Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： Cele Desert Research Station is located in the southern rim of Takelimagan Desert of Xinjiang, China. The fragile ecological environment and frequent sand storms in the area have seriously affected the livelihood, and restricted the economic and social development of the region. In the early 1980s, the frontier of the desert was only 1.5 km away from the town of Cele. Under this very urgent situation of “The sand at the gates”, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences (the former of Xinjiang Desert Institute of Biological and Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences) established Cele Desert Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as “Cele Station”). Researchers came to Cele, and started desertification prevention and control work. Since its establishment, Cele Station has accomplished a series of research and development achievements through longterm monitoring, research, experiments, and demonstration, focusing on the key scientific and technological issues urgently needed by regional fragile ecological environment management, and farmers and herdsmen to overcome poverty and increase their income. In terms of theoretical research, stress response mechanisms and adaptation strategies of dominant plants species in extreme arid regions were systematically expounded. In terms of technology research, development, application, and promotion, Cele Station has constructed the quick sand control model, put forward the technical system of restoring Tamarix chinensis vegetation in flood diversion irrigation, and remove the threat of quick sand invasion to Cele County. The technology has been widely applied in central Asia and Africa. The planting mode of high and stable yield of cotton and the technical system of inoculation of Cistanche were put forward. These practices have gained great economic and social benefits in Xinjiang. A technical system for optimizing the utilization of regional water resources has been established and popularized in Southern Xinjiang. Cele Station has become an important platform of scientific and technological research and development, and an experimental demonstration base, and has made important contributions to regional ecological environment construction, economic and social development.
Subjects: Other Disciplines >> Synthetic discipline submitted time 2023-03-28 Cooperative journals: 《中国科学院院刊》
Abstract： In this study, we systematically researched and comprehensively analyzed dominant plants in typical deserts in China, including Tarim Basin, Junggar Basin, Horqin Sandy land, and Hunshandak Sandy land, and revealed the characteristics of stress adaptation and stable restoration of dominant vegetation, and proposed the sustainable management technology of vegetation. The results are shown as the followings. (1) Desert plant roots remain connected to underground diving or soil capillary water. It is of great significance to maintain reasonable ecological water use and stable groundwater table for the restoration and conservation of dominant woody plants in these regions. (2) The shallow soil water formed by groundwater, snowmelt, and rainfall is the main water source of Haloxylon ammodendron (C. A. Mey.). It is of great significance for the restoration and conservation of H. ammodendron to make full use of the natural law of seasonal change of precipitation and the renewal of H. ammodendron to form scientific and reasonable planting technical measures. (3) Closure protection plays an important role in the stable restoration of dominant vegetation in desert (sandy land). The results can provide scientific basis and technical supports for the restoration and optimal management of dominant vegetation in the oasis-desert transition zone in arid region.
Subjects: Geosciences >> Geography submitted time 2021-04-23 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：为研究凋落物在极端干旱区的分解规律，利用凋落物分解袋法，以塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘策勒绿洲地区优势物种花花柴（Karelinia caspia）和胡杨（Populus euphratica）叶凋落物为研究对象，模拟自然状态，分别在3种生境下：土壤表层0 cm、土壤埋深2 cm、悬挂1 m进行凋落物分解试验，探究不同分解位置下的凋落物质量分解和碳（C）、氮（N）元素含量释放特征。结果表明：不同植物的质量损失率在不同分解位置处理下均存在显著差异，土壤表层0 cm处理下凋落物质量损失显著高于悬挂1 m和土壤埋深2 cm。至凋落物分解试验结束，花花柴质量损失率依次为：土壤表层0 cm（19.91%）>悬挂1 m（15.99%）>土壤埋深2 cm（12.35%）。胡杨质量损失率依次为：土壤表层0cm（24.15%）>悬挂1 m（13.44%）>土壤埋深2 cm（8.72%）。在整个分解过程中，两种植物叶凋落物N含量呈富集现象，C含量呈释放状态。在不同分解位置下，N元素富集量和C元素量损失差异显著，土壤表层和土壤埋深2 cm凋落物N元素富集量均小于悬挂1 m凋落物，C元素损失量均大于悬挂1 m凋落物。Olson指数衰减模型对凋落物质量残留率进行拟合，两种植物的分解常数k 值大小排序均为：土壤表层0 cm>悬挂1 m>土壤埋深2 cm。凋落叶质量残留率多因素方差分析表明在不同分解时间和不同分解位置对凋落物质量残留率影响显著（P<0.01）。在极端干旱区，掩埋条件不是驱动凋落物分解的主要因素，影响凋落物分解的因素主要是光降解。
Subjects: Environmental Sciences, Resource Sciences >> Basic Disciplines of Environmental Science and Technology submitted time 2020-06-21 Cooperative journals: 《干旱区研究》
Abstract：以塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘策勒绿洲-荒漠过渡带防护林下的骆驼刺和自然光照下的骆驼刺为研究对象，研究不同光照环境下骆驼刺地上生物量分配、叶片形态特征、叶绿素含量以及叶绿素荧光动力学参数的变化。结果表明:与自然光照下相比,① 林下骆驼刺比叶面积较高，而叶片厚度和叶干物质含量较低，地上生物量分配存在显著差异，叶比重升高，同化枝比重降低；② 林下骆驼刺的叶绿素a(Chl a)和叶绿素b(Chl b)含量明显较高，叶绿素a/b(Chl a/b)降低；③ 林下骆驼刺的最大荧光(Fm)、光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)潜在活性(Fv/Fo)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和单位面积反应中心的数量(RC/CSo)均显著升高，而单位反应中心吸收的能量(ABS/RC)、捕获的能量(TRo/RC)和耗散的能量(DIo/RC)低于对照条件下的骆驼刺。在林荫环境下，除了通过改变骆驼刺地上生物量的分配、叶形态特征来响应光照环境的变化外，叶绿素a/b(Chl a/b)比值的变化和PSⅡ光化学效率的提高，反应中心数量的增加也是骆驼刺适应荫蔽环境的重要生理途径。形态和生理上更好的光资源利用和响应特点是骆驼刺适应弱光环境的主要方式。
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