Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Xu-Fang Li
Cong-Zhan Liu
Yi-Fei Zhang
Xiao-Bo Li
Zheng-Wei Li
Xue-Feng Lu
Zhi Chang
Ming-Yu Ge
Juan Zhang
Yu-Peng Xu
Fang-Jun Lu
Li-Ming Song
Shuang-Nan Zhang
Abstract： Purpose: The High-Energy X-ray telescope (HE), one of the three main payloads of the \textit{Insight}-HXMT mission, is composed of eighteen NaI(Tl)/CsI(Na) phoswich detectors, where NaI(Tl) serves as the primary detector covering 20--250\,keV, and CsI(Na) is used as an active shield detector to suppress the background of NaI(Tl) and also serves as an all-sky gamma-ray burst monitor covering 0.2--3\,MeV. In this paper, we review the in-orbit performance of HE in the first 5 years since \textit{Insight}-HXMT was launched on June 15, 2017. Methods: The major performances we concern include the gain and energy resolution of NaI(Tl) and CsI(Na) detectors, the performance of pulse-shape-discriminator (PSD) and system dead-time. In this work, we investigate these performances mainly using the data of blank-sky observations and the data when the telescope in earth occultation. Results: The overall performance of HE/NaI(Tl) is very stable in the first 5 years, whereas the gain of HE/CsI(Na) shows a continuously increasing trend and should be calibrated regularly. Conclusion: In general, HE is still in good health and well-calibrated status after five-year's operation. The in-orbit performance of HE has no significant deviation from expectation. HE is expected to be in operation healthily for another several years of extended mission life.
Peer Review Status:
Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Jin-Yuan Liao
Shu Zhang
Juan Zhang
Gang Li
Zhi Chang
Yu-Peng Chen
Ming-Yu Ge
Jing Jin
Xue-Feng Lu
Yuan You
Xue-Lei Cao
Yong Chen
Yue Huang
Wei-Chun Jiang
Xiao-Bo Li
Xu-Fang Li
Zheng-Wei Li
Cong-Zhan Liu
Ying Tan
Yan-Ji Yang
Abstract： Purpose: We present the five-year in-orbit background evolution of Insight-HXMT since the launch, as well as the effects of the background model in data analysis. Methods: The backgrounds of the three main payloads, i.e., Low-Energy Telescope, Medium-Energy Telescope and High-Energy Telescope, are described, respectively. The evolution of the background over time is obtained by simply comparing the background in every year during the in-orbit operation of Insight-HXMT. Results: The major observational characteristics of the Insight-HXMT in-orbit background are presented, including the light curve, spectrum, geographical distribution, and long-term evolution. The systematic error in background estimation is investigated for every year. Conclusion: The observational characteristics of the five-year in-orbit background are consistent with our knowledge of the satellite design and the space environment, and the background model is still valid for the latest observations of Insight-HXMT.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Xu-Fang Li
Cong-Zhan Liu
Yi-Fei Zhang
Xiao-Bo Li
Zheng-Wei Li
Xue-Feng Lu
Zhi Chang
Ming-Yu Ge
Juan Zhang
Yu-Peng Xu
Fang-Jun Lu
Li-Ming Song
Shuang-Nan Zhang
Abstract： Purpose: The High-Energy X-ray telescope (HE), one of the three main payloads of the \textit{Insight}-HXMT mission, is composed of eighteen NaI(Tl)/CsI(Na) phoswich detectors, where NaI(Tl) serves as the primary detector covering 20--250\,keV, and CsI(Na) is used as an active shield detector to suppress the background of NaI(Tl) and also serves as an all-sky gamma-ray burst monitor covering 0.2--3\,MeV. In this paper, we review the in-orbit performance of HE in the first 5 years since \textit{Insight}-HXMT was launched on June 15, 2017. Methods: The major performances we concern include the gain and energy resolution of NaI(Tl) and CsI(Na) detectors, the performance of pulse-shape-discriminator (PSD) and system dead-time. In this work, we investigate these performances mainly using the data of blank-sky observations and the data when the telescope in earth occultation. Results: The overall performance of HE/NaI(Tl) is very stable in the first 5 years, whereas the gain of HE/CsI(Na) shows a continuously increasing trend and should be calibrated regularly. Conclusion: In general, HE is still in good health and well-calibrated status after five-year's operation. The in-orbit performance of HE has no significant deviation from expectation. HE is expected to be in operation healthily for another several years of extended mission life.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
Subjects: Astronomy >> Astrophysical processes submitted time 2023-02-19
Jin-Yuan Liao
Shu Zhang
Juan Zhang
Gang Li
Zhi Chang
Yu-Peng Chen
Ming-Yu Ge
Jing Jin
Xue-Feng Lu
Yuan You
Xue-Lei Cao
Yong Chen
Yue Huang
Wei-Chun Jiang
Xiao-Bo Li
Xu-Fang Li
Zheng-Wei Li
Cong-Zhan Liu
Ying Tan
Yan-Ji Yang
Abstract： Purpose: We present the five-year in-orbit background evolution of Insight-HXMT since the launch, as well as the effects of the background model in data analysis. Methods: The backgrounds of the three main payloads, i.e., Low-Energy Telescope, Medium-Energy Telescope and High-Energy Telescope, are described, respectively. The evolution of the background over time is obtained by simply comparing the background in every year during the in-orbit operation of Insight-HXMT. Results: The major observational characteristics of the Insight-HXMT in-orbit background are presented, including the light curve, spectrum, geographical distribution, and long-term evolution. The systematic error in background estimation is investigated for every year. Conclusion: The observational characteristics of the five-year in-orbit background are consistent with our knowledge of the satellite design and the space environment, and the background model is still valid for the latest observations of Insight-HXMT.
Peer Review Status:Awaiting Review
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