Bulbul
Joseph N. Burchett
Mariana Cano Díaz
Joleen K. Carlberg
Abstract： The eighteenth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS) is the first one for SDSS-V, the fifth generation of the survey. SDSS-V comprises three primary scientific programs, or "Mappers": Milky Way Mapper (MWM), Black Hole Mapper (BHM), and Local Volume Mapper (LVM). This data release contains extensive targeting information for the two multi-object spectroscopy programs (MWM and BHM), including input catalogs and selection functions for their numerous scientific objectives. We describe the production of the targeting databases and their calibration- and scientifically-focused components. DR18 also includes ~25,000 new SDSS spectra and supplemental information for X-ray sources identified by eROSITA in its eFEDS field. We present updates to some of the SDSS software pipelines and preview changes anticipated for DR19. We also describe three value-added catalogs (VACs) based on SDSS-IV data that have been published since DR17, and one VAC based on the SDSS-V data in the eFEDS field.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Li-Ming Yu
Bin Luo
William N. Brandt
Franz E. Bauer
Demetra De Cicco
Andy C. Fabian
Roberto Gilli
Anton M. Koekemoer
Maurizio Paolillo
Donald P. Schneider
Ohad Shemmer
Paolo Tozzi
Jonathan R. Trump
Cristian Vignali
Fabio Vito
Jun-Xian Wang
Yongquan Xue
Abstract： We investigate the extreme X-ray variability of a z = 1.608 active galactic nucleus in the 7 Ms Chandra Deep Field-South (XID 403), which showed two significant X-ray brightening events. In the first event, XID 403 brightened by a factor of $>2.5$ in $\lesssim6.1$ rest-frame days in the observed-frame 0.5-5 keV band. The event lasted for $\approx5.0\textrm{-}7.3$ days, and then XID 403 dimmed by a factor of $>6.0$ in $\lesssim6.1$ days. After $\approx1.1\textrm{-}2.5$ years in the rest frame (including long observational gaps), it brightened again with the 0.5-5 keV flux increasing by a factor of $>12.6$. The second event lasted over 251 days and the source remained bright until the end of the 7 Ms exposure. The spectrum is a steep power law (photon index $\Gamma=2.8\pm0.3$) without obscuration during the second outburst, and the rest-frame 2-10 keV luminosity reaches $1.5^{+0.8}_{-0.5}\times10^{43}$ erg s$^{-1}$; there is no significant spectral evolution within this epoch. The infrared-to-UV spectral energy distribution of XID 403 is dominated by the host galaxy. There is no significant optical/UV variability and $R$-band (rest-frame $\approx2500$ $\unicode{xC5}$) brightening contemporaneous with the X-ray brightening. The extreme X-ray variability is likely due to two X-ray unveiling events, where the line of sight to the corona is no longer shielded by high-density gas clumps in a small-scale dust-free absorber. XID 403 is probably a high-redshift analog of local narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies, and the X-ray absorber is a powerful accretion-disk wind. On the other hand, we cannot exclude the possibility that XID 403 is an unusual candidate for tidal disruption events.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Logan B. Fries
Jonathan R. Trump
Megan C. Davis
C. J. Grier
Yue Shen
Scott F. Anderson
Tom Dwelly
Michael Eracleous
Y. Homayouni
Keith Horne
Mirko Krumpe
Sean Morrison
Jessie C. Runnoe
Benny Trakhtenbrot
Roberto J. Assef
W. N. Brandt
Joel Brownstein
Collin Dabbieri
Alexander Fix
Gloria Fonseca Alvarez
Abstract： We present a high-cadence multi-epoch analysis of dramatic variability of three broad emission lines (MgII, H$\beta$, and H$\alpha$) in the spectra of the luminous quasar ($\lambda L_{\lambda}$(5100\r{A}) = $4.7 \times 10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$) SDSS J141041.25+531849.0 at $z = 0.359$ with 127 spectroscopic epochs over 9 years of monitoring (2013-2022). We observe anti-correlations between the broad emission-line widths and flux in all three emission lines, indicating that all three broad emission lines "breathe" in response to stochastic continuum variations. We also observe dramatic radial velocity shifts in all three broad emission lines, ranging from $\Delta{v}$ $\sim$400 km s$^{-1}$ to $\sim$800 km s$^{-1}$, that vary over the course of the monitoring period. Our preferred explanation for the broad-line variability is complex kinematics in the broad-line region gas. We suggest a model for the broad-line variability that includes a combination of gas inflow with a radial gradient, an azimuthal asymmetry (e.g., a hot spot), superimposed on the stochastic flux-driven changes to the optimal emission region ("line breathing"). Similar instances of line-profile variability due to complex gas kinematics around quasars are likely to represent an important source of false positives in radial velocity searches for binary black holes, which typically lack the kind of high-cadence data we analyze here. The long-duration, wide-field, and many-epoch spectroscopic monitoring of SDSS-V BHM-RM provides an excellent opportunity for identifying and characterizing broad emission-line variability, and the inferred nature of the inner gas environment, of luminous quasars.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Erin Mentuch Cooper
Karl Gebhardt
Dustin Davis
Daniel J. Farrow
Chenxu Liu
Gregory Zeimann
Robin Ciardullo
John J. Feldmeier
Niv Drory
Donghui Jeong
Barbara Benda
William P. Bowman
Michael Boylan-Kolchin
Oscar A. Chavez Ortiz
Maya H. Debski
Mona Dentler
Maximilian Fabricius
Rameen Farooq
Steven L. Finkelstein
Eric Gawiser
Abstract： We present the first publicly released catalog of sources obtained from the
Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX). HETDEX is an integral
field spectroscopic survey designed to measure the Hubble expansion parameter
and angular diameter distance at 1.88
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
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